邵周成-时空观与物理学

Aristotle1.AristotleAristotle2.GalileoNewtonGalileoNewton3.LorentzEinstein4.Einstein5.6.NoetherGalileoLorentNoetherTime-SpaceViewandPhysicsAbstractAftermorethan2000yearsofdevelopment,physicstodayhasbecomethemostsuccessfulofnaturalscience.Therichachievements,wideareaandmaturetheoryaredifficulttocompareforanyothernaturalsciences.Everyperiodofdevelopmenthasgreatbreakthroughandrepresentativesoftherevolutionaryachievements,butgenerallyspeakingthesedevelopmentsaremoreorlessdependentonthetime-spaceviewanditschanges.Time-Spaceisthephysicaltheorybackgroundframework,isthefoundationofalllawandtheorem,aslongastheunderlyingchangesinevitablyleadtothetheoryofchange.Spatio-temporalconstraintsofconclusionofbasicrelationshipsatthesametimeconclusionsbutalsoreflectthespatialandtemporalproperties.Acomprehensivestudyonthespace-timeideaofthereformbringstremendouschangesinphysics,detailedanalysisofspace-timepropertiesandessentiallinkbetweenthebasiclawsofphysicsisthebasictaskofthisarticle.Studyincludingclassicalmechanics,thespecialandgeneraltheoryofrelativity,thermodynamicsandquantummechanics,mainlydiscussedtheconceptofabsolutetimeandspace,relativisticspace-timeidea,thedirectionoftimeandSpatio-temporalsymmetryissues.Additionally,thisarticletriedtoshowfromAristotletomodernphysicsmajordevelopmentpathandcluespassthroughabriefspace-timeideaofthereformofthephysicshistory.Expectstudyonthetheoreticalthoughtandmethodologyoffoundercangivepeoplesomekindofenlightenment.Followingisthemaincontentofthisarticleincluded:1.SystemdiscussiononAristotle'sTimeandspaceconcept,analysisoftheessentialdifferencebetweenitandTime-Spaceviewwhichwenormallysaid.HavepointedoutthattheforcenatureoflackofknowledgeandtherestconceptistheerrorcauseofAristotle2.referenceframewhatabstractedoutbyGalileo,pointedouttheexperimentalphysicsmethodistheprerequisitefortherighttoestablishlawsofphysics.SystemdiscussionofNewton'stime-spaceviewandGalileotransformation.HaveproofofcovarianceofNewtonthisshowsanotherpathleadingtotheprincipleofequivalence.3.ThisarticlediscussesthebasicpostulateofspecialrelativityandLorentztransformwhatusedthesepostulatesbased,totheprofoundchangesinthemechanicsandelectromagnetism.Showstherelationshipbetweenthelawsofrelativisticspace-timepropertiesandmechanical,wepointedoutthatEinstein'sintroductionoftheConceptPhysicsmajorhistoricsignificance.4.Throughtheanalysisofbasicframeandconclusionofgeneralrelativity,fullydemonstratedthedeepreformEinstein-timecurvaturetophysics.Historicaloriginstracedbacktothegenerationanddevelopmentofthetheoryfurtherembodiesthephilosophythoughts,physicalintuitionandmathematicalanalysisimportantroleinmodernphysicsresearch.IexploredtheissuesrelatedtoGeneralRelativityandGravitationonthepossibledirectionofdevelopment.5.Thisdiscussionoflawofincreaseofentropyandtimedirectioninherentlinks,pointedoutthatalthoughtheThermodynamicsofSecondLawsindescribingthetimeadvantagebutpeople'sunderstandingoftheessencestillneedstobeexpanded.6.Re-derivedNoethertheoremundercertainconditions,anddiscusseddecidedbythespatio-temporalsymmetrylawofconservationofsomespecialcases.InquantummechanicssectionwepointedoutthatGeneratingoperatorisconservedquantityifwecanbecertainofinfinitesimaltransformationinexponentialform.KeyWords:TimeSpaceConceptofabsolutetimeandspaceInertialreferenceframeGalileotransformationRelativityprincipleLorentztransformationEquivalentprincipleSpace-TimecurvatureSingularcovarianceEquationsofgravitationalfieldSingularityLawofincreaseofentropyNoethertheoremConservativelawAristotleGalileoNewtonNewtonGalileoNewtonNewtonLorentzMinkowskiLorentzPoincaréRiemannChristoffelEinsteinFriedmannNoetherIsaacNewtonAristotleNewtonAlbertEinsteinAristotleAristotleGalileoGalileiGalileoGalileoNewtonEngelsEinsteinPrigogineNoetherPoincaré[1].[J]..,1987,p1.[2],.[M].,2007,p53.[3]Newton.[M].,2006,p349.[4]FrederickEngels.[J]..,2009,p88..[M].,2005,p1.AristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleNewtonAristotleNewtonAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleNewtonAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleDescartesAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotlekkABAristotleAristotleBAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleGalileo[1]Aristotle.[M].,2009,p68-269.[2].[M].,2005,p41-63.[3].[M].,1984,p97-103.[4]StephenHawking.[M].,1988,p2-17.GalileoAristotleCopernicusGiordanoBrunoBrunoBrunoGalileoHawkingGalileoGalileoAristotleGalileoGalileoGalileogtt221gthgAristotleGalileoGalileoAristotleGalileoGalileo1632GalileoGalileoGalileoAristotleGalileoGalileoAristotleNewtonMaxwellGalileoGalileoAristotleGalileotx0x0Galileot2202xghGalileoGalileo45GalileoGalileoNewtonGalileo[1]Galilei.[M].,2006,p130.[2].[M].,2006,p3-16.[3].[M].,1984,p97-103.[4]StephenHawking.[M].,1988,p14.[5],.[M].,2005,p60-61.[6]Aristotle.[M].,2009,p125-197.NewtonNewton1687NewtonNewtonNewtonNewtonNewtonNewtonNewtonNewtonNewtonAristotleAristotleAristotleNewtonNewtonGalileoNewtonNewtonAristotleNewtonNewtonA