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Unit07InternationalSafetyManagement国际安全管理1GENERAL总则1.1Definitions定义1.1.1“ISMcode”meanstheInternationalManagementCodefortheSafeOperationofShipsandforPollutionPreventionasadoptedbytheAssembly,asmaybeamendedbytheOrganization.国际安全管理（ISM）规则是指由国际海事组织大会通过的，并可由该组织修正的，国际船舶安全营运和防止污染管理规则。1.1.2“Company”meanstheowneroftheshiporanyotherorganizationorpersonsuchastheManager,ortheBareboatCharterer,whohasassumedtheresponsibilityforoperationofthefromtheshipownerandwhoonassumingsuchresponsibilityhasagreedtotakeoverallthedutiesandresponsibilityimposedbytheCode.公司指船舶所有人，或已承担船舶所有人的船舶营运责任、并在承担此种责任时同意承担本规则规定的所有责任和义务的任何组织或法人，如管理人或光船承租人。“Administration”meansthegovernmentofthestatewhoseflagtheshipisentitledtofly.主管机关是指船旗国政府。1.2Objectives目标1.2.1Theobjectivesofthecodearetoensuresafetyatsea,preventionofhumaninjuryorlossoflife,andavoidanceofdamagetotheenvironment,inparticular,tothemarineenvironment,andtoproperty.本规则的目标是保证海上安全，防止人员伤亡，避免对环境，特别是对海洋环境造成损害以及对财产造成损失。1.2.2Safetymanagementobjectivesofthecompanyshould,interalia:公司的安全管理目标应当包括：provideforsafepracticesinshipoperationandasafeworkingenvironment;提供船舶营运的安全做法和安全工作环境；establishsafeguardsagainstallidentifiedrisks;and针对已认定的所有风险制定防范措施；以及continuouslyimprovesafetymanagementskillsofpersonnelashoreandaboardships,includingpreparingforemergenciesrelatedbothtosafetyandenvironmentalprotection.不断提高岸上及船上人员的安全管理技能，包括安全及环境保护方面的应急准备。1.2.3Thesafetyandmanagementsystemshouldensure:安全管理体系应当保证：Compliancewithmandatoryrulesandregulations;符合强制性规定及规则；Thatapplicablecodes,guidelinesandstandardsrecommendedbytheorganization,administrations,classificationsocietiesandmaritimeindustryorganizationsaretakenintoaccount.国际海事组织、主管机关、船级社和海运行业组织所建议的适用的规则、指南和标准应当考虑。1.3Application适用范围Therequirementsofthiscodemaybeappliedatallships.本规则的要求可适用于所有船舶。1.4FunctionalRequirementsforaSafetyManagementSystem安全管理体系的功能要求Everycompanyshoulddevelop,implementandmaintainaSMSwhichincludesthefollowingrequirements:每个公司均应建立、实施并保持包括以下功能要求的安全管理体系：asafetyandenvironmentalprotectionpolicy;一个安全和环境保护的方针；instructionsandprocedurestoensuresafeoperationofshipsandprotectionoftheenvironmentincompliancewithrelevantinternationalandflagstatelegislation;确保船舶的安全营运和环境保护符合国际和船旗国有关法规的规定和程序；definedlevelsofauthorityandlinesofcommunicationbetween,andamongst,shoreandshipboardpersonnel;船上、岸上人员的权限和相互间的联系渠道；roceduresforreportingaccidentsandnon-conformitieswiththeprovisionsofthiscode;事故和不符合规定情况的报告程序；procedurestoprepareforandrespondtoemergencysituations;and对紧急情况的准备和反应程序；以及proceduresforinternalauditsandmanagementreviews.内部审核和管理复查程序。2.1Thecompanyshouldestablishasafetyandenvironmentprotectionpolicywhichdescribeshowtheobjectives,giveninparagraph1.2,willbeachieved.公司应当制定安全和环境保护方针，说明如何实现1.2所描述的目标。2.2Thecompanyshouldensurethatthepolicyisimplementandmaintainedatalllevelsoftheorganizationbothshipbasedaswellasshorebased.公司应当保证船上岸上各级机构均能执行和保持此方针。IIICOMPANYRESPONSIBILITIESANDAUTHORITY公司的责任和权力3.1Iftheentitywhoisresponsiblefortheoperationoftheshipisotherthantheowner,theownermustreportthefullnameanddetailsofsuchentitytotheadministration.如果负责船舶营运的实体不是船舶所有人，则船舶所有人必须向主管机关报告该实体的全称和详细情况。3.2Thecompanyshoulddefineanddocumenttheresponsibility,authorityandinterrelationofallpersonnelwhomanage,performandverifyworkrelatingtoandaffectingsafetyandpollutionprevention.对涉及和影响安全和防止污染工作的管理、执行以及审核的所有人员，公司应当以文件形式明确规定其责任、权力及其相互关系。3.3Thecompanyisresponsibleforensuringthatadequateresourcesandshorebasedsupportareprovidedtoenablethedesignatedpersonorpersonstocarryouttheirfunctions.为使指定人员能够履行其职责，公司有责任确保提供足够的资源和岸基支持。IVDESIGNATEDPERSONS指定人员Toensurethesafeoperationofeachshipandtoprovidealinkbetweenthecompanyandthoseonboard,everycompany,asappropriate,shoulddesignateapersonorpersonsashorehavingdirectaccesstothehighestlevelofmanagement.为保证各船的安全营运，提供公司与船上之间的联系渠道，公司应当根据情况指定一名或数名能直接同最高管理层联系的岸上人员。Theresponsibilityandauthorityofthedesignatedpersonorpersonsshouldincludemonitoringthesafetyandpollutionpreventionaspectsoftheoperationofeachshipandtoensurethatadequateresourcesandshorebasedsupportareapplied,asrequired.指定人员的责任和权力应包括对各船的安全营运和防止污染方面进行监控，并确保按需要提供足够的资源和岸基支持。VMASTER’SRESPONSIBILITYANDAUTHORITY船长的责任和权力5.1Thecompanyshouldclearlydefineanddocumentthemaster’sresponsibilitywithregardto:公司应当以文件形式明确规定船长的下列责任：implementingthesafetyandenvironmentalprotectionpolicyofthecompany;执行公司的安全和环境保护方针；motivatingthecrewintheinstructionsofthatpolicy;激励船员遵守该方针；issuingappropriateordersandinstructionsinaclearandsimplemanner;以简明方式发布相应的命令和指令；verifyingthatspecifiedrequirementsareobserved;and核查具体要求的遵守情况；并且reviewingtheSMSandreportingitsdeficienciestotheshorebasedmanagement.复查安全管理体系并向岸上管理部门报告其存在的缺陷。5.2ThecompanyshouldensurethattheSMSoperatingonboardtheshipcontainsaclearstatementemphasizingthemaster’sauthority.公司应当保证在船上实施的安全管理体系中包含一个强调船长权力的明确声明。ThecompanyshouldestablishintheSMSthatthemasterhastheoverridingauthorityandtheresponsibilitytomakedecisionswithrespecttosafetyandpollutionpreventionandtorequestthecompany’sassistanceasmaybenecessary.公司应当在安全管理体系中确立船长的绝对权力和责任，以便做出关于安全和防止污染事务的决定并在必要时要求公司给予协助。VIRESOURCESANDPERSONNEL资源和人员6.1Thecompanyshouldensurethatthemasteris:公司