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毕业设计（论文）基于单片机的线路保护设计与实现系别：机电信息学院专业名称：电气工程及其自动化学生姓名：学号：指导教师姓名、职称：完成日期2012年12月14日I论文题目：基于单片机的线路保护设计与实现（硬件）专业：电气工程及其自动化本科生：（签名）指导教师：（签名）摘要电力作为一种高级、清洁、方便的能源利用形式，正越来越广泛地应用于经济社会的各个方面。电力系统运行的安全性是形成系统威胁的主要问题，然而电力系统中的故障却是不可避免的。为确保系统安全稳定运行，增强供电的可靠性和连续性，就需要一个优质的故障诊断分析系统。输电线路，它连接着电源和各种用电设备，实现电能的传输任务。当输电线路发生短路故障时，短路电流比正常工作电流大许多倍，产生巨大的热效应和力效应。这不仅危及线路的本身的运行，而且给整个电力系统的安全稳定运行带来了隐患。本设计对采用单片机构成结构简单，成本低，使用方便的三段式电流保护装置的硬件结构、软件设计进行了研究，设计了一种基于AT89S52单片机的输电线路电流保护装置。本论文重要包括二大部分的内容。第一部分介绍了微机保护的相关知识；第二部分为单片机实现线路过流保护的硬件电路设计，包括模拟电流输入、单片机系统、继电器动作、以及按键和显示电路，并介绍了了LM324、AD0809、LF398等芯片。关键词：单片机；继电保护；电流保护；电流。研究类型：应用研究IISubject:BasedonSCMlineprotection（hardware）Specialty:ElectricEngineeringandit’sAutomationName:LiuYongJin(Signature)Instructor:FuZhouXing(Signature)AbstractElectricpowerasasenior，clean，convenientenergyuseform，iswidelyusedintheaspectsofeconomicsociety．Powersystemoperationsafetyofthemainthreatistoformasystemproblem，however，isthepowersystemfaultinevitable．Toensurethesafeandstableoperationofthesystem，strengthenthepowersupplyreliabilityandcontinuity，youneedahighqualityfaultdiagnosisanalysissystem．Powerlines，itconnectsthepowerandallkindsofelectricequipment，realizepowertransmissiontask．Whenthetransmissionlineshappenwhenthefaultthannormalworkingcurrentshortcircuitcurrentmanytimes,theenormousheatingandpowereffect．Thisnotonlyendangerlinesoftheoperationitself，andthewholepowersystemforthesafeandstableoperationofbroughthiddentrouble．Thisdesignbysinglechipmicrocomputerconstitutesofsimplestructure，lowcostandconvenience3-sectionalcurrentprotectiondeviceofthehardwarestructureandsoftwaredesignresearch，designakindof52singlechipmicrocomputerbasedonMCStransmissionlinecurrentprotectiondevice．Thispaperincludestwomostimportantcontent．Thefirstpartintroducesthemicrocomputerprotectionrelatedknowledge；Thesecondpartisthesinglechipmicrocomputertransmissionlinecurrentprotectionhardwarecircuitdesign，thedesignofthesimulation，theinputchannelandsingle-chipmicrocomputersystem，switchingoutputchannelandthekeyboardandshowcircuit，andintroduceLM324，itAD0809，LF398chip，etc.Keywords:Singlechipmicrocomputer；Therelayprotection；Currentprotection；current.Typeofresearch:appliedresearch目录目录.................................................................................................................................................11绪论..............................................................................................................................................11.1选题的目的和意义..................................................................................................................11.2电力系统继电保护的任务......................................................................................................11.3继电保护装置原理和装置的组成..........................................................................................21.3.1继电保护的原理...................................................................................................................21.3.2继电保护装置的构成...........................................................................................................31.4继电保护的基本要求..............................................................................................................31.4.1选择性...................................................................................................................................31.4.2速动性...................................................................................................................................31.4.3灵敏性...................................................................................................................................41.4.4可靠性...................................................................................................................................41.5微机保护系统的简介..............................................................................................................41.5.1继电保护的发展过程...........................................................................................................41.5.2微机保护的特点...................................................................................................................42输电线路电流保护的原理.........................................................................................................62.1三段式保护的基本概述..........................................................................................................62.2三段式电流保护的整定方式..................................................................................................62.2.1电流速断保护（第Ⅰ段）...................................................................................................62.2.2限时电流速断保护（第Ⅱ段）...........................................................................................82.2.3定时限过电流保护（第Ⅲ段）...........................................................................................93单片机实现输电线路电流保护的硬件总体设计....................................................................113.1系统的基本结构.........................................................................................................