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Module3MusicGrammar1.Mastertheuseofadverbialclauseoftimeandthepastperfecttense.2.Learnsomeimportantlanguagepoints.TeachingaimsLearnsomedetailedknowledgeaboutgrammar.Leading-in一、时间状语从句时间状语从句常由after，when，whenever，once，since，assoonas，bythetime，before，till，until，while，as等引导。①when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。她进来时，我停止吃饭。Istoppedeatingwhenhecamein.(瞬时动词)当我住在农村时，我常常为他挑水。WhenIlivedinthecountryside，Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.(延续性的动词)1.when，while和as的区别：【名师点津】when有时表示“就在那时”，这时为并列连词。beabouttodo...when../bedoing...when...Wewereabouttoleavewhenhecamein.他进来的时候我们刚要离开。Iwaspaintingwhenherushedinyesterday.昨天我正在画画时他闯了进来。hardly/scarcely…when...一……就……Thebabyhadhardlycriedwhenhesawhismother.这个孩子一看见妈妈就哭了。【归纳拓展】nosooner…than...;assoonas…，immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant都表示“一……就……”。【易错提醒】在hardly/scarcely…when和nosooner…than句型中when和than引导的从句不能放在主句之前。hardly/scarcely及nosooner如置于句首，句子要倒装。Ihadhardlyopenedthedoorwhenherushedout.=HardlyhadIopenedthedoorwhenherushedout.我一打开门，他就冲出去了。=NosoonerhadIopenthedoorthanherushedout.②while引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper，IwaswatchingTV.妻子读报时,我正在看电视。(wasreading是延续性的动作，wasreading和waswatching同时发生)【点津】while有时还可以表示对比，此时为并列连词。Ilikeplayingfootballwhileyoulikeplayingbasketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。(对比)③as表示“一边……一边……”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生的情形。Wealwayssingaswewalk.我们总是边走边唱。2.before在……之前乘客们应该在飞机起飞前的一小时到达机场。Thepassengersshouldarriveattheairportanhourbeforetheflightdeparts.【即学即练】他在我可以阻止他之前跑了。Heranoff______________________.不久之后我就把它全忘了。___________________Iforgotitall.beforeIstoppedhimItwasnotlongbefore3.since自从……,通常主句用现在完成时。Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since…自从……以来多长时间了。在我大学毕业后我就再没去过那儿。IhaveneverbeenthereagainsinceIgraduatedfromtheuniversity.自从这个船长成为领航员之后，他几乎游遍了世界各地。Thecaptainhastraveledalmosteverywhereintheworldsincehebecameapilot.4.everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……，每次……；下次……”等。—Bob,canyouexplaininflation?—Sure.Everytimemydadpaysthebills,heblowsup.That’sinflation.——鲍勃，你能解释一下通货膨胀吗？——当然可以。每一次我爸爸付账时，他就勃然大怒。那就是通货膨胀。1.(2015·天津高考)Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem_______wecansolveit.我们需要找出问题的根源才能解决问题。【高考链接】before2.(2013·陕西高考)Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou_____Icamebackfromabroad.自从我从国外回来,我听说了很多关于你的好消息。since二、过去完成时1.表示过去某一时间以前已经发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间为“过去的过去”。AftertheyhadbecomefamousinBritain，theycametotheUnitedStates.他们在英国出名之后，又来到了美国。Bytheendoflastmonthwehadlearned2,000Englishwords.到上个月底为止，我们已经学了2000个英语单词。2.think，hope，intend，mean，expect，want，plan等动词的过去完成时表示过去的愿望、打算、计划等没有实现。常译为“原以为/希望”等。表达的是一种虚拟语气。Ihadhopedtovisithim，butIwastoobusy.我本来希望去看他，但我太忙了。1.(2015·天津高考)IwishI_________(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.【高考链接】hadbeen【解题关键】wish后面跟从句时,从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。与过去的事实相反,从句谓语动词要用过去完成时。2.(2014·浙江高考)Sofialookedaroundatallthefaces;shehadtheimpressionthatshe_________(see)mostoftheguestsbefore.hadseen【解题关键】根据谓语动词looked,had和时间状语before,可知是过去的事情,而“以前见过”应该发生在这些动作之前,即“过去的过去”,故用过去完成时。1.record（1）v.记录；录音BeforetheyrecordedLetItBe,theBeatleshadrecordedelevenotheralbums.在他们录下《LetItBe》之前，甲壳虫乐队已录了另外的11张专辑。Listentotheteacherattentivelyinclassandrecordwhatisimportant.上课时,专心听老师讲课,并把重要的内容记录下来。Languagepoints(2)n.[C]记录，记载，唱片keeparecordof把……记录下来makearecord录制唱片keep/holdarecord保持记录setarecord创记录breakarecord打破记录equalarecord平记录【巧学助记】ArecordplayerisplayingarecordoftheBeatleswhichwasrecordedintheUK.一个电唱机正在播放一个在英国录制的甲壳虫乐队的唱片。2.similarto与……相似ReadthenotesaboutthecomposerTanDunandmakesentencessimilartothoseinactivity2.阅读关于作曲家谭盾的资料并造句，使其与活动2中句子相似。【归纳】similaradj.相似的，类似的similarlyadv.相似地，类似地similarityn.相似性Youropinionsonthismatteraresimilartomine.在这件事上，你我的观点很相似。Wearesimilarincharacter.我们在性格上很相似。Classexercises1.Ihadhardlygottotheoffice______mywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.when2.TheAnti-JapaneseWarlastedeightyears________theChinesewonintheend.before3.Hisnewestrecord,digitally________(record)inthestudio,soundedfantastic.4.Somepeoplelikewearingfashionableclothes;_________(similar)somebirdslikebrightfeathers.recordedsimilarly3.ThemanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfromPariswherehe________(meet)someEuropeanbusinesspartners.4．Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood,butI__________(stay)inmanyworsehotels.hadmethadstayedFinishofftheexercisesonPage27.Doasyouwouldbedoneby.己所不欲，勿施于人。