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IPA-InternationalPhoneticAlphabet音标国际音标｛元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音｛/i:/,/ɪ/,/e/,/æ//ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ//u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ://eɪ/,/aɪ/,/ɔɪ/,/ǝʊ/,/aʊ/,/ɪǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ/辅音爆破音磨檫音鼻音半元音舌边音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//f/,/v/,/∫/,/3/,/θ/,/δ/,/s/,/z/,/h/,/r/,/tʃ/,/d3/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz//m/,/n/,/ŋ//l//w/,/j/Vowels（元音）-purevowels（单元音）前元音：/i:/,/ɪ/,/e/,/æ//i:/例词：heseatreefield短语：greenleavesdeepseacleanstreeteatthemeat例句：A:Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?B:Tea,please.A:OK.Ihavetea,too./ɪ/-/i/例词：pinshiphillchicks短语：abigshipfiftypicturesMissSmithinterestingfilms例句：A:IsLilyin?B:Lilyisillinbed.C:Oh,I’msorry./e/-/ε/例词：penheadlegwell短语：tenpenceverywellexpensivecigaretteswenttoAmerica例句：A:Howdidyouspendyourholiday?B:IwenttoBeijing.A:Wasitexpensive?B:Yes,very./æ/例词：applelanternhandparachute短语：blackcatmadmantravelingbagmatter-of–fact例句：A:AnnistravelingtoJapan.B:Howhappysheis!A:Sheisveryhappy.Vowels（元音）-purevowels（单元音）中元音：/ɜ:/,/ǝ/,/ʌ//ɜ:/-/ǝ:/例词：girlbirdworkturn短语：earlybirdsuperbworkthirstypersonperfectsearch例句：A:Healwaysarrivesworkearly.B:Buthewasn’tearlythismorning.A:Youweren’tearlyeither./ǝ/例词：teacherpicturebreakfastwelcome短语：aglassofwateraquartertosevenbrothersandsistersabookaboutChina例句：A:lookattheclock！B:what’sthetime?A:it’saquartertoseven/ʌ/例词：cuprunjumpflood短语：hurryup!trustus!rubbishdumpmustn’tworry例句：A:It’ssunnytoday.B:No,isn’tit.A:MyunclewillgotoLondonnextMonday.B:Howluckyheis!Vowels（元音）-purevowels（单元音）后元音：/u:/,/ʊ/,/ɔ:/,/ɒ/,/ɑ://u:/例词：zoowhofoodblue短语：atoothfruitjuicetwoshoes例句：A:Lookatmynewshoes?B:Oh,theyarebeautiful.A:Yourbootsarebeautiful,too./ʊ/-/v/例词：footwoodbookpush短语：goodcookgoodbookcouldn’tlookpuddingwithoutsugar例句：A:Wheredidyouputthebook?B:Whichbook?A:Thebookyouboughtyesterday./ɔ:/例词：forkballmorningairport短语：fourballsscoreboardmorningglorysportsreporter例句：A:Iseetwochildreninfrontofblackboard.B:Heisshort.A:Sheisshorter./ɒ/-/ɔ/例词：cockshopjobhospital短语：hotcoffeealongjobonthebox例句：A:Ihaveabadcough.B:Youmustseeadoctor.A:Yes,Imustgotothehospital./ɑ:/例词：cargardenstarguitar短语：fastcarhalfmasthearttransplantstarsandbars例句：A:Youlookverysmarttoday.B:Thankyou.A:Whatamarvelousdanceryouare.Vowels（元音）-diphthongs（双元音）/eɪ/,/aɪ/,/ɔɪ/,/ǝʊ/,/aʊ/,/ɪǝ/,/eǝ/,/ʊǝ//eɪ/-/ei/例词：faceraincakewait短语：eightwastepaperrailwaystationwaitforthemail例句：A:It’smybirthdaytoday.B:HappybirthdayA:Thankyou.Cometomybirthdayparty.Anddon’tbelate./aɪ/-/ai/例词：skykitewritebicycle短语:whiteliehightidesilentnight例句：A:It’safinedaytoday.Thesunisshiningbrightly.B:Yes,Ifeelhot.Ilikeanice-creamnow.A:Yes,Ido,too./ɔɪ/-/ɔi/例词：boyboilnoisecoin短语：aspoiltboyanoisytoyanannoyingvoice例句：A:Lookatmytoygun.B:Oh,whatagoodtoy!A:Shallwejoinourfriendsinthegarden?B:Yes,let’sgo./ǝʊ/-/ǝv/例词：coastthrowboattoe短语：Joe’scoatgotothewindowloadandunloadthrowasnowball例句：A:Look!Hehasaboat.B:Ishegoingtorow?A:Ithinkso./aʊ/-/av/例词：cowhousemouthtrousers短语：shoutoutbrownmousedowntownroundlounge例句：A:Isshemilkingthecow?B:Yes,sheis.A:Isthecowinhehouse?B:No.Sheisonthedairyfarm./ɪǝ/-/iǝ/例词：earqueerzerobeard短语：theatmosphereherequeerskierwearymountaineerexperiencedengineer例句：A:Let’shavesomebeerhere.B:Whatagoodidea!A:Whatshallwedoafterhavingbeer?B:Weshallgotothetheatre./eǝ/-/εǝ/例词：hairbarepearchair短语：apirofharesmayor’sparentssquarechairscarefullibrarian例句：A:Whereismypen?B:It’soverthereonthechair.A:Thankyou.It’sreallythere./ʊǝ/-/vǝ/例词：tourpoorjurygourd短语：atourinthemoorgoonatourduringthedayfuelthecarConsonants（辅音）-plosives（爆破音）/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/g//p/例词：pigpotpondplan短语：pickupapepperpotapieceofporkapenandapencil例句：A:Doyoucollectstamps?B:Yes,Ido.A:Willyoushowmeyourstampalbum?B:Yes,theyareupstairs.Letmegoandfetchthem./b/例词：busbedbenchbrush短语：BigBenabigbottlebeautifulblousesbluebutterflies例句：A:Isthisyourhandbag?B:No,itisn’tmyhandbagisnotbrown.A:Whatcolorisyouhandbag?B:It’sblack./t/例词：tietaxitaptelephone短语：titfortattipofthetongueflatfoottale-teller例句：A:I’mhungry.Iwantsomethingtoeat.B:Whataboutsomesteak?Let’sgototherestaurant!A:Yes,let’sgo./d/例词：doordoctorheadwind短语：darlingdaughterdarkredplayedcardslistenedtotheradio例句：A:Whatdidyoudolastnight？B:Istudiedlastnight.A:Didyoustudyallnight?B:No,Ididn’t.Ilistenedtotheradioforsometime./k/例词：carduckclockpark短语：thebackofthecaraskquestionaquartertosixcoolascucumber例句：A:Ilikechocolatecakes.B:Youdo?Doyouoftenhavechocolatecakes?A:Yes,Ido.B:Ifyouwanttokeepfit,don’teattoomanychocolatecakes./g/例词：bagdoggoatgrape短语：goodgirlgotothegrocer’sasgoodasgoldgetangry例句：A:Canyouplaytheguitar?B:Yes,Iplayedmyguitarinthegardenandsongagainandagainwithmyfriendslastnight.A:Youmusthavehadagoodtimelastnight.Consonants（辅音）-fricatives（摩擦音）/f/,/v/,/θ/,/ð/,/s/,/z/,/ʃ/,/ʒ/,/h/,/ʧ/,/ʤ/,/r//f/例词：laughfatfishfamily短语：freshfruitfastfoodsoftsofafeelfine例句：A:LookatFreda!Sheisfashionable.B:Herhatisfunny.A:Lookatherfurcoat.It’sfabulous./v/例词:vetvillagevolcanotelevision短语：lovelyviewvillagevetleavingarrivingleavesofthevine例句：A:Who’sdrivingthevan?B:Ithinkvictoris.A:Whoisvictor?B:Heismynewneighbor,hehaslivedhereforonlyafewmonths./θ/例词：toothmonththinthirsty短语：threethousandMartha'sbirthdayhealthyauthorthirtymathematicians例句：A:M