搜索
定语从句(attributiveclause)定义：修饰句中的某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，在句中作定语用。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,thatTheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledJack.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.•当先行词指“人”时，在定语从句中作主语时，关系代词用who/that•Girlswhoworkinrestaurantsarecalledwaitresses.ThegirlwhomwemetyesterdayisLiLei’ssister.HeisthemanwhomIvisitedlastweek.•当先行词指“人”时，在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词用whom.•ThemanwhomItelephonedisout.MissSmithistheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.Harryistheboywhosemotherisourmathsteacher.•当先行词指“人”或“物”时，在定语从句中作定语，表示“谁的”，关系代词用whose•ThisisMrSnowwhosewifeworksatadepartmentstore.Theyplantedthetreeswhichdon’tneedmuchwater.Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.•当先行词指“物”时，在定语从句中可以作主语，也可以作宾语，关系代词用which/that•Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.•先行词既可指“人”，也可指“物”，多指“物”，关系代词用that.指“物”时，和which用法差不多•但在下列情况下，一般须用that.•1）当先行词为all,everything,something,nothing,little,much,very,last,few,any,only等不定代词时，只能用that•Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?•That’sall(that)Iknow.•TheonlythingthatIwanttodoistohavearest.2）当先行词为序数词所修饰时，关系代词用that•Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.•Thelastplacethatwevisitedwasthedairyfarm.3）先行词为形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词用thatThisisthebestwaythatcansolvetheproblem.ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen.4）先行词既有“人”又有“物”时，关系代词用thatLookatthemanandhismonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet.Theathletetowhomyoutalkedisafamousrunner.MrReadistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.•关系代词whom,which在从句中作介词宾语时，介词可以放在先行词和从句之间•ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMrLi.Isthiswatchwhichheislookingfor?Theoldmanwhomthenursesarelookingafterisverywellnow.含有介词的动词短语，介词一般仍放在动词的后面，不分开Tomcameback,whichmadeushappy.Isaidnothing,whichmadehimveryangry.•引导非限制性定语从句时，which可代表前句，译成“这一点，这件事”定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句时句中不可缺少的组成部分，主从句之间不能用逗号隔开。而非限制性定语从句则用逗号与主句隔开，且去掉时并不影响主句意思。MybrotherwholivesinNewYorkhassixchildren.我住在纽约的那个兄弟有6个孩子。（可能还有其他兄弟）Mybrother,wholivesinNewYork,hassixchildren.我弟弟有6个孩子，他住在纽约。（只有这一个兄弟）引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why•when指时间，在定语从句中作状语，也可用onwhich代替DoyourememberthedaywhenIfirstcometotheschool?Idon’trememberthedaywhen/onwhichheleft.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，也可由inwhich代替Iliveinavillagewherethereisasmallriver.That’stheplacewhere/inwhichhewasborn.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于forwhichPleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedthephone.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.