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1/22精锐教育1对3辅导讲义学学员姓名：学科教师：年级：九升高一辅导科目：英语授课日期时间A/B/C/D/E/F段主题定语从句的基本概念及关系代词的用法学习目标1.掌握定语从句概念；2.熟练关系代词。教学内容1、上次课后巩固作业复习；2、互动探索此环节设计时间在15分钟。教学建议1：引导学生回顾复习上次课内容。提问什么是定语从句，定语从句与简单句及并列句的比较。让学生做简单自我介绍，并使用至少一句定语从句，同学可以相互讨论。Hehastwosons,neitherofwhomlivesinShanghai.Hehastwosons,andneitherofthemlivesinShanghai.I'vegottwosisters.BothofthemareinShanghai.第一个句子为定语从句，关系代词whom指代twosons,在定语从名中介词of的宾语。第二个句子为并列结构，由并列连词and连接，人称代词them指代twosons。第三个为两个独立的句子，两个句子中间用句号，两句开头的处一个字母都大写。教学建议2：让三个学生分别找出句子中的定语从句并阐述自己对句子的理解，翻译句子。Famoussayings1.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.2.Allisnotgoldthatglitters.3.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.4.Opportunityandluckalwaysshowsappreciationforthosewhoareboldinstruggling.2/225.Thosewhomakemostpeoplehappyarethehappiestintheworld.keys：谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好。闪闪发光者，未必皆黄金。自助者天助。机遇和幸运总是垂青勇于奋斗的人。能使大多数人幸福的人是世界上最幸福的人。此环节教案预期时间60分钟教学建议：建议老师采取提问的方式，或者采取先练习再讲解的方式，了解学生掌握情况，然后针对知识点进行强调。简单介绍定语从句重难点，并提出本节课重点定语从句概念，及关系代词的用法。知识点1：定语从句的定义【知识梳理1】a、定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。b、定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句，即，一个句子充当定语。备注：学生结合图理解上面两句话，可以让学生对定语从句的构成有个大致的了解，学生的注意力会慢慢的转向定语从句的构成，如先行词、连词和从句。c、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。如上面例句和图中的theteam，theman。d、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。3/22关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词：where,when,whyEg:[Sheistheverybeautifulgirl][thatIlovebest.]e、限定性与非限定性定语从句1.限定性定语从句---是不可去掉的定语从句。如果没有它，主句的意思就不完整。在这种复合句中，主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开。Thebook(which/that)Ineedisnotinthelibrary.我需要的那本书不在图书馆里。2.非限定性定语从句—-是可以去掉的定语从句，去掉后句子的意思仍然完整。主句和从句之间用逗号隔开，从句附加说明先行词。LaoWang’sperformance,whichboredeveryone,wentonandon.总结：that不用于引导非限定性定语从句。课堂练习：把下列每对句子连成一个定语从句。Theplaceisveryattractive.Wevisitedtheplacelastweek.Thisisoneofthebooks.ThebookswerewrittenbyLuXun.Ourenvironmentispollutedbythewastematerial.Thewastematerialispouredintotheairandwaterbythechemicalworks.Theshipwassunktothebottomofthesea.Theshipwasattackedbythepirates.Thehousesweredestroyedintheearthquake.Thehouseswerebuiltmorethan30yearsago.【知识梳理2】关系词的用法词形先行词充当从句的Who人主，宾，表关系词4/22关系代词Whom人宾Which物主，宾，That人或物主，宾，表As人或物主，宾，表Whose(=ofwhomorofwhich人或物定关系副词When(=inetc.+which)时间词状Where地点词状Why=(forwhich)reason状That在口语中可以替代关系副词状做定语从句口诀：三步走①找先行词（先行词一般是名词和代词）②定语从句中缺什么成分，就补什么成分（此成分要看先行词在定语从句中所起的作用是什么，请看上表）③把先行词带入定语从句中，看先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分是什么，或搭配什么介词【例题精讲】教学建议：这部分是warmingupexercises，让学生了解什么是定语从句，及定语从句总的做题思路。1.Icanthinkofmanycases_______studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where【参考答案】D【思路解析】从句不缺成分，把先行词manycases带入定语从句中inmanycases,应该是做地点状语，因此选D，或inwhich。2.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom【参考答案】D【思路解析】把先行词someone带入定语从句中theycantalkfrequentlywithsomeone，因此选D。3.Inanhour,wecantraveltoplaces_____wouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what【参考答案】D5/22【思路解析】定语从句缺少主语，先行词places，是物因此选C。注意不能看表示地点的先行词就直接选地点状语where。4.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it【参考答案】A【思路解析】定语从句缺少主语，先行词是一句话，表示一件事，因此选C。5.Wewentthroughaperiod______communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.whatB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich【参考答案】C【思路解析】把先行词period带入定语从句中communicationswereverydifficultinaperiod，因此选C。难点很多学生不认识period或该单词的搭配。【巩固练习】填写下表，在相应出划√关系代词指人指物subject(主语)object(宾语)attribute（定语）That√√√√Which√√√Who√√√Whom√√whose√√√用适当的关系代词填空。1)Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,fiveof______arewomen.2)Heistheonlyperson______Iwanttotalkto.3)Thebank______wasopenedlastweekisaverymodernone.4)Mr.Smith,______isasurgeon,isnowinSwedenasavisitingscholar.5)Theaudience,mostof______werecollegestudents,enjoyedtheconcert.6/226)Thegentleman____________youtoldmeaboutyesterdayprovedtobeathief.7)Isthisthereason___________heexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?8)Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace___________，justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.9)TheUnitedStatesismadeupoffiftystates,oneof___________isseparatedfromtheothersbythePacifica)Ocean.10)Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcentre,___________isalwaysbusyattheweekend.11)Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewasall___________kepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.12)Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,without___________therewon'tbemuchwork.13)Samuelsurvivedwhenthecar___________hewasapassengerinturnedofftheroadandhitatree.14)Theresultofthestudyindicatedthat.itwasthetypeoffat__________madethedifference.15)Sailingacrosstheoceanalonewasanachievement___________tookcourage.16)Alecaskedthepolicemanwith___________heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.17)Icanthinkofmanycases___________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.18)Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeonewith___________theycantalkfrequently.19)Inanhour,wecantraveltoplaces________wouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach.20)Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,_______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.Keys:whomthatwhich/thatwhowhomwhom/that;whose;that/whichwhich;which;that;which;that/which;that;which/that;whom;whom;which/that;which;【知识梳理3】表示所有格：whose(既表示人的所有也表示物的所有)1表示人的所有eg:Thegirlwhosefatherisamodelworkeri