研究生4篇summary

中国地质大学研究生课程论文封面课程名称研究生英语教师姓名何霜研究生姓名刘改宁研究生学号1201510871研究生专业数学所在院系数理学院类别:A.博士B.硕士C.进修生日期:2016年4月15日1Summary1.Thesummaryof“FromCompetencetoCommitment”.Inthisarticle,“FromCompetencetoCommitment”,ErnestBoyerarguesthatitisnotenoughtomerelyteachundergraduatesthespecializedskillsneededtodoaparticularjob.Rather,studentsneed“alargevision.”Hearguesthattheyneedtobecomefamiliarwithissuesfarbeyondthesimpleconcernsofanarrowacademicfield,andgainanappreciationofthevaluesandphilosophyoftheirowncultureaswellastheissuesshapingnationsfarfromtheuniversitycampus.Inadditiontolearningspecializedfactsandskills,studentsshouldexaminelargerissuesofrightandwrong,sothateachstudentmaydeveloptheintellectualsophisticationrequiredtomakewisedecisionforthemselvesandtheirsociety.ThereforeErnestBoyerstatesthattheundergraduateeducationshouldmovethestudentfromcompetencetocommitment.Atfirst,theauthorrevealsacommonphenomenonthatmanycollegestudentsareconfusedaboutwheretoputtheirbelief.Inordertoworkoutthisproblem,undergraduateeducationshouldreflectinloyaltiesthatriseaboveself.Next,collegegraduatesshouldfulfillcivicobligations.TheimperativemeasuresshouldbetakentonarrowthegapbetweenpublicpolicyandpublicunderstandinginAmericanteachingtoday.Thecomplicatedpublicliferequiresmoreparticipationofcitizens,not2onlyspecialists.Democraticprocessalsoneedssomecitizenswhoarewell-educated,careforthesociety.Undergraduatecollegehasagreaterresponsibilitythananyotherinstitutiontoprovidethewiseleadershipwhichisneededbynation.Accordingtothis,collegegraduatesalsofulfillobligationfromtheglobalperspective.Theplanethasbecomemorecrowed,moreinterconnected,moreunstableinthepasthalfcentury,anewgenerationofcollegestudentsneedtoadaptthischange.Theyshouldknowaboutcultureotherthantheirown,understandtheinterdependentnatureoftheworld,andeventuallyrealizewhatobligationstheyshouldtake.Inthecapacity-buildingaspects,creditsandcompletedcoursethatcanprovestudenttodealsuccessfullywithdiscreteproblemsishighlyprized.Onthecontrary,someimportantcapacitiesareignoredbypeople.Thequalityofcollegeeducationshouldbemeasuredbytheintegratedperformanceinclassroomandtheperformanceofthegraduateintheworkplaceandfurthereducation.Intheend,collegeshouldencouragestudentstoenlargethescopeofvisionanddiscoverpatternsthroughtheknowledgetheyhaveacquired,andeventuallytaketheirresponsibilityeffectively.2.Thesummaryof“whatwillbe”.Thisarticlemainlytalksaboutsomediscoveriesabouttheinformationmarketplace,aplacewherepeopleandtheircomputerswill3buy,sell,andfreelyexchangeinformation.Thenanalysiswhatwillbethefutureofit.TheauthordiscussestheinteractionbetweensomefundamentalancienthumanforcesandtheInformationMarketplacesuggeststhatweshouldconsiderthegreatesttransformationofit.ThefirstdiscoverywasthattheInformationMarketplaceisbuiltonaninformationinfrastructure,whereweshouldconcernmore.Itisawideandrichterrainthatfullofchallengeswherealmosteverysupplierandconsumercanbeawinner.TheseconddiscoverywasthattheInformationMarketplacewillaffectpeopleandorganizationsonabroadscale.Allkindsoforganizationsofhumanbeings,fromasmallcompanytothegovernmentofanationcanbenefitalotbecauseoftheirinformationwork.Twomajornewforcesininformationmarket:electronicbulldozersandelectronicproximitybothhavebroadinfluenceforsociety.Theformeronewillincrease.Humanproductivityisimportantinbothourpersonallivesandtheworkplacewhilethelattercanbridgethedistancebetweenpeoplesincetheycancommunicatethroughinformationinamoreconvenientway.Inotherwords,InformationMarketplacecanhelpusunderstandothersbetterandstaypeaceful.Besides,theauthoralsotakesomeharmfulfactorsintoaccountsuchasthehugeamountofinfo-junkandthegapbetweenrichandpoornationsthatwillbecomemoreseriousifwedon’ttakesomemeasure.4AnotherdiscoverywasthattheInformationMarketplaceiscapableofcustomizinginformationtoindividualhumanandorganizationalneeds.Sincethere’salmostnoeventoractionthatisnotrelatedtoinformation,peoplewillmakeuseoftheInformationMarketplacetoaccomplishtheirwishesandpreference,nomatterwhotheyare.TheauthorisconfidentaboutthefutureoftheInformationMarketplace,whichisregardedastheThirdRevolutioninmodernhumanhistory.Hecallsustoembraceandwelcomethecomingofthisbig,exciting,andawesomerevolutionandbelieveitwillliberatethetotalhumanpotentialwithineachofusandleadusmovetowardsanewage.3.TheSummaryof“TheVirtuesofAmbition”.Althoughforalongtimeambitionhascomeunderheavyattackandhasbeengivenabadname,itisbynomeansillegalandwillexistforever.AsoneofthoseRorschachwords,whenyoudefinetheambition,youinstantlyrevealagreatdealaboutyourself.Websterdefinesambitionas“anardentdesireforrank,fame,orpower.”Butardentimmediatelyassumesaheatincommensuratewithgoodsenseandstability.Surelyambitionisbehinddreamsofglory,ofwealth,oflove,ofdistinction,ofaccomplishment,ofpleasure,ofgoodness.Whatlifedoeswithourdreamsandexpectationscannotbepredicted.Asdrunkshavedonetoalcohol,thesingle-mindedhavedonetoambition-givenitabadname.Whatistheworstthatcanbesaidaboutambition?Hereisasurely5partiallist:ambitionoftenmeansantisocial,andindeedisnowoutofdate.Whatisworse,a