从语言迁移看中介语

20046Jun.,2004253JournalofXiangnanUniversityVol.25No.3:2003-12-02:彭宁红(1969-),女,湖南永州人,零陵学院外语系讲师,研究方向:应用语言学彭宁红,郑际根(,425006):中介语与语言迁移有着十分密切的关系,语言迁移研究是中介语研究的重要内容和聚焦点如何利用外语学习者母语知识,促进正迁移,减少母语的干扰,消除母语负迁移,是值得教师研究的课题教师对外语学习者中介语及其错误应有一个正确的认识,同时还要利用各种手段,防止外语学习者中介语出现僵化现象:语言迁移;中介语;二语习得;正迁移;负迁移:H319:A:1672-8173(2004)03-0079-04(interlanguage,IL,),(aninterlan-guage),,(theinterlanguagecontinu-um),/0:/,0,,,,Corder56Corder/0(tran-sitionalcompetence)/0(idiosyncraticd-ialect);1969,LarrySelinker56(LanguageTransfer)/Interlanguage0;1971,W.Nemser56/0(approximativesystem);1972,Selinker56(Interlanguage),/0,Selinker,,:1.(Languagetransfer),,,(positivetransfer)(negativetransfer)2.(Overgeneralization),,,,,-sfoot,foots3.(Transferduetotheeffectsofteaching),,,;he,she,shehe4.(Learningstrategies)(),#79#(proficiency),:(simplification)(reduction)(trans-fer)(omissions)(substitutions)(restruc-turing)(formulaiclanguage),5.(Communicationstrategies)()(),,,,,Selinker1992,RediscoveringInterlanguage,,1957,RobertLadoLinguisticsAcrossCu-lture():/0,,80,,,Corder,(borrowing),,,Corder,FaerchKasper(1987),,,:(transferincommunication),,,(transferinlearn-ing),,,Schachter(1988),(constraint),,,,Odlin(1989),:/0,Odlin,Odlin,/0(cross-linguisticinflu-ence),:(zerotransfer),(neutraltransfer),,S+V+O(++),/0(IstudyEnglish),,,,,/0(HestudiesEng-lish.),/s0,,,,#80#1.(Phonologicaltransfer),:(1),(Tonelanguage),(Intonationlanguage),,(),(),,(2),[H][],,[s][z],[t][d]thank,[s·k],something[cs+msiG],this[zis],those[duz][l]-[n],,,2.(Lexicaltransfer),,,/0/heavy0,/heavy0aheavybox(),aheavysmoker(),heavyrain()heavytraffic(),bigrain,busytraffic/0/0/,0/addupoil0/Timeistoonervous0/Goodgoodstudy,daydayup0,,:3.(Syntacticaltransfer),,:IverymuchlikeEnglish.:Heisnotanengineer,ishe?:No,heis.Yes,heisnot./0,Alltheidiomsinyourcompos-itionarenotusedcorrectly.(Noneoftheid-iomsinyourcompositionareusedcorrectly.),,,,4.(Discoursetransfer):1)A:Areyoubusy?B:Busy.2)A:Howbeautifulyouare!B:Where,where.(,):Englishspeaker:YourEnglishisverygood.Chinesestudent:No,no,myEnglishisnotgoodatall.,,,:Thankyou.Thankyou,butIstillhavealottolearn.,,/Haveyoueatenyet?0/Whereareyougoing?0,,,,,,,,#81#,:[1]Ellis,Rod.UnderstandingSecondLanguageAcquisition[M].Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,1986.[2]Ellis,Rod.TheStudyofSecondLanguageAcquisition[M].Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,1994.[3]Odlin,Terence.LanguageTransfer-Cross-linguisticinfluenceinlanguagelearning[M].Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,2001.[4]许余龙.对比语言学[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2002[5]戴炜栋,王栋.语言迁移研究:问题与思考[J].外国语,2002,(6).[6]高远.对比分析与错误分析[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.[7]束定芳,庄智象现代外语教学)))理论实践与方法[M].上海:上海外语教育出社,1996.[8]司联合,温中兰.过渡语与语言迁移[J].宁波教育学院学报,2000,(2).ExplorationsonInterlanguangefromthePerspectiveofLanguageTransferPENGNing-hong,ZHENGJi-gen(DepartmentofForeignLanguages,LinglingUniversity,Yongzhou425006,China)Abstract:Interlanguageiscloselyrelatedtolanguagetransfer.Thestudyoflanguagetransferisveryimpor-tantinthestudyofinterlanguage.Howtomakefulluseofstudent.smothertongueandavoidnegativetransferisasubjectworthstudying.Teachersshouldbefullyawareofthestudents.mistakessoastoavoidfissilation.Keywords:languagetransfer;interlanguage;secondlanguageacquisition;positivetransfer;negative(上接第64页):[1]聂珍钊.托马斯#哈代小说研究:悲戚而刚毅的艺术家[M].武汉:华中师范大学出版社,1992.[2]托马斯#哈代.意中人#前言[M].祈寿华(译).南京:译林出版社,1998.[3]托马斯#哈代.无名的裘德#初版序[M].南京:译林出版社,1999.[4]赵澧,徐京安.唯美主义#序[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1988.[5]FlorenceEmilyHardy:TheLifeofThomasHardyVol.Ò(1892-1928)[M].MacmillanandCo.,Limited,Martin.sStreet,London:1933.[6]侯维瑞.现代英国小说史[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1985.[9]王忠祥,聂珍钊.外国文学史(第三册)[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002.TheWell-belovedfromthePerspectiveof/Aestheticism0MAXian(ForeignLanguageSchool,ChangshaScienceandEngineeringUniversity,Changsha410076,China)Abstract:TheWell-belovedwhichwasanovelinThomasHardy.slateryears,whetherinitsthemeoritsartisticexpressions,presentedobviousforeseeingandmodernityduetoitsimitationofaestheticism.Thenovelsurpassedthetraditionalviewandmethodofwriting,andbecamethefirstsignsofmodernliteratureinthe20thcentury.Thenovelrevealedanadmirabletalentandgreatcourageofawriterinexperimentingandbringingforthnewideas.Keywords:ThomasHardy;TheWell-beloved;aestheticism;modernity#82#