定语从句-全解

1定语从句-全解I.定义：定语是修饰名词或代词的成分,定语可由单词、短语来充当。当用一个句子来充当名词或代词的修饰语时，这种起定语作用的句子就被称为定语从句。Theyhaveacleverson.Doyouknowthemanoverthere?Iknowthemanwhowrotethebook.II.要点：1．定语从句的前面都有先行词（被修饰语）Thisistheboywhomwearelookingfor2．定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后3．先行词与定语从句之间要有关系词（有时可省略）4．关系词在定语从句中充当某一成分Thegirlwhoisstandingunderthetreeismysister.Themanwhomyouwanttoseehascome.III.关系词基本用法主格宾格所有格人whowhomwhose物whichwhichofwhich但that一般可用来代替who,whom,which,作宾格时可省略Doyouremembertheteacherthat/whotaughtusEnglish?Abookstoreisastorethat/whichsellsbooks.Theman(that/whom/who)youknowisafamousprofessor.A)that不能用来替代who,whom,which的两种情况1）“介词+whom/which”的结构中，不能用thatSheisagoodstudentfromwhomweshouldlearn.2)在非限制性定语从句中，逗号后面不能用thatShesanganewsong,whichwelikeverymuch.注意：非限制性定语从句的关系代词不能省略B)用that不用which的一些特殊情况1)先行词为all,much,little,something,anything,everything,nothing等Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyou?2)先行词前有形容词最高级修饰ThisisthemostexcitingreportthatIhaveeverread.3)先行词前有first,last,next,only,very,all,any等词修饰Thefirststep(that)wearetotakeisverydifficult.4)先行词同时含有“人”和“非人”时，用that不用which，也不用who/whomHetalkedaboutthepeopleandthebooksthatinterestedhim.2C)关系副词when,where,why用关系副词when时，它的先行词是表示时间的名词，用where时先行词是表示地点的名词，而用why时它的先行词只可能是reason，使用时应注意以下几点：1）关系代词的选择主要是看先行词在从句中所作的成分ThisisthecitywhereIwasborn.Thisisthecity(which/that)hehasvisitedIdon’tknowthereasonwhysheislate.Thatisthereason(which/that)everybodyknowsDoyoustillrememberthedaywhenhearrived?Doyoustillremembertheday(that/which)wespenttogether?2）关系副词when,where,why可由“介词+which”的结构来替代Isthisthereasonforwhichtheycame?HeleftthedayonwhichIcame.注意：how不能用来引导定语从句Thisisthewayhowhedidit.D)As作关系代词的用法与thesame,such连用ThisisthesamebookasIreadlastweek.SuchbooksasIhavereadareclassicalworks.练习：1.Thebook______isyellowwasgiventomebyMr.Li.A)it’scoverC)whosecoverB)itscoverD)thecoverofthat2.Whowasthegrey-hairedoldwoman______atyesterday’smeeting?A)wesawherC)wesawB)wesawwhomD)shewasseen3.Hemakesgooduseofthetime______hecanspare.A)whenC)thatB)inthatD)inwhich4.Idon’tknowtheroom______A)whereourheadmasterlivesinB)ourheadmasterlivesinC)inthatourheadmasterlivesD)inwhichdoesourheadmasterlive5.Thisistheleastinterestingbook______A)whichIhaveeverreadC)whatIhaveeverreadB)IhaveeverreadD)whichIhaveeverread6.Youmustdoeverything_____Ihavetoldyouto.A)whichB)thatC)whenD)how7.Hasall_____canbedone_____?A)what/doneC)that/beendone3B)that/bedoneD)what/alreadydone8.Oct.1,1949istheday_____evenasmallchildcanwellremember.A)whenB)thatC)whatD)why9.Thatwastheroom______theypretendedtobeworkinghard.A)whichB)inthatC)inwhichD)that10.Thisisthereason______Ilovetoreadthestory.A)WhyB)becauseC)whenD)since11.Shehadthreesons,all______becamedoctors.A)ofwhichB)whichC)ofwhomD)who12.Haveyouboughtthesamedictionary______Ireferredtoyesterday?A)thatB)whichC)whatD)as13.Thedoctor______steppedin.A)DellawaswaitingforhimB)whomDellawaswaitingC)DellawaswaitingforD)whoDellawaswaiting14.Iwanttobuysuchadictionary_____youboughtlastweek.A)thatB)whatC)likeD)as15.ThisistheTVstation______wevisitedlastyear.A)WhereB)thatC)towhichD)inwhich16.Doyoustillrememberthedays______wespenttogetherinAustralia?A)whenB)duringwhichC)whichD)onwhich17.Haveyoueveraskedhimthereason_____mayexplainhisabsence?A)whyB)whenC)thatD)what18.MaryisgoodatEnglishandmathematics,______weallknowverywellinourschool.A)thatB)whatC)/D)as19.Let’sgoandvisitMr.Brown,______youknowvisiteduslastyear.A)thatB)whoC)whomD)whose20.Sheispleasedwith______youhavegivenherand______youhavetoldher.A)that/thatB)what/thatC)what/allwhatD)all/what21.I,who____yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyou.A)beB)amC)areD)is22.I’llrememberthedaysandnights______weweretogetherinAustralia.A)whenB)thatC)atwhichD)atwhen23.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.A)inthatweliveC)onwhichweliveB)whereweliveinD)welivein24.Thisisthemostdifficultbook______.A)whatIhaveeverreadC)whichIhaveeverreadB)IhaveeverreaditD)thatIhaveeverread25.Therecomesatimeineveryman’slife______.A)thenhehastothinkC)whenhehastothinkB)thereforehehastothinkD)aboutwhichhehastothink26.Hespokeconfidently,_____impressedmemost.4A)sothatB)thatC)itD)which27.Hetookdownasquaregreenbottle,_____hepouredintoadish.A)itscontentB)whichcontentC)thecontentofwhichD)thecontentofthat28.Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner_____shehadpromisedus.A)thatB)whichC)asD)what29.All_____isacontinuoussupplyofthebasicnecessitiesoflife.A)whatisneededB)forourneedsC)thethingneededD)thatisneeded30.Thegoals_____hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.A)afterwhichB)forwhichC)withwhichD)atwhich31.Thetimeisnotfaraway_____moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChina’svastcountryside.A)whenB)asC)untilD)before32.Theresidents,_____hadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.A)allwhosehomesB)alltheirhomesC)allofwhosehomesD)alloftheirhomes33.Languageisacity,tothebuildingof_____everyhumanbeingbroughtastone.A)whichB)thatC)itD)this34.Youwillwanttwotreesabouttenfeetapart,from_____tosuspendyourtent.A)thereB)themC)whereD)which35.Themerefact_____mostpeoplebelievenuclearwarwouldbemadnessdoesnotmeanthatitwillnotoccur.A)whatB)whichC)thatD)why36.Thecoursenormallyattracts20studentsperyear,_____uptoha