final Outline ppt

TopicFiveHowtoWriteaThesisOutlineOutline•DefinitionAnoutlineisanorderlyplan,inwriting,showingthedivisionandarrangementofideas.Outline•PurposeConstructanorderedoverviewofyourwritingTohelpthewriterorganizetheirthoughts.Toguidetheoverallwritingsequence.TopresentyourmaterialsinalogicalformToillustratetherelationshipsofthemainpartsofthepaper.OutlineTypes(p.53)TopicoutlineSentenceoutlineParagraphFormats(p.56)Number-lettersequenceDecimaloutlineA.StandardOutlineSymbolsRomanNumber-Letter-ArabicNumeralNotation)Ⅰ.A.1.a.(1)(a)(b)(2)b.2.B.Ⅱ.B.DecimalOutlineSymbols1.1.11.1.11.1.1.11.1.1.21.1.1.2.11.1.1.2.21.1.21.2PrinciplesofaFormalOutlineA.FullCoverageB.LogicalDivisionC.ParallelConstructionforParallelLevelsD.ClearandInformativeHeadingsE.ItemsRelevanttoPurposeF.LogicalSequenceofTopics1.Thetopicsshouldbeorganizedinalogicalorder,2.Eachdivisionmusthaveatleasttwoparts.3.Keeppartsorsubpartsofequalrankatthesamelevel.4.Eachsuccessivelevelisadivisionoftheimmediatelyprecedinglevel.◆ReasonsForandAgainst;◆Problem-Causes-Solution;◆CauseandEffect;◆Comparison-Contrast;◆DeductiveorInductiveSequence;◆SimpletoComplex;◆ChronologicalSequence;◆SpatialSequence,etc.THANKYOU!AnalyzingYourAudienceIstheinformationgearedtowardstheaudience’sleveloflanguage?-Isthelanguageappropriatefortheaudience,isittechnical?-Explainthelanguageifyouuseunfamiliarterms,oraparticularterminanunfamiliarway.-Youmustexplain'acronyms.'AnalyzingYourAudience2.Demographics:statisticalinformationaboutgroupsofpeople.age,gender,occupation,educationalbackgroundsocial-economicstatusreligion,ethnicorculturalbackgroundpoliticalbackgroundAnalyzingYourAudience3.ComposingMessagesSuitedfortheAudienceShortsentences15-20wordstoachieveyourcompletethought.Forareceptiveaudience:Focusonconclusionsandrecommendations.AnalyzingYourAudience(1)2+2=4approach:•Introduction•Reason#1(forsupport)•Reason#2(forsupport)•Recommendations,andhowitwillbeimplemented•SummaryForskepticalaudience:Focusonlogicalarguments.AnalyzingYourAudience(2)ScientificMethod:Alogicalstepbystepsetofprocedures.(3)Yardstickapproach:BasedoncriteriaSupportingYourPointsYouwillbeamorecrediblespeakerifyouusethesetoolstosupportyourclaim/s.AlwaysrememberthatvisualaidesARENOTtypesofsupportingmaterial.SupportingYourPointsfactsandfigures:thesearestatementsandverifiableunitsofinformation.descriptivestatistics:theseexplainthingsintermsofsizeordistribution.statementsbyauthority:thisletsyouborrowthecredibilityoftheexpert.SupportingYourPointsnarratives:thisisanexampleintheformofastory.definitions–logical,etymological.humor:aneffectivewaytobuildcredibility.Butrememberonlytousehumoratappropriatesituationsduringthespeech.SupportingYourPointsLogic,testimony,statistics,andfactsaretheonlysupportthatcanprove.Fourpurposesofsupportingmaterial-clarify-makeinteresting-makememorable-proveOutliningYourPointsOutliningyourpointswillhelpyouseekeywordseasier,itwillalsoletyouaddtoyournotesatthelastminutewithoutcrowdinganditwillallowyourspeechtoflownaturally.OutliningYourPointsTopicCohesion:Whenoutliningmainandsupportingpoints,makesurethatallofthemsupportthegoalandpurposeofthespeech.OutliningYourPointsOrganizationalPatterns:-Topical-thisiswhenyouhaveseveralideastopresentandoneideaseemsnaturallytoproceedtheother.-Chronological-thisusestimesequenceforaframework.OutliningYourPoints-Spatial-thisorganizesmaterialaccordingtophysicalspace.-Classification-putsthingsintocategories.-Problem/Solution-thisisusedmostlyforpersuasivespeeches.-Cause/Effect-canbeusedforpersuasivespeeches.OutliningYourPointsIntroductionsandConclusionsReasonstouseanintroduction-getstheaudience'sattention-introducesthetopic-showsthetopic'simportance-presentsthethesis-forecaststhemajorideasOutliningYourPointsWhataconclusionshoulddo:-informtheaudiencethatyouareabouttoclose-summarizethemajorideas-leavetheaudiencewithanideatorememberUsingVisualAidsTogiveyouraudiencedirectsensorycontactwithyourspeechusingvisualaid.UsingVisualAids1.WhyuseVisualAids?Enhanceunderstandingofthetopic.Addauthenticity.Addvariety.Helpyourspeechhavelastingimpact.Helpthespeakerbuildethos(speakercharactercredibility).UsingVisualAids2.UsingyourVisualAidsuccessfully:Practice.MakesureVisualAidisintegratedintoyourspeech.PlanplacementofVisualAidpriortothespeechChecktoseethatyourelectronicequipmentisrunning,andthatyouknowhowtoproperlyoperateit.UsingVisualAidsDonotdisplayituntilyouarereadytouseit.Whenfinishedwithitremove,orcoverit.Donotstanddirectlyinfrontofit,standtothesideandfacetheaudienceasmuchaspossible.UsingVisualAidsWhenreferringtotheVisualAid,point,don'tleaveyouraudiencesearching.Donotdistributematerialsduringyourspeech.Ifyouhavepreparedhandouts,distributethembeforeorafteryouspeak.PresentingYourSpeech1.GuidelinesforEffectiveDeliverybenaturalbelivelybeappropriatepairdeliveryandmessagePresentingYourSpeech2.SevenguidelinesforethicalspeechanddeliveryincommunicationUnderstandthepowerofthelectern.Beinginfrontofpeoplegivesyouacertainamountofcredibility.Speaktruthfullyandbesureofyourfacts.B