一.形式上:非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开,限制性定语从句则没有请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句,那些是非限制性定语从句:1.TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.2.Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.PracticeA限制性定语从句:一般是一个名词非限制性定语从句:可以是一个名词,也可以是前面整个句子Hersonisverysmart,whichmakesherhappy.Hersonwhoissmartmakesherveryhappy.二.先行词关系词:非限制性定语从句不能用that,why引导•Ihavetoldhimthemthereason,__________Ididn’tattendthemeeting.•Hersonisverysmart,______makesherhappy.forwhichwhich三.意义:限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句:修饰限定的作用对主句起补充说明的作用PracticeB•区分下列几组句子的不同含义:•1.Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.•Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。.Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.•Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。因此,在写作中要注意,如果是起修饰限定作用,则用限制性定语从句,起补充说明的作用,则用非限制性定语从句Sydney,whichhasmanyplacesofinterestisthebiggestcityinAustralia.悉尼是澳大利亚最大的城市,有很多的名胜古迹。定语从句在写作中的运用一.定语从句的合成。例1那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。(It…)(2003)例2我发现很难与那些一贯固执已见的人合作。(…it…)(2004)•It’sveryhardforthosepeopletodescribeitsbeauty.•Thosepeoplehaven’tbeentothesmallvillage.•Thosepeoplealwayssticktotheirownopinions.•Ifindit(is)hardtocooperatewiththosepeople定语从句合成四步法找出相同词,确定主从句;确定先行词,放到句首去。第一步,从两个分句中找出指代相同的词(先行词)。(1)Thewomanisoverthere.Youmetherinthestreet.(2)Ioftengotothefactory.Myfatheronceworkedinit.(3)Thetimeismentionedintheletter.Hewasaslaveatthattime.(4).Thereasonisknowntous.Hewaslateforthisreason.(5)Hegavemeabookasagift.Itscoverwasred.Thewomanherthefactoryit.ThetimethattimeThereasonthisreasonabookIts第二步,从两个分句中确定一个作主句。其原则是看哪个句子能起概括作用,且合成定语从句后符合英语习惯和语法要求(1)Thewomanisoverthere.Youmetherinthestreet.(2)Ioftengotothefactory.Myfatheronceworkedinit.(3)Thetimeismentionedintheletter.Hewasaslaveatthattime.(4).Thereasonisknowntous.Hewaslateforthisreason.(5)Hegavemeabookasagift.Itscoverwasred.第三步:选择合适的关系代词或副词来替换从句中相应的部分。(1)Thewomanisoverthere.Youmetherinthestreet.=Thewomanisoverthere.Youmetwhointhestreet.(2)Ioftengotothefactory.Myfatheronceworkedinit.=Ioftengotothefactory.Myfatheronceworkedinwhich(=where).(3)Thetimeismentionedintheletter.Hewasaslaveatthattime.=Thetimeismentionedintheletter.Hewasaslaveatwhich(=when).(4).Thereasonisknowntous.Hewaslateforthisreason.=Thereasonisknowntous.Hewaslateforwhich(=why).(5)Hegavemeabookasagift.Itscoverwasred.=Hegavemeabookasagift.whosecoverwasred.第四步,把所选准的关系代词或副词及其引导的从句,提至从句之首,然后放到先行词之后则可得到合适的句子。(1)Thewomanisoverthere.whoYoumetinthestreet.Thewomanwhoyoumetinthestreetisoverthere.(2)Ioftengotothefactory.Myfatheronceworkedinwhich(=where).Ioftengotothefactoryinwhich(=wheremyfatheronceworked).(3)Thetimeismentionedintheletter.Hewasaslaveatwhich(=when).Thetimeatwhich(=when)hewasaslaveismentionedintheletter.(4).Thereasonisknowntous.Hewaslateforwhich(=why).Thereasonforwhich(=why)Hewaslateisknowntous.(5)Hegavemeabookasagift.whosecoverwasred.Hegavemeabookwhosecoverwasredasagift.Sydney,whichhasmanyplacesofinterestisthebiggestcityinAustralia.悉尼是澳大利亚最大的城市,有很多的名胜古迹。SydneyisthebiggestcityinAustralia.Ithasmanyplacesofinterest.难点要点:1)定语从句紧跟在先行词后;2)先行词不能重复在从句中出现;3)选择正确的关系代词和副词。二.定语从句翻译例1我发现很难与那些一贯固执已知的人合作。(…it…)(2004)例2他们应从这件事中吸取教训:玩火者必自焚。(burn)(2001)Ifindit(is)hardtocooperatewiththose___________________________________.Theyshouldlearnalessonfromthisincident:he__________________willsurelygetburnt.whoalwayssticktotheirownopinionswhoplayswithfireIt’sveryhardforthose________________________________todescribeitsbeauty.例3那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。(It…)(2003)whohaven’tbeentothesmallvillage基本信息:⑴书名:BattleHymnoftheTigerMother⑵作者:AmyChua,美籍华人,耶鲁*大学教授⑶出版时间:2010年⑷内容:作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事⑸效应:引发中美教育方式孰优孰劣的讨论相关报道:⑴中文版:2011年初开始在中国销售⑵意外反应:多数中国妈妈不赞同作者的做法⑶最新消息:17岁的大女儿已被哈佛**和耶鲁录取Theauthor,Ms.Amy,____________________________________inYaleUniversity,dealswiththestoriesofhereducatinghertwodaughtersintheTraditionalChineseways.⑵作者:AmyChua,美籍华人,耶鲁*大学教授⑷内容:作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事⑵作者AmyChua是美籍华人和耶鲁*大学教授。⑷内容:作者用中国传统方式教育两个女儿的故事whoisanAmerican-Chineseandtheprofessor你是校报小记者,最近进行了一次采访。以下是这次采访的情况:时间:上周末对象:眼科医生(eye-doctor)王教授主题:我国中小学生近视(short-sightedness)问题基本信息:(1)发生率:略高于50%(2)人数:世界第一专家解读:(1)原因:很复杂(2)治疗:没有哪一种药物能治愈近视(3)建议:不要过度用眼;多参加户外活动(4)特别提示:如何握笔也和近视有关(1)近视的孩子人数占50%Thenumberofshort-sightedchildrenisslightlyoverfiftypercent.2)人数:世界第一Thenumberranksthefirstintheworld.(1)发生率:略高于50%(2)人数:世界第一Thenumberofshort-sightedchildren,______________________________,isslightlyoverfiftypercent.whichranksthefirstintheworld