引力波与高频引力波探测

引力波与高频引力波探测李芳昱重庆大学物理系China-VO2009ICGA921.BackgroundandMotivation2.CouplingElectromagneticDetectionSchemetoHigh-FrequencyGravitationalWaves3.ChallengeandOpportunityOUTLINE3Classificationofgravitationalwavefrequencybands.(1)ν~1Hz-104Hz,thedetectingregionbygroundlaserinterferometergravitationalwaveobservatory,suchasVIRGO,LIGO,etc.(2)ν~100Hz-103Hz,thedetectingregionbytheresonantmassdetectors,suchasWeberBar.(3)ν~10-4Hz-1Hz,thedetectingregionbyLaserInterferometerSpaceAntenna,suchasLISA.(4)ν~10-6Hz-10-3Hz,thedetectingregionbyASTROD.(5)ν~107Hz-109Hz,thedetectingregionbyelectromagneticmicrowavecavityorcircularwaveguide.(6)ν~108Hz-1011Hz,thedetectingregionbycouplingsystemsofthemicrowavebeamsandstaticEMfields.4WhatareHigh-FrequencyGravitationalWaves(HFGWs)?HighFrequencyGravityWaves(HFGWs)aregravitationalwaves(whichdifferfromhydrodynamicgravitywaves)thathavefrequenciesof100kHzto100MHz(HawkingandIsrael1979).Astheirfrequencyincreases,veryhigh-frequencygravitationalwaves(VHFGWs)andultrahigh-frequencygravitationalwaves(UHFGWs)aregenerated.Thesehavefrequenciesof100MHzto100GHzand100+GHz,respectively.ThegenerictermHFGWsdescribesallthreeofthesebands.Thesewavesmovethroughthe“fabric”ofspacesimilartothewayanoceanwavemovesthroughthewater.This“fabric,”asEinsteindescribesit,iscalledthe“space-timecontinuum”andisfour-dimensional.Itcontainstheusualthreedimensionsofspace:forexample,(1)east-west(2)north-south)(3)updown,butalsoincludesthedimensionof(4)time.5HistoryofHigh-FrequencyGravitationalWavesPoincaré,firstmentionofGWs,1905RobertL.Forward,lecturepresentedattheLockheedAstrodynamicsResearchCenterinBel-Air,California,USA,firstmentionofHFGWs,1961M.E.Gertsenshtein,1962L.HalpernandB.Laurent,relicHFGWsfromBigBang&GASER,1964RichardA.Isaacson,1968LeonidGrishchukandM.V.SazhinHFGWemission,1974G.F.Chapline,J.NuckollsandL.L.Woods,nucleargeneration,1974V.B.BraginskyandValentinN.Rudenko,detectionandlaboratoryHFGWgeneration,19781979StevenW.HawkingandW.IsraeldefinitionforHFGWsashavingfrequenciesinexcessof100kHz.G.Veneziano,M.GasperiniandM.GiovanninirelicHFGWsfromBigBang,1990FangyuLiandR.Baker,ProposedHFGWdetector,1999todateFirstHFGWpatent,R.Baker,1999M.CruiseandR.IngleybuiltHFGWdetector,BirminghamU.,2000todateWoods,Stephenson,Davis,Fontana,Gemme,Chincarini,Grishchuk,Rudenko,Baker,Murad,etal.firstHFGWworkshop,2003STAIF2004,2005,2006,2007and2008manymoreHFGWcontributions6HFGWLiteratureSTAIF:SpaceTechnologyApplicationsInternationalForum–peer-reviewedAmericanInstituteofPhysicsProceedings–archivedOver100authorsand200HFGWpaperspublishedin:AstronomischeNachrichten/AstronomicalNotes,SovietPhysicsJETP,Journ.ofAppl.Phys.,PhysicalReviewD,AnnalsofPhysics,ZeischriftfuerPhysik,Class.QuantumGrav,Phys.Rev.LettersA,JournalofAppliedPhysics,ReviewofScientificInstruments,etc.AmaldiGravitationalWaveConferences:M.Cruise,R.Ingley,PhilippeBernard,GianlucaGemme,R.Parodi,andE.PicassoPhDThesesincluding:F.RomeroBorja,1981,UniversityofKonstanz,Germany;RichardIngley,2005,UniversityofBirmingham,England7[1]W.J.Kimetal.,Phys.Rev.Lett.96,(2006),2000402[2]M.Giovannini,Phys.Rev.D60,(1999),123511M.Giovannini,Class.QuantumGrav.16(1999),2905[3]M.Giovannini,Phys.Rev.D73,(2006),083305[4]P.Chenastro-ph/0303350,(2003)[5]R.M.L.Baker,Jr.,FirstInternationalHFGWConference,TheMITRECorporation,PaperHFGW-03-101.(2003)[6]L.P.Grishchuk,ibid,PaperHFGW-03-119.(2003)[7]G.V.Stephenson,ibid,PaperHFGW-03-104.(2003)[8]L.P.Grishchuk,gr-qc/0305051,gr-qc/0504018[9]A.M.Cruise,Class.QuantumGrav.17(2000),2525A.M.CruiseandR.M.J.Ingley,Class.Quantumrav.22(2005),s479.[10]A.Chincarinietal.,FirstInternationalHFGWConference,TheMITRECorporation,PaperHFGW-03-103.(2003).8[11]U.H.Gerlach,Phys.Rev.D46,(1992),1239[12]W.K.Logietal.,Phys.Rev.D16,(1977),2915[13]M.V.MitskienichandA.I.Nesterov,Gen.RelativGravit.27,361(1995).[14]F.Y.Li,M.X.Tang,andD.P.Shi,Phys.Rev.D67,104008(2003)[15]F.Y.Li,R.M.L.Baker,ZhenyunFang,G.V.Stephenson,Z.Y.Chen，Eur.Phys.J.C(2008)56,407–423(2008)[16]M.L.Tong,Y.Zhang,andF.Y.Li,Phys.Rev.D78,024041(2008)[17]F.Y.Li,M.X.Tang,andD.P.Shi,2003inHigh-FrequencyGravitationalWaveConference,theMITRECorporation,Mclean,Virginia,USA,PaperHFGW-03-108.[18]I.Osborne,etalScience296,1417(2002).[19]C.Serife,Science305,464(2004).[20]M.LivioandM.J.Rees,Science309,1022(2005).[21]C.J.Hogan,AmericanScientist90,420(2002).[22]F.Y.Li,M.X.Tang,IJMPD11,1049(2002)9[23]G.Veneziano,Sci.Am.(Int.Ed.),290,30(2004).[24]G.S.B.KoganandV.R.Rudenko,Class.QuantumGrav.21,3347(2004).[25]M.GasperiniandG.Veneziano,PhysicsReports373,1(2003).[26]W.J.Wen,etal.Phys.Rev.Lett.89,223901(2002).[27]L.Zhou,etal.Appl.Phys.Lett.82,1012(2003).[28]W.J.Wen,Privatecommunication,(2007).[29]P.Chen,ResonantPhoton-GravitonConversioninEMFields:FormEarthtoHeaven,StanfordLinearAcceleratorCenter-PUB-6666(September,1994)[30]D.I.Schuster,etal.,cond-mat/0608639(2006).[31]K.Yamarnoto,etal.,hep-ph/0101200(2001).[32]F.Y.Li,andR.M.L.Baker,Jr,In.JournalofModernPhysicsB21,3274(2007)[33]LiJin,F.Y.Li,Y.H.Zhong,ChinesePhysicsB,18,30922(2