论口译的质量与效果评估

:(1951-),,,:,(1954-),,,::2002-10-1120033168ForeignLanguagesandTheirTeaching2003,3Serial168(,510421):,,,:;;;Abstract:Theevaluationinterpretingqualityinvolvesfactorsincluding,amongothers,essenceofinterpreting,varietyoftaskrequire2ments,effortsexertedbytheinterpreteratwork,commentsandfeedbackfromthespeakerandaudience,andaimsoftheevaluation.Thisarticlediscussestherelevanceandrelationsbetweenthosefactorsandinterpretingthroughanalyzingandredefiningthemeaningandfunc2tionsofthesaidfactorsinabidtopresentobjectiveandcomprehensivepossibleparametersforresearchonqualityevaluation.Keywords:evaluationofinterpretingqualilty,taskofinterpreting,interpretersefforts,objectiveeffect:H315.9:A:1004-6038(2003)03-0041-051.,,(1987),(,1996(4):24),,,,,,,,,,,,,2.2.1,,,,(,1994),,,(Nord1991:12),(Wilss1982:112),,(Lederer1994),,,,(2002),,,,2.2:14,,,,,:,,,,(,),,:,:(1):,;(2):,,,;(3):,;(4):,,,;(5):,,,;(6):,,,(BhlerHildegund1986,KurzIngrid1989,1992,LydiaMeakdeTrieste1990,GileDaniel1990,KopczynskiA.1992,ShlesingerM.1992,AIIC1992,1998,),6,,,,,,(RodaP.Roberts1984,JeanDelisle1992,ChristianeNord1991,ReissetVermeer1984,JeanVienne1998)(traductionnelle),,,,,,,,6,:Moser2MercerBarbara(1996:45),,;,;,,,3:(1);(2),;(3),,,,:Moser2MercerBarbara(p.47)(evaluation)(measurement)3(assessment):(),;,,;,,,:,;,,(1993:101-108):;(1998:249-263);(LeongKo1996:3-4);(2000:160),D.GileMarie2HapsHugoMar2quant(Modledelapdagogieparlexemple),(NVQS,TRIST,),,,,,24,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3.,,3.1,,,,,,,,,3.2,,,,()(),,AB,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3.3,,,,(,2000),,,;;,,;,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3.4,,,,:,,,,,,,,(2001:85),,,,,34,,,()(pp.63-64),,,,(p.85),,,;,;,,,:,,(Neubert1992),,,,,,,,,,,,;,,;,,,,,,;,,,,4.4.1(AIIC1994):Aconferenceinterpreterisaqualifiedspecialistinbilingualormultilingualcommunication.He/shemakesthiscommunicationpos2siblebetweendelegatesofdifferentlinguisticcommunitiesatconfer2ences,meetings,negotiationsorvisits,wheremorethanonework2inglanguageisusedbycomprehendingtheconceptsofthespeakersmessageandconveyingthemorallyinanotherlanguage,eitherinconsecutive,simultaneousorwhispering.Besidescarryingoutathoroughpreparationofthesubjectandterminology,aconferenceinterpretermustpossessawidegeneralknowledgeinordertodealwithallmattersunderdiscussion.Conferenceinterpretersare,moreover,boundtorespectthecodeofprofessionalethics,includingthestrictestprofessionalsecre2cy.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,4.2:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,44,,,,,,(2001,68),,,,,,;,,,,,:,,,4.3?,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,;,,;,,,,,,,,;,,,10(AisGile2002),,4.4,,,,,3,,,,,,,5.,,,,,,:[1]AsngelaCollados&GileDaniel.Laqualitdelinterprtationdeconfrence:unesynthsedestravauxempiriques[A].,[C].,[2]Gambier,Yves,GileDanielandTaylorChristopher(eds)[J].Confer2enceInterpreting:CurrentTrendsinResearch,Amsterdam/Philadelphia:JohnBenjamins,1997.[3]GileDaniel,Variabilityintheperceptionoffidelity[J],inSimultane2ousInterpretation.Hermes,1999/22:51-79.[4]Lambert,Sylvie&BarbaraMoser2Mercereds.BridgingtheGap.Empir2icalresearch[J],inSimultaneousInterpretation.Amsterdam&Philadelphia.JohnBenjamins,1994:87-99.(48)54,;,,,,,,:Man:Thelighthereisalittletoobright.Dontyouthinkso?,?Woman:Itsperfectforafootballstadium.,,,,?,,Whatfineweather:,LastSunday,whenIgotup,itwasdarkoutside.Whatfineweather!Ithought,Itsrainingagain.Whatfineweather!,,,,!,,(),,,:theoldestabolitionistintheHouseofCommons,abolitionist,,,,1963(),aboli2tionist2020-30,4.,,Newmark:,,,(1982:113),,,,,,,,,:[1]EugeneA.Nida.Language,Culture,andTranslating[M].,1993.[2].[M].:,2001.[3].[M].:,2000.[4].[J].,1997(6).[5].[M].:,1999.[6]PeterNewmark.ApproachestoTranslation[M].PergamonPress,1982.[7].[J].,1992(2).[8].[M].:,1989.[9].[J].,2002(3).[10].[M].:,2001.[11].[J].,1999(4).[12].[M].:,1985.(45)[5]Moser2MercerBarbara.QualityinInterpreting:someMethodologicalis2sues[A].,[C].,1996.[6]Neubert,Albrecht&GregoryM.Shreve.TranslationasText[M].TheHentStateUniversityPress,1992.[7]Nord,Christiane.Communicativeinteraction[M].RofopiB.V.,1991.[8]Wilss,Wolfram.Linguisticcommunicationalwaysappearsintextualform[M].GunterNarrVerlagTubingen,1982.[9].[M].,1998.[10].[M].:,1993.[11].[J].1998.[12].[M].:,1994.[13]LeongKo.[M].:,1996.[14].[M].:,1998.[15].[M].:,2001.[16].[J].,1996,(4)[17].[M].:,2000.[18].[M].,2002(3).84