非谓语动词-分词

非谓语动词-分词分词是“非谓语动词”的另一种形式，它有两种形式：现在分词（PresentParticiple）和过去分词（PastParticiple）。•现在分词ing主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone•过去分词ed看看做什么成分的？●Idon'tlikecannedfood,Iprefersomethingfresh.●Chinabelongstodevelopingcountries.●Chinahasnotimetolosetocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesintheworld.●Thestoryisverymuchinteresting.●Sheisinterestedinmusic.●Thewindowisbroken.●HearingXiongNiwinthefirstplacefinally,wealljumpedwithjoy.●Hurtbytheirimpolitewords,heflaredup(动怒).●Motherheardherkidopeningthedoor.●Motherheardthedooropened.分词在句子里1）作定语，2）作表语，3）作状语，4）作宾语补足语。1）作定语单个分词作定语，分词一般说来写在被修饰的名词、代词之前；分词短语作定语时，分词放在被修饰词之后。•ThatisaninterestingTVseries..•Thegirlstandingbyhermother（主动）lookedverytimid.•Theyreducedthenumberofanimalsusedinexperiments.（被动）•Thebridgebeingbuilt（正在被）isdesignedbyayoungman.•ThetopicsbeingdiscussedeverywhererecentlyisconcernedabouttheOlympics2000.Combineeachpairofsentencesbyusingapresentparticiplephrases.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.1.Somespidersdonotbuildwebs.Thesespidersarelivinginthedesert.______________________________2.Theydigholesinthegroundtofindshelter.Thisshelterprotectsthemfromtheheat.____________________________________________________________Somespiderslivinginthedesertdonotbuildwebs.Theydigholesinthegroundtofindshelterprotectingthemfromthehear.3.Theywaitintheirholesformice.Thesemicearewalkingby.______________________________4.Thespidersjumpfromtheirholes.Theholesarehidingthem._______________________________5.Themiceareinjectedwithpoison.Themicearebeingcaught.______________________________6.Thespidersstorethemiceforlater.Themiceserveasasourceoffood._______________________________Theywaitintheirholesformicewalkingby.Thespidersjumpfromtheholeshidingthem.Themicebeingcaughtareinjectedwithpoison.Thespidersstorethemiceservingasasourceoffoodforlater.2)作状语分词作状语，常用来说明谓动作发生的原因、方式、时间、条件、结果等方面的情况。例如：•Notknowinghisphonenumber,Iwrotehimaletter.（表示原因）•Chokedbytheheavysmoke,hecouldhardlybreathe.（表示原因）•Leavingtheairport,theywavedwithtearstotheChinesedelegates.（表示时间）•Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookssignificant.（表示时间）•Laughingandtalkingloudly,theaudienceleftthestadiumafterthematch.（表示伴随）•Surroundedbyhisstudents,theprofessorsattherecheerfully.（表示伴随）•Consideringthepoorerfinancialstatus,theydecidedtodelaytheirproject.（表示条件）•Givenbetterattention,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.（表示条件）分词作时间或条件状语时，为了明确其意义有时可在分词前加上when,while,if等连词。例如：•Pleasetakenoteswhilelisteningtothereport.•Whenexplainingittoher,youshouldbepatient.•Ifleftinthesun,theclothwillloseallitscolour.•Wewillnotattack,unlessattacked.另外，若表示分词动作发生在谓语动作之前，要用分词的完成形式（havingdone;havingbeendone）：•Havingbeendiscussedseveraltimes,thedecisionwasfinallymade.•Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenttoplaybasketball.1.Bearsfindaplaceonthesideofahill.Theydigdensintheautumn.(find)_________________________________________________________________________2.Bearsfilltheirdenswithgrassandleaves.Theymakeabedforthemselves.(fill)________________________________________________________________________3.Bearsgainupto20kgaweekduringsummerandautumn.Theyhibernate.(gain)___________________________Combineeachpairofsentencesusingaparticipleandthewordsgiveninbrackets.Makeanyothernecessarychanges.Havingfoundaplaceonthesideofahill,beardigdensintheautumn.Fillingtheirdenswithgrassandleaves,bearsmakeabedforthemselves.Havinggainedupto20kgaweekduringsummerandautumn,bearshibernate.4.Bearsseethefirstbigsnowfall.Theyentertheirdensandfallasleep.(see)___________________________________________________________________________5.Bearsusuallysleep.Theydonoteatordrinkmuchduringwinter.(sleep)_____________________________________________________________________________6.Thehungrybearsabandontheirdensinearlyspring.Theyimmediatelyhuntforfood.(abandon)_____________________________________________________________________________Seeingthefirstbigsnowball,bearsentertheirdensandfallasleep.Usuallysleeping,bearsdonoteatordrinkmuchduringwinter.Abandoningtheirdensinearlymorning,thehungrybearsimmediatelyhuntforfood.3）作表语•Thenewsisreallyexciting.•HegotverymuchexcitedwhenheheardthatFuMingxiawonthe26thgoldmedalforChina.•Thefoodsmellsinviting.•Shelookeddisappointedaftershelostthegame.4)作宾语补足语和主语补足语常用分词作宾语补足语的动词有：find,feel,get,have,hear,keep,notice,see,watch,catch等。•WhenIpassedbyhisoffice,IfoundJohnreadingsomethingcarefully.•（宾语补足语）•IheardmysistersingingthatsonginEnglishoutside.•（宾语补足语）•MysisterwasheardsingingthatsonginEnglishoutside.•（主语补足语）•Whenwecamenearhisgarden,wefoundhishousebeingpainted.•（宾语补足语）•Wefoundhergreatlychanged.•Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.•Itrytomakemyselfunderstood/heard.•Pleasekeepmeinformedofthelatestdevelopments.•Shewillgetthefencemended.动词catchhavekeepgetleavemakesendsetstart现在分词过去分词catch等几个特殊动词接分词作宾语补足语的情况：独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语与主句不同时，带逻辑主语的分词短语被称为独立主格结构。多做状语。Ifweatherpermits,Iwillgoandvisitthezoo.==Weatherpermitting,Iwillgoandvisitthezoo.Whenthemeetingwasover,wealllefttheroom.==Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroom.AsitisSunday,Ineedn’tgotoschool.==ItbeingSunday,Ineedn’tgotoschool.分词的重要句型：1.generallyspeaking一般说来fran