现在完成时被动语态练习

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现在完成时(Thepresentperfecttense)的用法小结一、现在完成时的结构:_______________________________________________现在完成时的被动语态结构:_________________________________________现在完成时的进行时态:_____________________________________________二、用法:现在完成时既涉及_______,又联系__________。用法一:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与just(刚刚),already(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然),once(一次),twice(两次),manytimes(很多次),howmanytimes(多少次),sofar(迄今为止),duringthepast(last)threeyears(最近三年来)等连用。用法二:表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语有:①for+表示一段时间的词语IhavetaughtEnglishfor19years。②since+表示过去时间点的词语Hehasbeenatthisschoolsince1986.③since+表示过去的时间状语从句IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.④since+一段时间+ago.Ihaveknownhimsince20yearsago.三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语(for,since,howlong,allone’slife)连用的动词必须是表示延续的情况或动作的动词,即延续性动词。如:be,have,know,live,work,study,learn,teach,keep,speak,talk,draw,wait,wear,walk,sleep,drive,write,do,clean等。I____________________________fornearly20years.我当老师已经有20年了。Howlong_________________________here?他住在这多久了?四、延续性动词的现在完成时可和包括“现在”在内的(到说话时仍未结束)表示一段时间的状语连用。如thismorning,today,thisweek,thesedaysHehasbeentoBeijingthreetimesthisyear.五、英语中还有一些动词的意义决定它们所表示的动作不能延续,只是一瞬间就结束的动作,这类动词叫做“非延续性动词”,常见的有:come,go,arrive,reach,see,hear,close,open,leave,begin,start,lose,buy,fall,join,die,getup,become,borrow,lend,find,finish,receive等。这些动词可用于现在完成时,说明某个动作的结果还存在,但不能和表示一段时间的状语(howlong,for,since)连用。判断正误:Hehascomeback.()Hehascomebackfortwohours.()六、如何通过与一般过去时做比较,进一步掌握现在完成时?一般过去时和现在完成时的动作都发生在过去,但意义却不同.(1)一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系。现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响,强调的是现在。如:IlearnedtenEnglishsongs(说明过去学过,现在是否记得,不是本句的内容)IhavelearnttenEnglishsongs.(learn发生在过去,但强调我现在懂英语歌曲)Icleanedtheblackboardhalfanhourago.(只说明“擦”和其发生的时间)Ihavecleanedtheblackboard.(说明现在黑板是干净的)Theteacherhaswrittensomenewwordsontheblackboard(黑板上现在有单词)Theteacherwrotesomenewwordsontheblackboard(黑板上现在没有单词)(2)一般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,lastyear,threedaysago,justnow,等。现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,其时间状语可以是since…,for…,just,ever,never,before,already,yet,sofar,allone’slife等现在完成时专项练习一高考链接:从所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项1.Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit____.A.hasruinedB.hadruinedC.hasbeenruinedD.hadbeenruined2.ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics_______by2006.A.hasbeencompletedB.hascompletedC.willhavebeencompletedD.willhavecompleted3.----Thewindowisdirty.----Iknow.It________forweeks.A.hasn’tcleanedB.didn’tcleanC.wasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned4.---GeorgeandLucygotmarried.Didyougototheirwedding?---No,I____.Didtheyhaveabigwedding?A.wasnotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvitedC.hadn’tbeeninvitedD.didn’tinvite5.Theconstructionofthetwonewrailwaylines_______bynow.A.hascompletedB.havecompletedC.havebeencompletedD.hasbeencompleted6.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey___manytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaught7.Iheardthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted8.I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He____foritformonths.A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing9.Bythetimeherealizeshe______intoatrap,it'llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked10.ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere____yet.A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecidedC.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecide二.单句改错1.Thebookhasbeengivenhim.______________________________________2.Themostcomfortableservicehasbeenofferedusbyhim.______________________________________3.ThenewbridgeovertheYellowRiverhasjustcompleted.______________________________________4.Manynewbuildingswerebuiltsince1980.______________________________________5.Somethingbadhasbeenhappenedtohim.三.用动词的正确形式填空1.We________________(study)inLittleStarEnglishsincetwoyearsago.2.Tsunami______________(nothappen)inthesouth-eastofChinarecently.3.Myfather___________(read)thenoveltwice.4.----She______________(buy)aHelloKittyforyou,hasn’tshe?---Yes,she_______.5.ThisisthenicestparkI__________(see).6.They_________(study)Englishforalongtime.四.根据汉语提示完成句子1.你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗?_______you______________yourfather_________?2.我已经很长时间没有拜访过我姑姑了。I________________myaunt__________________________.3.Simon曾经去过几次中国。Simon_____________________Chinafor___________________.4.他们已经去电影院了They________________________thecinema.5.Smith夫妇还没有回来。TheSmiths_____________________________.6.脏衣服都已经洗了。Thedirtyclothes______________.7.这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。Theplan_________________bytheexpertsforthreetimes.8.这些年来,这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。Thechild____________________byGrandmaWangalltheseyears.9.门已经被锁上了。__________________________________________________________10.有人告诉他这事很多次了。He__________________________________________________11.工作一完成我们就立即动身。We’llstartassoonasthework_________________

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