搜索
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.主语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{{表语Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.{宾语Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.{同位语词形词义在从句中的成分连词That--------If/Whether是否----连接代词Who(ever)(无论)谁（主格）主语、表语Whom(ever)(无论)谁（宾格）宾语Whose(ever)(无论)谁的(所有格)定语What(ever)(无论)什么主语、宾语、表语Which(ever)(无论)哪个主语、宾语、定语连接副词When什么时候状语Where在哪里状语How怎样，怎么状语why为什么状语名词性从句考点归纳考点一、名词性从句的语序名词性从句构成有两种a.That+陈述句Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.b.疑问词+句子的剩余成分Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.1.Thephotographswillshowyou____．A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike•2.Youcanhardlyimagine______whenheheardthenews.•A.howhewasexcited•B.howwasheexcited•C.howexcitedhewas•D.hewashowexcited★3.Heasked____foraviolin.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid★考点二that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。1.what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。2.that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that从句一般不作介词的宾语。但：inthat“因为”，except/but/besidesthat“除了”例外。that/what1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhat9.Afterfivehours’drive,theyreachedwastheplacethey’dbeendreamingof.10.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetatwasadangerousspeed.11.Thewayhediditwasdifferentfromwewereusedto.12.___________theearthisroundisknowntousall.13.Ourschoolisquitedifferentfrom_______itwasbefore.14.Fathermadeapromise______ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer.whatwhatwhatThatwhatthat考点三引导词that的省略that可省略的情况：单个宾语从句中的that可省略that不可省略的情况：a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句e.并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略that/(that)1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme__________hisfatherhaddiedand_____hehadtomakealivingalone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that考点四whether,if引导名词性从句时，表示“是否”，不在从句中作任何成分，二者常可通用，但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether:(1)引导主语从句。(2)引导表语从句。(3)引导同位语从句。(4)在动词discuss之后。(5)在介词之后。在动词discuss之后(6)后面紧跟ornot。(7)动词不定式前。if/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether1.____the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That2._____we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where高考题选萃☆☆考点五同位语从句的引导和辨别1.同位语从句的格式：n.+连接词+从句2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea,news,information,order,belief,doubt,thought,possibility,hope,truth,feeling,suggestion,promise等3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。•常见句式：•Wordcamethat----•Newscamethat----•Rumorcamethat---•Astorygoesthat----注:1.同位语从句多用that引导2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.1.Ihavenoidea_________hecomesfrom.2.Hecan’tanswerthequestion________hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions________weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt________hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedoubt________hewillwin.that/whether/where/howwherehowthatthatwhetherthat引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别例1：______wasknowntoallthatWilliamhadbrokenhispromise______hewouldneverplaycomputergamesagain.(2011·湖南雅礼中学高三第8次月考卷)A.As;whichB.As;thatC.It;thatD.What;that【解析】选C。it作形式主语，第一个that后引导从句作真正主语。名词promise后接that引导的同位语从句。对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。例2：Helpingothersisahabit,one______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.(2011·山东卷改编)A.itB.thatC.whatD.who【解析】选B。one是ahabit的同位语。作为定语从句的先行词，后用which或that作定语从句动词learn的宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。that引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不作成分(一般不省),且不可用which来取代；that引导定语从句时，that须作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语时常可省),且常可用which来取代。考点六宾语从句的时态呼应1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves_________________________________.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Pleasetellme_____________________________________.hisdreamwillcometruesomedaywhatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday2.如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。Hetoldme_____________________________________.他说他已离开家乡十年了。Hetoldme________________________________________________.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。Theteachertoldus___________________________.hewaspreparingfortheexaminationhehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyearslighttravelsinastraightline考点七what(什么)/which(表选择,哪一个)1.---Doyouknow________MrBlack’saddressis?---HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof_________.2.Ireadaboutitinsomebookorother,doesitmatter_______itwas?whatwhichwhich1）____youdon’tlikeh