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Welcometoourclass~~RedRiverValleyFromthisvalleytheysayyouaregoingWewillmissyourbrighteyesandsweetsmileFortheysayyouaretakingthesunshineThathasbrightenedourpathforawhileComeandsitbymysideifyoulovemeDonothastentobidmeadieuButremembertheRedRiverValleyAndtheheartthathaslovedyousotrue定语从句一)概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，称为定语从句，也叫形容词性从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1.Thestudents(whodon’tstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.2.Thewoman(whomyousawinthepark)isourEnglishteacher.主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.从句的主语：you从句的宾语：whom3.Ashoeshopisashop(whichsellsshoes).主句：Ashoeshopisashop.从句的主语:which4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句Thebookisonthedesk.youthat引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that,which,whowhom，whose等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。Theman(that/whotoldusafunnystory)isinthenextroom.主语Ilostthebook((that/which)yougaveme).宾语从句的主语:从句的宾语：归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主,whom作宾。whose人/物，定语;that,which,whom在从句中作宾语，可省。1)Aplaneisamachine________________canfly.2)Thecar_______________________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents________________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman________________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.5)Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.which/thatwhich/that///who/thatwhom/that///that关系代词that的用法1)不用that的情况a)引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：Thetree，thatisfourhundredyearsold，isveryfamoushere.(错)(that改为which)b)介词后不能用。例如：Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.→Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.我们依赖土地获得食物。2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况1先行词既有指人又有指物2当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly,thevery等修饰时3先行词是all,much,anything,something,nothing等不定代词4主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时5.在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。Fillinthegaps:1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_______wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_______isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything______Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel______Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_____canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_______isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_______itusedtobetwentyyearsago.8.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtyearsago.thatthatthat//that//thatthatthatwhich关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词when指时间,where指地点,why指原因在从句中作状语。1)关系副词when，where，why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。例如：I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)Ijoinedthearmy.Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer？“介词＋关系代词”即“介词＋whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.onwhich/whenduringwhich/wheninwhich/whenB.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Haveyoufoundthebook____________Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_____________welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook____________sheoftentalks?C.way作先行词1)Theway(inwhich/that)helooksattheproblemsiswrong.forwhichonwhichfromwhichaboutwhich即使先行词是时间地点或原因,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which※判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就要求必须用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：I’llneverforgetthedaysthatIspentinthecountryside.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedintheschool.方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。关系词的选择依据在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who，whom，that，which，whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。例如：I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIjoinedtheleague.Fillintheblanks.1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.2.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.Thefactory___________hisfatherworksisbig.3.I’llneverforgetthetime_____________weworkonthefarm.4.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.that/whichwhen/onwhichthat/whichwhere/atwhichwhen/atwhichwhere/inwhich5.Isthistheschool_________youvisitedlastyear?Isthisschool___________youvisitedlastyear?6.Heisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatmaths.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho__goodatmaths.7.Doyoustillrememberthehotel_______________welivedlastsummerholiday?Doyoustillrememberthepark____________________wevisitedlastsummerholiday?(that/which)theoneareisinwhich/where(that/which)8.Hehastwosons,andbothof_____workasactors.Hehastwosons,bothof_____workasactors.9.Thisisthehouse__________thewindowwasbrokenyesterday.Thisisthehouse_______windowwasbrokenyesterday.10.ThisisthewayshestudiesEnglishthemwhomofwhich/wherewhose(inwhich/that)Corrections:1.Themanjustsaidhellotomeismychemistryteacher.who2.Whoisthecomradeyoujustshookhandswithhim.3.Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.which4.ThisisthebestdictionarywhichIhaveeverused.that5.Thehousewhereweliveinisnotverylarge.which/that6.Thehousethatitwasbuiltin1970stayedupintheearthquake.HomeworkP.237ExerciseThanksforyourallattendance!