搜索
2012年高考英语语法辅导定语从句的基础知识如何辨别考题中的定语从句定语从句方法。定义：复合句中，修饰、限定后面名词和代词的从句，相当于一个形容词，在句子中起定语作用概念:Heistheboywhooftengoestoschoollate.先行词关系词定语从句原则：a.定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词，翻译成“……的”；b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导；c.关系词在定语从句中充当一种句子成分。关系词关系代词：that,who,whom,whose,which,as关系副词：when,where,why关系代词关系副词起连词作用，本身又作从句中的主语、宾语、表语或定语即起连接作用，本身又在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语who,whom(…的人）whose(某人的…）which(…的东西，指物)that(…的人或物，指物或人）as(象…那样的，和…相同，正如)when(…的时候，修饰时间名词)where(…的地方,修饰场所、方位等名词)why(…的原因；…的理由)形式特点作用能否省略翻译限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句插入成分修饰限定补充解释能不能….的Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句逗号隔开----修饰名词Thisisabook.Thisismybook.Thisisaninterestingbook.词----定语----名词前（前置）Thisisabook.Ilikethebook.这是我喜欢的书。ThisisthebookIlikethebook.首选我啊that我喜欢我昨天买的书。IlikethebookthatthebookIboughtyesterday.that----关系代词----连接定语从句----代替从句中的宾语我昨天买的书很有趣。Thebookisinteresting.Iboughtthebookyesterday.ThebookIboughtthatthebook这是我放进嘴里的那根手指头。Thisisthefinger.Iputthefingerintomymouth.ThisisthefingerIputthatthefinger你干刚才见到的那个人是我们的物理教师。Themanisourphysicsteacher.Youmetthemanjustnow.Themanyoumetthatthemanyesterdayisinteresting.intomymouth.justnowisourphysicsteacher.那个教他们英语的老师是Tom的父亲。TheteacherteachesthemEnglish.TheteacherisTom’sfather.Theteachertheteacherthat那个站在教室前面的男孩是Tom.TheboyisTom.thatthat----关系代词----连接定语从句----代替从句中的主语teachesthemEnglishisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroomtheboyisTom’sfather.他告诉我的消息是真的。Thenewshetoldmethenewsthat他们住的房子很小。Thehousetheyliveinthehousethat关系代词that主语、宾语人、物who主语、宾语人whom人宾语which主语、宾语物小结istrue.issmall.句子----定语----名词后（后置）Whose---关系代词---连接定语从句---代替从句中的定语Helivedinthehousewhosewindowsfacesouth.人的、物的1.who/whom/that作宾语可省略2.如介词提前只能用whom不能用who且不能省略Theman(whom/who/that)IspoketoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomIspokeisProfessorLi.towho/thatThisisthemountain(that/which)Itoldyouabout.1.that/which指物，作宾语可省略Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?fromthat2.介词提前时只能用which不能用that且不能省略。Ivisitedthefactorylastyear.这是我去年参观的工厂。ThisisthefactoryIvisitedthefactorythatIworkedthefactorylastyear.错Iworkedinthefactorylastyear.这是我去年工作的工厂。ThisisthefactoryIworkedinThisisthefactoryIworkedlastyear.where这是他住的房子。Thisisthehousethathelivesin.Thisisthehousewherehelives.thefactorythatlastyear.lastyear.IjoinedtheLeagueonJune1.我仍然记得（我）入团的那一天。IstillrememberthedayIjoinedtheLeague.whenIstillrememberthedayImethim.when我仍然记得见到他的那一天。我忘不了我们一起度过的那段时光。1.Iwillneverforgetthetime____wespenttogether.我忘不了我们一起工作的那段时光。2.Iwillneverforgetthetime_____weworkedtogether.(A.thatB.whichC.when)thatwhenthetimeduringthetime这是他们去年建的旅馆。Thisisthehoteltheybuiltlastyear.that这是他们去年住的旅馆。Thisisthehoteltheystayedatlastyear.that(A.whichB.thatC.where)Thisisthehoteltheystayedlastyear.whereHewentbacktothetownhewasborn.whereTheplacewespentourholidayswasreallybeautiful.where他回到出生的城镇。我们度假的地方很美。小结when----连接定语从句----代替从句中的时间状语where---连接定语从句----代替从句中的地点状语why----连接定语从句----代替从句中的原因状语Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.which有时代替的是整个句子的意思，放在主句后面。Hecamelate,whichmadethemanagerveryangry.as可代表整个句子的意思。可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。Hestudiesveryhard,asweallknow.Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.关系副词唯“我”独尊thatYoumustdoeverything_______Ido.1)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,everything,something,nothing,anything等。2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。3)先行词被theonly,thevery修饰。4)先行词既有人又有物。Ihavelostthepen,______Ilikedverymuch.非“我”莫属which1)非限定性定语从句一般用逗号把主，从句分开。2)介词后面。Thisisourschool,infrontofwhichgrowmanytrees.1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2Isthereanythingelse_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that5.Isoxygentheonlygas___helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98’)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that介词+关系代词1.指人:_____指物:______2.选择恰当的介词whomwhichFillintheblankswithproperprepositions:1.Thestudent________whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.2.I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.3.Whocangivemethereason______whichhehasn’tarrivedyet?aboutonfortalkaboutonthedayforthereason1.介词与定语从句中的动词词成搭配2.介词与先行词形成搭配1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell（井）?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom3.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.inwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhich4.Alecaskedthepoliceman___heworkedtocontacthimwhentherewasanaccident.(上海02’)A.withhimB.whoC.withwhomD.whom1.Haveyouvisitedthehouse______thefamouswriterwasborn.A.inthatB.whereC.whenD.onwhich2.Doyoustillremembertheday________wefirstmet?A.thatB.onthatC.whereD.when3.Ishallneverforgetthosedays_____Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers.(上海94’)A.that.B.when.C.which.D.when.一、正确选择定语从句的引导词1、关系代词和关系副词的基本用法从句中作主语、宾语、定语that,which,who,whom,whose,as---关系代词从句中作状语（时间、地点、原因）when,where,why---关系副词2、以that引导的定语从句二、考查非限制性定语从句及which在非限制性定语从句中的应用(1)Theweatherturnedouttobegood,_____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.itC.whichD.th