中考总复习三：几何初步

世界观人人都有，而哲学只有经过系统的学习的人才能掌握它。世界观是自发成的，是不系统的、不自觉的、缺乏严密的逻辑和理论论证，而哲学则是把自发的、零散的、朴素的世界观加以理论化和系统化，因而具有严密的逻辑和完整的理论体系。appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm(wallthicknessmmt)incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceiscleanandnotdamaged.7.5.8cablesneatandclean,solidbinding,bindingprocessinappearance.7.5.9thefirstcableproductionfirm,craftsbeautiful,clearsignagedoesnotfade.7.5.10fireproofpluggingtight,nocracksandpores.7.67.6.1ofthestandardelectricalwiringqualitytechnologycablea,themulti-corewirebuncharrangementshouldbeparalleltoeachother,horizontalwireharnessorwireshouldbeperpendiculartothelongitudinalmulti-corewirebunch.Thedistancebetweenthewireharnessandwireharnesssymmetry,andascloseaspossible.B-corewiringharnessintoround,multi-corewirebunchusedgwirebinding,fastening中考总复习三：几何初步一、目标与策略明确学习目标及主要的学习方法是提高学习效率的首要条件，要做到心中有数！学习目标：（一）图形的认识（1）点、线、面认识点、线、面(如交通图上用点表示城市，屏幕上的画面是由点组成的).认识直线、射线、线段及性质.会比较线段的大小，会计算线段的和、差、倍、分，并会进行简单计算.了解线段的中点.（2）角通过丰富的实例，进一步认识角.会比较角的大小，能估计一个角的大小，会计算角度的和与差，认识度、分、秒，会进行简单换算.了解角平分线及其性质（3）相交线与平行线了解补角、余角、对顶角，知道等角的余角相等、等角的补角相等、对顶角相等.了解垂线、垂线段等概念，了解垂线段最短的性质，体会点到直线距离的意义.知道过一点有且仅有一条直线垂直于已知直线，会用三角尺或量角器过一点画一条直线的垂线.了解线段垂直平分线及其性质.知道两直线平行同位角相等，进一步探索平行线的性质.知道过直线外一点有且仅有一条直线平行于已知直线，会用三角尺和直尺过已知直线外一点画这条直线的平行线.体会两条平行线之间距离的意义，会度量两条平行线之间的距离.（二）尺规作图完成以下基本作图：作一条线段等于已知线段，作一个角等于已知角，作角的平分线，作线段的垂直平分线.了解尺规作图的步骤，对于尺规作图题，会写已知、求作和作法(不要求证明).（三）命题与证明理解证明的定义和必要性.通过具体的例子，了解定义、命题、定理的含义，会区分命题的条件(题设)和结论.结合具体例子，了解逆命题的概念，会识别两个互逆命题，并知道原命题成立其逆命题不一定成立.掌握用综合法证明的格式，体会证明的过程要步步有据.复习策略：复习本专题应抓住线、角两条主线，采用理论联系实际的方法（例如线段可以看作绷紧的琴弦等），发展自己的数感、符号感、应用意识和推理能力等.世界观人人都有，而哲学只有经过系统的学习的人才能掌握它。世界观是自发成的，是不系统的、不自觉的、缺乏严密的逻辑和理论论证，而哲学则是把自发的、零散的、朴素的世界观加以理论化和系统化，因而具有严密的逻辑和完整的理论体系。appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascraterandash,surfacesmoothing,weldandbasemetalshouldbeevenlysmoothtransition.Width2-3mmfromtheedgeofweldGroove.Surfacereinforcementshouldbelessthanorequalto1+0.2timestheslopeedgewidth,andshouldnotbegreaterthan4mm.Depthofundercutshouldbelessthanorequalto0.5mm,totallengthoftheweldsonbothsidesundercutnotexceed10%oftheweldlength,andlongcontinuousshouldnotbegreaterthan100mm.Wrongsideshouldbelessthanorat0.2T,andshouldnotbegreaterthan2mm(wallthicknessmmt)incompleteornotallow7.57.5.1installationqualityprocessstandardsoftheelectricalenclosureCabinetsurfaceisclean,neat,nosignificantphenomenonofconvex,closetonature,closethedoor.7.5.2CabinetCabinetfacepaintsnopaint,returnedtorusted,consistentcolor.7.5.3uniformindirectgapfromtoptobottom,slotwidth1.5mm7.5.4adjacentCabinetsurfaceroughnessis0.7.5.5thecabinetsfirmlyfixed,craftsbeautiful.7.5.6Cabinetsurfacegauge,switchcabinetmarkclear,neat,firmpaste.7.5.7Terminalrowofneat,isreliable,theappearanceiscleanandnotdamaged.7.5.8cablesneatandclean,solidbinding,bindingprocessinappearance.7.5.9thefirstcableproductionfirm,craftsbeautiful,clearsignagedoesnotfade.7.5.10fireproofpluggingtight,nocracksandpores.7.67.6.1ofthestandardelectricalwiringqualitytechnologycablea,themulti-corewirebuncharrangementshouldbeparalleltoeachother,horizontalwireharnessorwireshouldbeperpendiculartothelongitudinalmulti-corewirebunch.Thedistancebetweenthewireharnessandwireharnesssymmetry,andascloseaspossible.B-corewiringharnessintoround,multi-corewirebunchusedgwirebinding,fastening二、学习与应用知识点一：直线的概念和性质（一）直线的定义：代数中学习的数轴和一张纸对折后的折痕等都是直线，直线可以向两方无限延伸.(直线的概念是一个描述性的定义，便于理解直线的意义)（二）直线的两种表示方法：“凡事预则立，不预则废”。科学地预习才能使我们上课听讲更有目的性和针对性。我们要在预习的基础上，认真听讲，做到眼睛看、耳朵听、心里想、手上记。知识要点梳理认真阅读、理解教材，尝试把下列知识要点内容补充完整，若有其它补充可填在右栏空白处。详细内容请参看网校资源ID：#tbjx7#知识框图通过知识框图，先对本单元知识要点有一个总体认识。世界观人人都有，而哲学只有经过系统的学习的人才能掌握它。世界观是自发成的，是不系统的、不自觉的、缺乏严密的逻辑和理论论证，而哲学则是把自发的、零散的、朴素的世界观加以理论化和系统化，因而具有严密的逻辑和完整的理论体系。appearanceoftheweldappearancequalitytechnicalrequirementsoftheprojectmustnothaveamoltenmetalstreamdoesnotmeltthebasemetaltoweld,weldseamandheat-affectedzonesurfacemustnothavecracks,pores,defectssuchascratera