八年级英语瞬间动词与延续性动词

现在完成时中的瞬间动词与延续性动词完成时中，肯定句，疑问句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词1）I‘velivedheresince1990.(自从1990年以来我就住在这里)=I'velivedherefor21years.2）MrWanghasworkedinthefactorysincehecametothecity．(自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作)注意：在这类句子的肯定句和疑问句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词。短暂性动词由于动作不能持续，故不能与for或since引出的时间状语连用。但是Ihaven'tseenhimforthreeyears．我三年没有看见他了瞬间动词•表示动作的完成只是在瞬间，并不能持续一段时间，这样的动词便是瞬间动词。•常见瞬间动词：die,borrow,buy,getup,come,leave,finish,open,close,getto,reach,join•这些动词不能用在完成时中与段时间状语（since、for）连用。延续性动词•也叫可持续性动词。表示动作的完成可以持续一段时间。•常见的延续性动词：work,live,stay,teach,study,run,read,write等。•TheyhavestudiedEnglishfor8years.•1.Hehasdiedforthreeyears.•2.Hehasbeendeadforthreeyears.•哪个正确？•句1中die表示的是死这个动作，而死这个动作是非延续的，不可能持续三年；而句2中用bedead这个表示状态的，将非延续性动词进行了转化。•结论：非延续性动词（即瞬间动词）不能用在完成时中与表示段时间的for……和since……连用，而要进行转化。瞬间动词向延续性动词的转化•短暂性动词延续性动词•die→bedead•borrow→keep/have•buy→have•getup→beup•come→bein•leave→beaway(from)•goout→beout•comeback→beback•finish→beover•Marry----bemarried•open→beopen•close→beclosed•begin/start→beon•begintostudy→study•gettoknow→know•join→bein或beamemberof…•reach•getto→bein+地点•arrivein/at•puton→wear或beon•fallill(asleep)→beill(asleep)•becomeinterestedin→beinterestedin•不要忘记把转换过的动词变为过去分词将下列句子变为现在完成时•1.HegottoBeijingfivedaysago.He_________________Beijingfor____________.•2.Ibecameateacherin2000.•I______________ateacherfor______________.•3.Theshopclosedtwohoursago.•Theshop___________________for_____________.•4.HeleftFuzhoujustnow.•He________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.•5.Theyborroweditlastweek.•They_______________itfor_________________.hasbeeninfivedayshasbeenelevenyearshasbeenclosedtwohourshasbeenawayfromhavehad/keptaweek•III.改错。•1.Hehasborrowedthemagazinefordays.•2.Mr.Lihascometothiscitysince1990.•3.Howlonghashejoinedthearmy?•4.Mybrotherhaslefthomesincehewasonlyfiveyearsold.had/keptbeeninbeeninbeenawayfrom•()1.Herfather______in1990andherhusband______formorethanfiveyears•A.died,deadB.hasdied,dead•C.died,hasbeendeadD.hasdied,hasdied•()2.Ihave_____thisnicewatchfortwoyears•A.hadB.boughtC.borrowedD.lend•()3.He_____hishomefortenyears•A.hasleftB.leftfrom•C.hasbeenawayfromD.wasawayfrom•()4.He_____aleaguememberforthreeyears•A.isB.hasbeen•C.hasbecomeD.havebecome•()5.Hehas_____Quanzhoueversinceheleftschool•A.leftB.beenawayfromC.beenD.away短暂性动词转换为延续性动词•1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.•Theshop________________for_____________.•2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.•Thedoor_____________________forsixhours.•3)HeleftFuzhoujustnow.•He________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.•4)Mygrandpadiedin2001.•Mygrandpa________________for____________.•5)Themeetingfinishedatsix.•Themeeting____________________forsixhours.hasbeenclosedtwohourshasbeenopenhasbeenawayfromhasbeendeadtenyearshasbeenover•6)Theymarriedin1991.•They_____________________since_______.•7)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.•He___________________Beijingfor____________.•8)Iboughtapentwohoursago.•I______________apenfor______________.•9)Theycameherelastweek.•They______________heresince_______________.•10)Ibecameateacherin2000.•I______________ateacherfor______________.havebeenmarried1991hasbeeninfiveminuteshavekepttwohourshavebeenlastweekhavebeenelevenyears•11)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.•Theriver___________dirtyfor__________.•12)Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.•Mybrother_____________in_____________fortwoyears.•13)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.•I________atthisschoolsince____.•14)Theyborroweditlastweek.•They______________itsince________________.•15)Igottoknowhimlastyear.•I______________himsince_______________.•16)Hejoinedtheleaguein2009.•He_____________a______________fortwoyears.•He____________________theLeaguefortwoyears.havetaught1995havekeptlastweekhaveknownlastyearhasbeenleaguememberhasbeeninhasbeenayearhasbeenthearmy划线提问•1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays.•__________________you______________?•2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.•________________yourfather_____________?•3)Helefthereyesterday.•_________________he_________________?•4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.•_____________________they__________abook?•5.Hehasbeentheretwice.(划线提问)•__________________________hebeenthere?HowlonghavebeenthereHowlonghaslivedhereWhendidleavehereWhendidbuyHowmanytimeshas用过去时或现在完成时填空：•1.“_________you__________(have)lunch?”•“Yes.”•“When________you__________(have)it?”•“I____________(have)itat12:00.”•2.“_________you__________(write)alettertoyourauntyet?”•“Yes,I________.I________(write)onelastweek.”•3.“_________he___________(finish)hishomework?”“Notyet.”•4.“_________theyever__________(be)abroad?”“Yes,justonce.”•5.Yourfather_______just________(finish)hiswork.HavehaddidhavehadHavewrittenhavewroteHavebeenhasfinishedHasfinished•6.Yourfather_______(finish)hisworkjustnow.•7.LasttermI_____(learn)manyEnglishwords.•8.They____________(notread)theinterestingbooksyet.•9.“______you______(buy)adictionary?“•“Yes,I__________.”•“Where_______you________(buy)it?”•“I___________(buy)itinabookstore.”“When________you________(buy)it?”“Yesterday.”finishedlearnedhaven’treadHaveboughthavedidbuyboughtdidbuy翻译下列句子：•1.他们已经打扫了教室吗？•2.我们已经认识有二十年了。•3.打那以后，她一直住在这。•4.“你曾经到过那里吗？”•“不，我从来没到过那里。”Havetheycleanedtheclassroomye