四轴立体式雕刻机设计说明书1

山东轻工业学院2012届毕业生毕业设计I目录摘要.................................................................................................1ABSTRACT.............................................................................................1第一章绪论...............................................................................31.1雕刻机的概述......................................................................................31.2设计研制的雕刻机的特点.................................................................31.3研制的雕刻机功能及使用范围：.....................................................4第二章系统分析与方案的订制...............................................42.1三维雕刻机的设计参数.....................................................................42.2雕刻机总体方案选择.........................................................................42.2.1总体布局要求.................................................................................52.2.2总体方案确定.................................................................................62.3雕刻机运动系统方案设计.................................................................72.3.1坐标系统的确定.............................................................................72.3.2总体结构.........................................................................................82.3.3主运动方案.....................................................................................82.3.4进给运动方案.................................................................................8第三章主运动系统的设计及校核.........................................93.1铣削力、扭矩和功率的计算.............................................................93.2钻削力、扭矩和功率的计算............................................................113.3主运动系统的设计............................................................................13山东轻工业学院2012届毕业生毕业设计II3.3.1主运动系统的方案........................................................................133.3.2主轴电机的设计计算....................................................................13第四章进给运动系统设计计算.............................................144.1Z方向进给运动系统设计简介........................................................164.1.1Z方向进给运动系统组成..............................................................164.1.2滚珠丝杠副的选择及支撑用轴承的选择....................................174.1.3电机的选择....................................................................................184.1.4联轴器的选择.................................................................................184.2Y方向进给运动系统设计简介......................................................184.2.1Y方向进给运动系统组成..............................................................184.2.2滚珠丝杠副的选择及支撑用轴承的选择....................................194.2.3电机的选择....................................................................................194.2.4联轴器的选择................................................................................19第五章A轴的结构与设计......................................................195.1轨道顶针底座的设计........................................................................195.2齿轮箱齿轮的设计............................................................................195.3齿轮材料的设计................................................................................205.4齿轮传动的计算载荷........................................................................205.5减速箱箱体的设计........................................................................·205.6电机的选择........................................................................................205.7卡盘的设计........................................................................................20山东轻工业学院2012届毕业生毕业设计III5.8顶针的选择........................................................................................21结论...................................................................................................21参考文献...........................................................................................22山东轻工业学院2012届毕业生毕业设计IV山东轻工业学院2008届毕业生毕业设计1摘要建国五十年，我国的机械工业虽然已经有了较大的发展，具备了一定的基础和规模，初步满足国民经济和人民生活的需要。但雕刻机的价格均比较高,为了提高其普及率,设计开发一个经济、简练的机械运动系统是很具有重要的理论意义和实用价值的。本文简要地介绍了雕刻机的起源和发展现状，分析了国内外同类雕刻机的特点，说明了雕刻机的功能和使用范围。综合造和加工工艺等知识，提出了简化雕刻机运动系统的设计思路。其次，讨论和确定了本雕刻机的总体结构布局。本雕刻的运动系统包括了主运动系统和进给运动系统。其主运动系统采用电机直接接刀具，省去中间传动，而进给运动系统是采用步进电机带动滚珠丝杠使部件在导轨上平移来实现四轴联动。再次，对主电机的选用、滚珠丝杠、步进电机以及导轨等主要零部件进行了详细的设计与计算。本雕刻机有着安装方便，结构简单、新颖，制造成本低等优点，可用于中小型雕刻机，对雕刻机价格具有一点的影响。关键词：雕刻机运动系统四维ABSTRACTInfiftyyears，Themechanicalindustryofourcountryhasmadegreatprogress，haveacertainamountoffoundationandscale,Preliminarysatisfynationaleconomyandtheneedsofthepeople.Butthepriceofengravingmachineishigh;tobeabletoincreaseitspenetrationrate,designamechanicalsystemwhichischeaperandbrevityhasaveryimportanttheoreticalandpracticalvalue.Thisarticlebrieflyintroducedtheoriginandthestate-of-the–artoftheengravingmachine,analysedthesimilarcharacteristicsofsculpturebothathomeandabroad,explainedthefunctionsandscopeofuseoftheengravingmachine.Firstly,amotionsystemdesignideaswasgotbycomprehensiveusingtheknowledgesuchasmechanicaldesignandmanufacturingandprocessingtechnology.Secondly,thecarvingofthelayoutoftheengravingmachinearediscussedandidentified.