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Unit1Helpingthoseinneed单词raisev.筹募，增加，提高Sheraisesmoneyforthedisabledpeople.Heaskedthebossraisehissalaries.permissionn.准许，批准Theyenteredtheareawithoutpermission.permit是其动词形式，常见搭配为permitsbtodosth，意为允许某人做某事。Permitmetoexplain.teenagern.青少年Theteenagerranawayafterbeingpunished.offerv.主动提出Heofferedtodovoluntarywork[拓展]offer意为“主动提出”时，后接动词不定式to+do；offer还可作“提供，供应”解，常用短语有offersbsth或offersthtosb.Theyofferedussomemoney.sufferv.(因疾病等)受苦；受折磨Thechildrensufferedfromseriousillness.seriousadj.严重的；严肃的、庄重的ThatcouldcauseseriousinjuryPleasebeseriousforaminute,thisisveryimportantillnessn.（某种）病Hestayedhomeforadaybecauseofaslightillness.organizev.组织，筹备Weorganizedapaintingcompetitionforthem.expressv.表达，表露。Hecouldnotexpresshisfeelingsofsadnesstohismother.他不能向母亲表露出内心的悲痛.painn.(精神上的)痛苦，苦恼；（肉体上的）疼痛,疼痛Hefeltasharppaininhisknee.他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。(肉体上)Inevermeanttocauseherpain.我从没有让她痛苦之意。（精神上）lonelyadj.孤独的，寂寞的IliveallalonebutIneverfeellonely.我虽孑然一身,但从不感孤寂。lonely与alone的区别：a.lonely只用作形容词，在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的，寂寞的”意思，强调内心孤独，带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有“渴望得到同伴”的含义I'malonelyman.b.alone形容词,副词，意为“独自的（地）、单独的（地）”，指客观情况（独自一人，没有同伴或助手）Iamaloneathome.（作形容词作表语）Iliketoworkalone.（作副词修饰work）friendshipn.友谊，友情Atschoolsheformedaclosefriendshipwithseveralothergirls.difficultyn.困难；费劲Thecountryisfacinggreateconomicdifficulties.joyn.愉快，喜悦Tohisgreatjoy,sheaccepted.peacen.平静，宁静Shelaybackandenjoyedthepeaceofthesummerevening.hurtv.（使）疼痛；受伤Hehurthisbackinanaccident.Myfeethurt.我脚疼。[拓展]hurt还可用作名词，意为“（精神上的）痛苦，创伤”Theexperienceleftmewithafeelingofdeephurt.couragen.勇气Shedidn'thavethecouragetorefuse.sipritsn.情绪，心境tobeinhigh/lowspirits情绪高/低Youmusttryandkeepyourspiritsup.payv.付费pay(sb)(forsth)支付……费用；I'llpayforthetickets.我来买票HerparentspaidforhertogotoCanada.pay(in)cash用现金支付You'dgetadiscountforpayingcash.paybycheque/creditcard用支票/信用卡支付CanIpaybycreditcardcommunityn.社区He'swelllikedbypeopleinthecommunity.inneed需要帮助的Wearecollectingmoneyforfamiliesinneed.常见的用法还有inneed+ofsth，意为“需要……”。Iwasallrightbutinneedofrest.writealettertosb给某人写信Youcanwritealettertohim[拓展]receivealetterfromsb.或hearfromsb.收到某人的来信。Ireceivedaletterfrommyfriendyesterday=Iheardfrommyfriendyesterday.askpermission请求批准。permission为不可数名词，意为“批准，准许”。Youmustaskpermissionifyouwanttoleaveearly.Theytookawaythebookswithoutpermission.Couldyoudosth?你能做某事吗？用于委婉地请求别人做某事，有时候在you后面加please。Couldyoupleaseclosethedoor?Yes,sure.[拓展]表示委婉请求的句型还有“Would/Willyouplease(not)dosth”Wouldyouplease(not)feedthedog?givesb.ahand意为“帮助某人”，相当于helpsb.Comeon!Letmegiveyouahandthedisabledpeople表示有残疾的一类人，意为“残疾人”。(P2)Thebusinessmanalwaystrieshisbesttohelpthedisabled.talkto和……交谈，后面接表示人的名词或代词，相当于talkwith。talkabout意为谈论某事。Iwanttotalktomymother.Todaywearegoingtotalkabouttravelling.without介词，意为“没有；不”，后面常接名词，人称代词宾格或动词-ing形式，在句子中作定语或状语。其反义词为with，意为“有”，用法与without相同。TherearemanyfamilieswithoutchildrenHelefttheclassroomwithoutsayingaword.Ioftendreamofabighousewithanicegarden.辨析offer与provideoffer意为“主动提供”；愿意给予，常用offersb.sth.或offersth.tosb.provide意为“供给；提供；准备”常用providesb.withsth.或providesth.forsb.IofferCindyagift=IofferedagifttoCindy.TheyprovidedCindywithallthebooks=TheyprovidedallbooksforCindy.sufferfromsth.意为“因某事受苦，受某事的折磨”，后面常表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿，悲伤等词。Hischildissufferingfromabadcold.Thiscountryoftensuffersfromfloods.takephotosof意为“给……拍照”，相当于takepictures/photographsof，也可用takeaphoto/picture/photographof表示相同含义。而takephotos意为“拍照”。Let’stakeaphoto/pictureofthepark.Tonyenjoystakingphotos.expressoneself意为“表达自己的意思、思想、感情”等。（p3）Youcanexpressyourselffreely.[拓展]express的名词形式为expression，意为“表达，表情”。anexpressionofsurprise.continueto意为“继续做某事”，continue后面可接动名词，同样表示“继续做某事”，TheycontinuetohaveapartyMikecontinuedreadingthebook.[拓展]continue作不及物动词，意为“继续；连续，延伸”。Thesnowcontinuedfortwodays.continuewithsth.继续（做）某事。Youcancontinuewithyourwork.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难。difficulty可以用problems或trouble来代替。Ihadsomedifficulty(in)workingoutthemathsproblems.havethecouragetodosth.有勇气做某事Hedoesnothavethecouragetogiveuphisidea.ingoodhealth身体健康，相当healthy，常用作表语。而inbad/poorhealth意为“身体不好”。Ihopemyparentsareingoodhealth.Theoldmanisinbadhealth.oneof“……之一”，后接名词或代词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。OneofmyfriendsiscomesfromAustralia.sothat意为“以便，为了”，后面接从句。MyfatherwantstobuymebicyclesothatIcangettoschoolquickly.[拓展]so….that….如此……以至于，that引导结果状语从句IamsotiredthatIcan’twalkanyfurther.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事Ienjoywatchingactionmovies.decide(not)todosth.决定（不）做某事Theydecided(not)totellTomaboutit.[拓展]a.decide+疑问词+不定式Ican’tdecidewheretogoformyholidaysb.decide+that从句IdecidedthatIwillbecarefulnexttime.c.decide的名词形式为decision，常用搭配为makeadecision.Hehasmadeadecisiontobecomeasailor.givesb.someadvice给某人一些意见，advice为不可数名词I’llgiveyousomeadviceonhowtolookafteryourpetdog.[拓展]advise为动词，表示“建议”，常用结构有advisesb(not)todosth.，意为“建议某人（不要）做某事”。Sheadvisedustowaitforonemoreday.asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事。MrLiaskedustoprotectanimalsindanger.forgettodosth.忘记做某事Iforgottotellheraboutit.forgetforgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事Iforgottellingheraboutit.辨析：hope与wishhope表示主观上的愿望并对实现所有信心可接不定式或that从句，但不能接不定式作宾补Wehopetoraisemoneyforher.Hehopesthathecanhavetruefriendship.wish表示未完成或不能实现的愿望可接不定式或that从句，也可以接不定式作宾补，即wishsbtodosth.Iwishtoorganizeabi