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GrammarRevision-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.对他说话等于对牛弹琴。2.Smokingmaycausecancer.吸烟会致癌。3.Walkingismysoleexercise.散步是我唯一的运动。4.Talkingmendsnoholes.（谚）空谈无济于事。5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.我建议结束会议。6.Headmittedtakingthemoney.他承认钱是他拿的。7.Icouldn’thelplaughing.我禁不住笑了起来。8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.你的大衣需要刷一下。-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语的用法一、-ing形式作定语1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的用途或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台ExplainthefollowingphrasesinsimpleEnglish.asleepingbagasleepingboyadrinkingcupadrinkinghorseAbagforsleepingAboythatissleepingAcupfordrinkingAhorsethatisdrinkingadancinghalladancinggirlacookingpotamovingstoryAhallfordancingAgirlthatisdancingApotforcookingAstorythatismovingboilingwater(=waterthatisboiling)boiledwater(=waterthathasboiled)What’sthewaterlike?((1)现在分词表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词一般表示已完成的动作做定语时,现在分词与过去分词的区别：Howabouttheleavesinthetwopictures?Theleavesarefallingfallingleaves.Theleaveshavefallenonthegroundfallenleaves.2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。ThemanstandingthereisPeter’sfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。作定语的过去分词短语1.Thisisthecoatboughtlastyear.2.Canyourecognizethemanhurtintheaccident?Thisisthecoatthatwasboughtlastyear.Canyourecognizethemanwhowashurtintheaccident?1)Doyouknowtheboy____________________(在操场上玩的).2)Thefirsttextbooks__________(write)forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.3)TheOlympicGames,first_______(play)in776B.C,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.4)Thepeoplehadcometolovehimasan________leaderandawise,warmhearted,honestman.A.inspiringB.inspiredplayingontheplaygroundwrittenplayedA二、-ing形式作宾语补足语1.1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.那老板让工人整夜地工作。2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：Wesawafireburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.Iwon’thaveyoudoingthat.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.Thepolicemancaughtthethiefstealingapurse.2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：3.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的区别：Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（看老师作实验的整个过程）三、-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：Herhobbyispainting.她的业余爱好是画画。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质或特征，主语多为物；过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。Thefilm“PearlHarbor”isreally_________.Iam__________aboutit.(excite)Hisresponsetothequestionwasquite________________.Ifelt_______________athisresponse.(disappoint)excitedexcitingdisappointingdisappointed分词作表语Thefilm______________Theaudience_________________ismoving.feel/aremoved.(move)ExercisesPointouttheusageofthe–ingform.1.Doyoufinditfunnytoseesomeoneslidingonabananaskin,bumpingintosomeoneelseroundacorner,orfallingdownaholeintheroad?sliding,bumping,falling作宾语补足语2.Hebecamefamousforusingaparticularformofacting,includingmimeandfarce.using作介词for的宾语including作状语3.…Buthewaslivedbyallwhowatchedthefilmsforhisdeterminationinovercomingdifficultiesandbeingkindevenwhenpeoplewereunkindtohim.overcoming作介词宾语4.ThatwastheproblemfacingCharlieChaplininoneofhismostfamousfilms.facing作定语5.Heloveditbyusingnonverbalhumor.using作介词宾语6.Theirjobis“panningforgold”.panning作表语7.Finallyhetriescuttingandeatingthebottomoftheshoe.cutting,eating作宾语