语法互动(十四)连词和状语从句语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句中考要求1.掌握并列连词的基本用法。如:and,but,or,so等。2.掌握常用从属连词的基本用法。如:when,after,before,assoonas,because,if等。3.掌握状语从句的构成和用法。1.表示并列关系的:and(和;同;与),both…and…(……和……都),notonly…butalso…(不仅……而且……),aswellas(而且,还,又),neither…nor…(既不……也不……)。HelikesdrawingandIlikedancing.他喜欢画画,我喜欢跳舞。______hisfather______hismother______watchingTV.他的父母都喜欢看电视。_________you______I______wrong.你和我都没有错。TomaswellasIwalkstoschooleveryday.汤姆和我每天步行去上学。[注意]aswellas连接的并列结构在句中作主语时,谓语动词应与aswellas前面的主语在数上保持一致;而notonly…butalso…和neither…nor…则遵循“就近原则”。Bothand语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句考点一并列连词likeNeithernoram语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句2.表示选择关系的:or(或;或者;还是;否则;不然),either…or…(或者……或者……;不是……就是……),not…but…(不是……而是……)。Idon'tlikebeeformutton.我不喜欢牛肉和羊肉。Workhard,________youwillfallbehind.努力学习,否则你会落后。Eitheryouorheisgoingtodosomeshoppingthisafternoon.今天下午或者你或者他去购物。[注意]用either…or…连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。or3.表示转折关系的:but(但;但是;可是),while(然而)。Shewasverytired,________shekeptworkingtillmidnight.她虽然很累,但是她一直工作到半夜。He'saworker________hiswifeisadoctor.他是一名工人而他的妻子是一位医生。4.表示因果关系的:because(因为),so(所以)。Hegotuplate,________hedidn'tcatchtheearlybus.他起床晚了,所以没赶上早班车。butsowhile语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句1.时间状语从句。引导词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,not…until…,assoonas。I'llringyouassoonasIreachBeijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。Theydidn'tstopuntiltheyfinishedthework.他们直到完成工作才停下来。Whenhecomesback,I'llgiveyouacall.他回来时,我会给你打电话的。2.原因状语从句。引导词有because,since,as。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.我没去,因为我害怕。Sinceyouarefreetoday,you'dbettertakeagoodrest.既然你今天有空,你最好好好休息。语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句考点二从属连词引导状语从句3.条件状语从句。引导词有if,unless。Ifitrains,I'llgobycar.如果下雨,我就乘小汽车去。Youcannotsucceedunlessyouworkhard.如果你不努力,你是不会成功的。4.结果状语从句。引导词有so…that,such…that。Itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'tseetheroad.雨下得如此大,以至于我们看不见路。5.让步状语从句。引导词有though,eventhough/if,although,“nomatter+疑问词”。Eventhough/ifyousayso,Idonotbelieveit.即使你这么说,我也不信。语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句6.目的状语从句。引导词有sothat,inorderthat。IneedtogetupearlysothatIcancatchtheearlybus.我需要早起,以便赶上早班车。7.方式状语从句。引导词有asif,asthough,as。Thechildtalkedtousasifhewereagrownup.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。8.地点状语从句。引导词有where,wherever。Whereverhegoes,healwaysbringshispetdog.无论他去哪里,他总是带着他的宠物狗。9.比较状语从句。引导词有than,as…as,notas/so…as。CarolspeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列两种情况:(1)主现从现:若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。Becarefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.过马路时要小心。Thetrafficmuststopwhenthelights____________.当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下来。语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句考点三主句与从句时态一致的问题turn/arered(2)主将从现:主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时。IwillvisitmygoodfriendwhenI______time.当我有空时,我将去看望我的好友。Ifshe______heretomorrow,Iwillgototheparkwithher.如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句havecomes(3)宾语从句和状语从句同时出现。Idon'tknowif(是否)hewillcome.If(如果)hecomes,Iwilltellhimabouttheaccident.我不知道他是否会来。如果他来的话,我将告诉他这起事故。Idon'tknowwhen(什么时候)hewillcometomorrow.When(当……的时候)hecomes,Iwilltellhimaboutthenews.我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时,我将告诉他这个消息。(4)过去时态:若主从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。MymotherwascookingwhenIgothomeyesterday.昨天我到家时妈妈正在做饭。语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子1.《功夫熊猫》如此精彩,以至于许多孩子都喜欢看。ThemovieKungfuPandais________wonderful________manychildrenenjoywatchingit.2.吸烟会让他的病情加重,除非他立即戒烟。Smokingwillmakehisillnessworse________he________________smokingatonce.考点过关sothatunlessgivesup语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句3.父亲和我都喜欢看篮球比赛。________myfather________Ilovewatchingbasketballmatches.4.上周六,汤姆和玛丽都没有和我们一起去看电影。________Tom________MarywenttothemovieswithuslastSaturday.5.我一收到你的来信就会打电话给你。I________callyouup________________________Ihearfromyou.BothandNeithernorwillsoonasas语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句Ⅱ.单项填空1.Youhavecoughedforseveraldays,Bill.Stopsmoking,________you'llgetbettersoon.A.butB.afterC.orD.and2.________Lily________Lucyisgoingwithyou,becauseoneofthemmuststayathome.A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Either;orDD语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句3.Youwillfailtheexam________youworkhard.A.unlessB.onceC.sinceD.after4.—Ringmeup________youcometomyhouse,willyou?—Sure,Iwill.A.thoughB.whileC.beforeD.until5.Itoldhimthenews________hecamebackyesterday.A.untilB.assoonasC.unlessAC语法互动(十四)┃连词和状语从句B附录动词不规则变化表附录1)A—A—A型(原形、过去式和过去分词同形,保持不变)动词原形过去式过去分词意思costcostcost花费cutcutcut割,切hithithit打putputput放下read#readread读hurthurthurt受伤letletlet让#“read”的“过去式”和“过去分词”的读音和动词原形的不同。2)A—A—B型(原形和过去式同形)附录动词原形过去式过去分词意思beatbeatbeaten打3)A—B—A型(原形和过去分词同形)动词原形过去式过去分词意思comecamecome来到becomebecamebecome变runranrun跑overcomeovercameovercome征服,打败4)A—B—B型(过去式与过去分词同形)分为以下情形:①在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t。动词原形过去式过去分词意思burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant含义是hearheardheard听见附录②把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”。动词原形过去式过去分词意思buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借sendsentsent传送spendspentspent花费附录③其他不规则的各种变化。动词原形过去式过去分词意思paypaidpaid付钱laylaidlaid下蛋saysaidsaid说bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought战斗thinkthoughtthought思考sleepsleptslept睡觉feelfeltfelt觉得keepkeptkept保持sweepsweptswept扫standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood理解附录winwonwon胜利catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教findfoundfound发现getgotgot得到holdheldheld握leaveleftleft离开makemademade制造meetmetmet遇见shootshotshot射击digdugdug挖smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅,闻shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光sitsatsat坐下havehadhad有附录5)A—B—C型(三词不同形)分为以下情形:①在动词原形后加-n或-en