英语语法系列-一般过去式

学习目标1.一般过去时的概念2.动词过去式的构成4.一般过去时的基本句型及转换3.一般过去时与一般现在时的比较5.灵活运用（练习与答案）3.结构1.概念2.时间主语+动词的过去式+其它yesterday(morning…)last(year,week,night,month…)in1990(过去的年)twodaysagothedaybeforeyesterdayjustnow=amomentagonowpastfuture一.一般过去时的概念表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态1.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryearsago用于一般过去时的时间状语lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthedaybeforeyesterday2.与last连用3.与yesterday连用：5.与that连用：thatmorningwinterdayyear6.其他时间状语：justnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin19801.规则动词looklooked1）一般在动词原形末尾加–edplayplayedstartstarted2）结尾是e的动词只加--dlivelivedhopehopeduseused3）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加—edstopstoppedplanplannedtriptripped4）结尾是“辅音字母+y”的词，先变“y”为“i”再加—edstudystudiedcarrycarried二.动词过去式的构成1）过去式与原形一样let→let让put→put放下cut→cut砍,剪cost→cost花钱read→read读书hurt→hurt受伤2）变元音字母为arun→ran跑come→came过来sit→sat坐下give→gave给drink→drank喝begin→began开始sing→sang唱歌swim→swam游泳3.中间去e末尾加t：sleep→slept睡觉sweep→swept拖地keep→kept保持feel→felt感觉4.把i变成owrite→wrote写ride→rode骑(车)drive→drove开(车)2.不规则动词图标'封面.jpg'从流程图'title'Authorware文件'应用题.a6p'总计1图标,225K字节2004年3月25日图标'封面.jpg'从流程图'title'Authorware文件'应用题.a6p'总计1图标,225K字节2004年3月25日5.—ought:think→thought想buy→bought买bring→brought带着fight→fought打仗6——aught：catch→caught抓teach→taught教学7.ow/aw改为ewknow→knew知道grow→grew长大throw→threw扔draw→drew画画8结尾d变t：build→built建造spend→spent花钱/时间lend→lent借给别人send→sent寄am,isare*do*go*havemake*get*eatsaystand*findbeginbringlookplayfeelbuildfightgiveteachsingbuycutcomedrawdrinkdrivehopeusestartwasweredidwenthadmadegotatesaidstoodfoundbeganbroughtlookedplayedfeltbuiltfoughtgavetaughtsangboughtcutcamedrewdrankdrovehopedusedstarted剩余不规则动词表growputreadrunsweepsitsleepspendcatchswimwritelivestopplanstudycarrygrewputreadransweptsatsleptspentcaughtswamwrotelivedstoppedplannedstudiedcarried含有be动词的句型•一般过去时表示过去时间内某人某物存在的状态，性质等．eg:Iwasateacherlastyear.She(He)wasasinger.WeYouwerehappy.They•一般现在时表示某人某物现在的状态，性质等．eg:Iamateachernow.She(He)isasinger.WeTheyarehappy.You三.一般现在时和一般过去时句型结构的异与同含有be动词的句型结构一般现在时：1）肯定式:主语＋be(am/is/are)＋表语2）否定式:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+表语3）一般疑问式：Be(AmIsAre)+主语＋表语4）特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问式：一般过去时：1）肯定式:主语＋be(was/were)＋表语．2）否定式：主语＋be(was/were)+not+表语3）一般疑问式：BE(WasWere)+主语＋表语？4）特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问式：不含be动词的句型一般现在时用来表示习惯性，经常性发生的动作．主语＋动词原形＋其它主语(单三)＋动词现在式(+s)＋其它eg:1）Igotoworkbybuseveryday2）youwatchTVeverynight.3）weplaybasketballontheweekends.4）Theyhavelessonseverymoring.一般过去时用来表示在过去的时间里发生的动作．主语＋动词过去式（+ed)＋其它eg:1）Iwenttoworkbybusyesterday.2）youwatchedTVlastnight.3）Weplayedbasketballlastweekend.4）Theyhadlessonstwodaysago.1）Hewasathomelastnight.2）Myparentswereintheparkjustnow.3）TheyenjoyedthefashionshowlastFriday.4）Hewenttothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天去玩具店了。1.肯定陈述句主语+动词的过去式+其它四.一般过去时的常见句型2.否定陈述句主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其它主语+didnot(didn‘t)+动词原形+其它1）Hewasn’tathomelastnight.2）Thechildrenweren’tinBeijinglastFriday.3）Theydidn'tenjoythefashionshowlastFriday.4）Hedidn'tgotothetoystoreyesterday.他昨天没去玩具店1）Washeathomelastnight?---Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.2）Werethechildrenintheparkjustnow?---Yes,theywere./No,theyweren’t.3）DidtheyenjoythefashionshowlastFriday?---Yes,theydid./No,theydidn't.4）DidyougotoBeijinglastweek?---Yes,wedid.(No,wedidn't.)5）Didyoumeetthebusinessmanbefore?---No,Ididn't.(Yes,Idid.)3.一般疑问句Did(was/were)+主语＋动词原形＋其它？1）Whenwasheathome?---Lastnight.2）Whenweretheyinthepark?---Justnow.3）WhendidtheyliveinBeijing?---Lastyear.4）Whatdidyoudolastnight?---Ididmyhomework.5）Wheredidyougolastweek?---IwenttoShanghaiwithmyparents4.特殊疑问句疑问词＋did(was/were)+主语＋动词原形＋其它？一般过去时的四大公式(问动作)1.Whatdid…do+过去的时间?…+动词过去式.例:WhatdidMissTangdolastnight?ShewatchedTV.1.Whatdidyoudothreedaysago?(做作业)2.Whatdidshedothreedaysago?3.Whatdidhedothreedaysago?4.Whatdidtheydothreedaysago?5.WhatdidSallydothreedaysago?6.WhatdidMr.Liudothreedaysago?例:1)Wheredidyougoonyourholiday?IwenttoCanadaonmyholiday.2)Wheredidyougoonyourholiday?Wewenttothecinema.(问位置)2.Wheredid…go+过去的时间?…wentto+地方或:…wenttothe+地点.1.Wheredidyougothreedaysago?(去佛山)2.Wheredidshegothreedaysago?3.Wheredidhego?(去书店)4.Wheredidtheygo?5.WheredidSallygo?(去学校)6.WheredidMr.Liugo?(问交通3.Howdid…go/与go有关的短语)?方式)…+went+交通方式.例:HowdidCocogo?Cocowentonfoot.HowdidCocogotoschool?Cocowentonfoot.1.HowdidyougotoBeijing?2.HowdidshegotoJapan?3.HowdidhegotoSichuan?4.HowdidtheygototheUSA?5.HowdidSallygotoschool?6.HowdidMr.Liugohome?例:1)Whendidshego?ShewentlastSunday.2)WhendidshegotoBejing?Shewentlastwinterholiday.(问时间)4.Whendid…go/与go有关的短语?…went+过去的时间.或:Whendid…+动词(原形)?…+动词过去式+过去的时间.(完整的动作)3)Whendidheplayfootball?Heplayedfootballtwodaysago.4)Whendidhegotobedtwodaysago?Hewenttobedat9.1.Whendidyougo?(上周末)2.Whendidshego?3.Whendidhegotothecinema?(上周)4.Whendidtheygotothecinema?5.WhendidDaMingrowaboat?6.WhendidDaMingdohomework?7.WhendidSallygohiking?8.WhendidMr.Liugotobed?其他:1.Did……+动词(原形)+过去时间?Yes,…did./No,…didn’t.如:Didyouplayfootballyesterday?1)Didyoucleantheroom?2)Didshegoswimmingyesterday?3)DidyourleghurtlastMonday?其他:1.Was…?Yes,…was./No,…wasn’t.如:Wasitsunnyyesterday?1)Wastheweatherrainyyesterday?2)WasMissTangexcitedlastweek?3)WasHuangJunjiebored?其他:1.Were…?Yes,…were./No,…weren’t.如: