写作13-英语写作常见错误类型

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四级作文写作常见写作错误Contents•5种用词错误分析•6种常见句子错误分析5种用词错误分析•1)误解词义导致的用词错误•2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误•3)大词小词滥用导致的错误•4)误用词性导致的错误•5)用汉语思维导致的用词错误1.误解词义导致的用词错误1)Theyoungmanalwaysputsonleathershoes.2)Bothsaltandsugarareeasytomeltinhotwater.3)Theypersuadedtheirsontotryagain,buthejustturnedadeafeartothem.4)Pleasefetch/takemesomewaterwhenyoureturnthisafternoon.5)Itisuneasyforthechildrentodosuchathing.1.误解词义导致的用词错误•1)Theyoungmanalwaysputsonleathershoes.•puton表示穿的动作,不表示穿着的状态,而此句表达的意思是“穿着”,而不是“穿上”•Theyoungmanalwayswearsleathershoes.1.误解词义导致的用词错误•2)Bothsaltandsugarareeasytomeltinhotwater.•melt常指物体经过加热后熔化或者易溶物质受热溶化,不指溶质在溶剂中溶解•Bothsaltandsugarareeasytodissolveinhotwater.1.误解词义导致的用词错误3)Theypersuadedtheirsontotryagain,buthejustturnedadeafeartothem.•persuadesb.todosth.是“说服某人去做某事”。如果persuade用过去时或者完成时,则意味着对方已经接受劝告而去做某事了。但此句的第二部分用了hejustturnedadeafeartothem,这在词义上造成了前后矛盾的逻辑错误。•Theyadvisedtheirsontotryagain,buthejustturnedadeafeartothem.1.误解词义导致的用词错误4)Pleasefetch/takemesomewaterwhenyoureturnthisafternoon.•Fetch表示的是“去拿来”,表示来回而不是单程。Take表示“拿走”。从该句的意思看来,指单程“拿来”。4)Pleasebringmesomewaterwhenyoureturnthisafternoon.1.误解词义导致的用词错误•5)Itisuneasyforthechildrentodosuchathing.•Uneasy是由前缀un-加词根easy构成,在古英语中有表示“不容易”的意思,但在现代英语中,uneasy已经不表示easy的反义“不容易”了,而是“心神不安”的意思。•5)Itisdifficultforthechildrentodosuchathing.•分辨同义词近义词的细微差别是避免发生错误的主要途径。•选用自己完全掌握了词义或用法的单词或词组进行写作。2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误1)Weallhopehimtogetthefirstprize.2)Mr.Smithdeniedmyinvitationtoadinnerparty.3)Whoisresponsibleforthisdepartment?4)Shewillprobablybeelectedwomanchairman.5)Therearejobsmoredangerousthantruckdriving,foraninstance,traininglions.2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误1)Weallhopehimtogetthefirstprize.•Hope的用法只有hopetodosth.或hope+that从句结构,却不能说hopesb.todosth.1)Weallexpecthimtogetthefirstprize.2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误2)Mr.Smithdeniedmyinvitationtoadinnerparty.•Deny可做“拒绝接受”讲,不过当表示“拒绝接受邀请”时,英语习惯一般不用denyaninvitationMr.Smithdeclinedmyinvitationtoadinnerparty.2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误3)Whoisresponsibleforthisdepartment?Beresponsiblefor通常指对某件事的后果负责。如果指对某一方面的工作或某一部分的工作负责,就不能用这个搭配。Whoisinchargeofthisdepartment?2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误4)Shewillprobablybeelectedwomanchairman.Womanchairman,是一个词语搭配问题。一般来说,在表示职业的名词前加上man或woman可以区别男女。如awomandoctor,awomanwriter等。但是“女主席”“女议长”“女诗人”等则不能用woman做定语。另外,英语中某些固定搭配,决不可随便改变其结构或任意添加、省略其中的某些成分,否则就会造成不符合惯用表达的用词错误。Shewillprobablybeelectedchairwoman.2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误5)Therearejobsmoredangerousthantruckdriving,foraninstance,traininglions.•Foraninstance不符合英语习惯用法。英语中“举例”的固定说法是forexample和forinstance。虽然只举一个例子,也不能使用冠词a/anTherearejobsmoredangerousthantruckdriving,forinstance,traininglions.2)不符合习惯导致的用词错误•就英语单词本身而言,每一个单词都是符合英语习惯的,问题在于词与词之间的搭配上。•在写作时,对惯用法的使用要加倍小心,平时对自己不熟悉或拿不准的习语要认真查证,才能杜绝非惯用法的用词错误。3)大词小词滥用导致的错误•1)Icomprehendedhisstatement.•2)whileweareeatingbreakfast,weengagedinananimatedconversation.•3)hewillcomeintheeventthatitstopsraining3)大词小词滥用导致的错误•1)Icomprehendedhisstatement.•1)Iunderstoodwhathesaid.•comprehend:及物动词1理解,领悟,了解2包含,包括•understand:1懂,了解2a.[从…]闻知,得知某事[from](文语)使某人知道[认为,相信](…)•understand强调了解后所得的知识•comprehend强调在到达了解前的心路历程3)大词小词滥用导致的错误•2)Whileweareeatingbreakfast,weengagedinananimatedconversation.•Whileeatingbreakfast,wehavealovelytalk.3)大词小词滥用导致的错误•3)hewillcomeintheeventthatitstopsraining•Hewillcomeifitstopsraining.•intheeventthat;intheeventof•释义:如果,如果……发生•用法:法律用语,比if正式,intheeventthat后接从句,intheeventof后接名词性短语。3)大词小词滥用导致的错误•自然、简练、清楚、明白•有限时间用于掌握核心词汇•熟练掌握最常用词来充分表达自己的思想4)误用词性导致的错误•1)Myteacheradvicedmenottogooutaloneatnight•2)Shedoesn’tawareoftheimportanceofthestudyofEnglish.•3)Manypeoplepresentatthemeeting.•4)Todothisbeyondmypower.•5)Thisroadgoesstraightlyfromourschooltothecenterofthecity.4)误用词性导致的错误•1)Myteacheradvicedmenottogooutaloneatnight•1)Myteacheradvisedmenottogooutaloneatnight•名词误用为动词4)误用词性导致的错误•2)Shedoesn’tawareoftheimportanceofthestudyofEnglish.•2)Sheisn’tawareoftheimportanceofthestudyofEnglish.•形容词误用为动词4)误用词性导致的错误•3)Manypeoplepresentatthemeeting.•3)Manypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting.•形容词误用为动词4)误用词性导致的错误•4)Todothisbeyondmypower.•4)Todothisisbeyondmypower.•介词误用为动词4)误用词性导致的错误•5)Thisroadgoesstraightlyfromourschooltothecenterofthecity.•5)Thisroadgoesstraightfromourschooltothecenterofthecity.•straight•adj.直的;连续的;直率的;整齐的•adv.直地;直接地;坦率地;立即•n.直线;直线部分•Manystudentsbelievethattheyareadultsandtheycandoanythingtheywant,theychoosetotakeactivitiesordoingsomethingbenefit.4)误用词性导致的错误•形容词具有动作含义,当它们做表语时,千万不要忘记加连系动词。•注意带有动作含义的介/副词(组)•注意使用前、后缀后的词性变化5)用汉语思维导致的用词错误•Excessivesmokingwillinjureyourbody.•Throughinquiry,welearnthathewaselectedtoanewleadingpost.•Wearegoingtovisittheexhibitionnextweek.•Inthebasketballgame,ourteamwontheBritishteam•Weallenjoypublicmedicalcare.5)用汉语思维导致的用词错误•Excessivesmokingwillinjureyourbody.•Excessivesmokingwillinjureyourhealth.5)用汉语思维导致的用词错误•Throughinquiry,welearnthathewaselectedtoanewleadingpost.•Oninquiry,welearnthathewaselectedtoanewleadingpost.•oninquiry经询问;经调查5)用汉语思维导致的用词错误•Wearegoingtovisittheexhibitionnextweek.•Wearegoingtoseetheexhibitionnextweek.5)用汉语思维导致的用词错误•Inthebasketballgame,ourteamwontheBritishteam•Inthebasketballgame,ourteambeattheBritishteam•赢得一场比赛:winthegame/match•打赢某人:winoversb.(不能说winsb.)5)用汉语思维导致的用词错误•学会用英语思考,切忌

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