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非限定性定语从句引导词•Who,whom,which,whose,when,where,as•1、先行词指人,在句中作主语who:John,whoisonlyfive,hasaninborntalentformusic.(约翰是一外5岁大的孩子,有着天生的音乐才能。)2、先行词指人,在句中作宾语whom:Hiswife,whomyoumetatmyhome,wasateacher.(他的妻子，就是你在我家遇见的那个，是一位老师。)•3、先行词指物,在句中作主语或宾语which:Herhouse,whichwasbuiltahundredyearsago,stoodstillintheearthquake.4、先行词在句中作定语，无论指人或者指物,引导词都用whose:Thegirl,whosenameisKate,isthetopofthestudentsinourschool.Thebook,whosecoverisred,ismine.•5、先行词指物，在句中作时间状语用when：Thesportsmeetingwillbeputofftillnextmonth,whenwewillhavemadeallthepreparations.6、先行词在句中作状语，用where：•ThenextdaywearrivedinNewYork,wherewewereinterviewedontheradio.（第二天我们到达纽约，在那里我们接受了电台的采访。）•7、如果先行词作介词的宾语，先行词指人，介词提前的结构是：介词＋whom；先行词指物，介词提前的结构是：介词＋which:PresidentWilson,withwhomhehadnotthesameintimaterelations,istreatedmuchlesssympathetically.(威尔逊总统与他没有同样的亲密关系，所以就没有被很同情地对待。)TheSecondWorldWar,inwhichmillionsofpeoplewerekilled,endedin1945.(第二次世界大战造成数百万人的死亡，于1945年结束。)8.Theteachingbuildings,mostofwhichwerenotstrongenough,felldown.§Wecanuseall/some/most/both/partof+whom/whichtoexpressacompleteorpartialquantity.•9、as也可以引导定语从句，常与such连用：Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.(象你所描绘的那种人现在已经很少见了。)Let'sdiscussonlysuchquestionsasconcernus.(让我们只讨论那些和我们有关的问题吧。)注意：thesamethat+从句，意思是：正是那一个人或物；thesameas+从句，意思是：就像某个人或物：Heisthesamemanthatyouarelookingfor.(他就是你要找的那个人。)Heisthesamemanasyoumetinthestreet.(他很象你昨天在街上遇见的那个人。实际上并不是那个人。)As和which•两者引导非限制性定语从句时，可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中做主语，宾语或表语，位于主句之后有时可互换。•不同处：as可以放在主句前后，也可插入主句之中；而which引导的非限制性从句只能位于主句之后。•Which引导非限定定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。As，和which引导非限定的区别•下列固定结构，一般不能用which，如：•ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述•asoftenhappens正像经常发生的那样•asiswellknown众所周知•asisshowninFig3将如图3所示•asweknow正如我们知道的那样＂•asmaybeimagined这可以想象得出来•asweallcansee正如我们大家看到的那样•As翻译成“正如”•Ashasbeenpointedout•Asisexpected/hoped/supposed/known/reported/announced正如所期望的/希望的/料想的，据所知/报道/宣称•Asisoftenthecase情况常常如此•Asismentionedabove正如上文所提到的•Asanybodycansee有目共睹•注意：无论先行词指人或者指物,在句中作主语或者作宾语，非限制性定语从句的引导词都不能用that。•Summary•限定性定语从句不能用what,how来引导•非限定定语从句不能用that来引导五年高考真题回放•1.Thenumberofsmokers,_____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.A.itB.whichC.whatD.as•2.OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,___youcanhearsomelovelymusic.•A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where•3.ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,_______showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.•A.whoB.whomC.thatD.Which•4.Itisatrulydelightfulplace,________looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages..•A.asB.whereC.thatD.which•5.Thebooksonthedesk,_____coversareshiny,areprizesforus.•A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.that•6.Ididn'tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade，________Iwentuptorescueakitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.()•A.whenB.whereC.whichD.why•7.IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,_______myclassmatesrecommendedtome.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where•8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,________usesitsomewhatdifferently.•A.allofwhichB.eachofwhich•C.allofthemD.eachofthem•9.ThepresidentoftheWorldBanksayshehasapassionforChina,__heremembersstartingasearlyashischildhood.•A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when•10.“Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover,”________.•A.asthesayinggoesoldB.goesastheoldsaying•C.astheoldsayinggoesD.goesasoldthesaying11.Thechildren,____hadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.A.allofwhatB.allofwhichC.allofthemD.allofwhom12.Thereisnosimpleanswer,______isoftenthecaseinscience.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where13.Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,_______urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what•14.Theschoolshop,_____customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.•A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where•15.Alotoflanguagelearning,________hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.•A.asB.itC.whichD.this•16.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.•A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which•17.By16:30,______wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that•18.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval（休息时间，间隔），________theaudiencecanbuyicecream.A．whenB．whereC．thatD．which