搜索
Unit7DiscussionandConclusionPartADiscussionSectionPartBConclusionSectionDiscussionSectionComponentpartsofdiscussionsection:A.interpretations/explanationsofthefindingsB.evaluationsofthesignificanceofresultsA.interpretations/explanationsofthefindingsUsuallythestrongerresultsaredealtwithfirstandweakeroneslater.Thispartusuallybeginswithreviewingtheoriginalhypothesisorpurposeofthestudy,andthenrestatethemajorfindingsinordertofindwhetherornottheysupporttheoriginalhypothesis.B.evaluationsofthesignificanceofresultsEvaluatingthesignificanceofresultsalsofallsintothescopeofdiscussing.Bydoingthis,youcancomparetheresultswiththepreviousfindingsandtheoriestoseewhethertheyarethesameorinconflict.Ifyourresultsechopreviousstudies,thereliabilityofpreviousfindingsisincreased.Otherwise,youneedtooffervariouspossibleexplanations.Inthispart,youshouldreferbacktothepreviousstudiesmentionedintheLiteratureReviewtoseewhetheryourfindingsareconsistentwiththeirsornot.StrategiesforopeningtheDiscussionSection1.Openningwiththemainresultse.g.Thestudyshowsthat…Theresultsfoundinthestudyindicatethat…Inthisstudy,weprovideevidencethat…Inthisstudy,wehaveshownthat…Inthisstudy,wefoundthat…Ingeneral,thisstudyshowsthat…*Ifthesubjectis“study,results”,thepresenttenseisoftenused;ifthesubjectis“we”,thepresent,past,orpresentperfecttenseareused.2.startingwithrestatingthepurposeoftheresearchorthequestions,hypothesisraisedinIntroductionSection,andthenanswerthembasedonyourresults.e.g.Threemainareashavebeeninvestigatedinthispaper:(1)…,(2)…,and(3)…Allthreeareaspointtothesameconclusion…Hypothesis1,that…,isconfirmedbytheresultsofthestudy.Asstatedpreviously,thepurposeofthisstudywastoilluminatecomplexitiesofworkingwithELLstudentswho…Itisclearfromtheresultsofthisstudythatthespeculativemodelof…failedtoholdup.Thestartingpointofthestudy,…isquantitativelyandqualitativelyconfirmedforthemostpart.Contrarytoourexpectation,thisstudyshowsthatincreasingXXismoreeffectivethanincreasingYYforthepopulation.ThespecificreasonsforthefailureofXXXareunknown.Accordingtothispreliminarystudy,hormonereplacementtherapymayreducedepressionsymptoms.3.Beginningwiththediscussionofliterature,existingtheory,etc.andthendiscussingtheresultsbycomparingyourfindingswiththeliteratureinordertopresentthesignificanceofyourstudy.e.g.Ingeneral,wefound…Forexample,…ThisfindingagreeswithSmith’s(2001)theoryof…However,itisnotclearif…Onepossibleexplanationforthisdiscrepancymightbe…*orderofarrangingdiscussionpartsIngeneral,youshoulddiscusstheresultsinorderofthequestionsorhypothesisraisedinIntroductionSection.Sometimes,youcanarrangethemfromthemostimportanttotheleastimportant.Thestrongerresultsaredealtwithfirstandthenweakerresultslater.*OrderofexpressionstrengthDiscussthefollowingsentenceswithyourpartnersandtrytofindhowtheyarearrangedInternationalgraduatestudentshavelessconfidenceintheirwritingthan…Internationalgraduatestudentsseemtohavelessconfidenceintheirwritingthan…Internationalgraduatestudentsappeartohavelessconfidenceintheirwritingthan…Accordingtothisfinding,itseems/appearsthat…Studentstendtohavelessconfidence…StrengthofclaimsItiscertainthat…Itisalmostcertainthat…Itishighlylikelythat…Itisprobablethat…Itispossiblethat…Itisunlikely…Itisveryunlikely/highlyimprobablethat…Thereisadefinitepossibilitythat…Thereisastrongpossibilitythat…Thereisagoodpossibilitythat…Thereisaslightpossibilitythat…Thereisaremote/obscurepossibilitythat…*differencebetweenmayandmightInacademicpapers,“may”ismorecommonlyusedthan“might”.Inasentencewithaconditionaladverbialclause,you’dbetteruseonly“might”insteadof“may”.e.g.Theresultsmighthavechangedifwehaddonetheexperimentsdifferently.*tensechoiceInthesection,thetensemayswingbackandforthbetweenpresentandpasttense.Mentioningotherpeople’swork/establishedknowledgeisusuallydescribedinthepresenttense,whiletheresultsofthepresentresearchareusuallydescribedinthepasttense.ConclusionSectionConclusionSectionConclusionsectionusuallycontainsmajorfindingsofyourstudy,implicationsoftheresults,limitationsandrecommendationsofyourstudy.majorfindings•ThecommonpracticeistosummarizethemajorfindingsintheorderofresearchquestionsraisedinIntroductionSection.•Inadditiontothemajorfindingsrelatedtotheresearchquestions,youmayalsoreportsomeunexpectedresults,i.e.theresultsthatyoudidn’tplantoobtainoriginallybutprovedtobeinteresting.•Inthesummaryofmajorfindings,anyjargonandstatisticsshouldbeavoided.Youshouldusenon-technical,briefexplanationofthemajorfinding.ImplicationsInthispart,youcandescribeimplicationsoftheresultsalongthreeperspective:theory,methodologyandpractice.e.g.Basedonthesefindings,severalsuggestionsconcerninghowtoimprovecollegeEnglishteachingmaybeputforward.LimitationsandRecommendationsExpressionstointroducelimitationsofthestudy:Thisstudyhasfocused/concentratedonlyon…Theseexperimentsarerestrictedto…Wehave…,butwehavenotbeenableto…Itshouldbenotedthatthisstudyexaminedonly…Theseexpressionproblemsaredifficulttotackleusingconventionalexpressionmethodssince…Unfortunately,wewereunabletodetermine…fromtheseresults.However,theresultso