名词性从句讲解公开课

nounclause名词性从句第一轮复习NounClause:FunctionsasaNOUNinasentence.Question:Whatisthefunctionofanouninasentence?名词在句中可以充当什么成分?Pointoutthefunctionofeachnouninthefollowingsentences:1.Theworldlovesnature.2.Knowledgeispower.3.WeChinesearepeace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativesubjectsubjectappositionpredicativeWhatarenounclauses?Hisstoryisinteresting.Whathesaidisinteresting.Iheardhisstory.Iheardwhathesaid.Ilistentohisstory.Ilistentowhathesaid.Thisishisstory.Thisiswhathesaid.Theideaofgoingthereisgood.Theideathatwegothereisgood.SubjectclauseObjectclauseObjectclauseafteraprepositionPredictiveclauseAppositiveclause什么叫名词性从句？•在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）•名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等•因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句名词性从句nounclause主语从句subjectclause宾语从句objectclause表语从句predicativeclause同位语从句appositiveclauseWhatkindofclausesarethey?Whatthedriveroftheyellowcardidmademeextremelyangry.Whyshedidthisisstillunknown.It’shardtoforgetwhatwehavelearnedinhisclasses.Pleasedon’ttellmymotherwhenI’llgivehermygift.That’swhyIcan’tfollowyou.Theproblemisthatit’sveryhardtocatchyourwords.Thefactthathetellsliesallthetimemakesussurprised.Thereisnodoubtthatitwillraintomorrow.I’mnotsurewhetheryouwouldlikeitornot.ShefeltverysurprisedthatIfinisheditallbymyself.Ihavenoideawhereheis.Pleasetellusthetruthhowmanypeopleweredrownedintheflood.Thenoveltellsthatthetruthalwaystakesthesideofthemajorityofpeople.Ican’texplainwhyhebehaveslikethat.Howhefinisheddoingthatisnotimportant.Wherewewillgohasn’tbeendecidedyet.名词性从句中的连接词有:连词:that/whether/asif(though);连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词:where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。•连词:引导从句，但在从句中不作成分that：无词义，不作成分，起连接作用whether/if：“是否”不作成分，起连接作用If只用于宾从中asif(though)：“好象”只连接表语从句•连接代词：引导从句，并在从句中作成分What（ever）：（无论）什么，作主，宾，表，定语which（ever）：（无论）哪一个（些）作主，宾，表，定语Who（ever）：“（无论）谁（主格）”作主，宾Whom（ever）：“（无论）谁（宾格）”作宾whose（ever）：“（无论）谁的，作定•连接副词:引导从句，作状语•When（ever）：“什么时候”作状语•where：“什么地方”•how：怎样•why：为什么•从句中用陈述句序：疑问词+陈述句语序分类词形词义作从句的成分注意点连接词that//宾从中可省whether/if是否/If只用于宾从中有ornot时不能用asif(though)好象//连接代词What（ever）（无论）什么，作主，宾，表，定语…….东西，……事情which（ever）（无论）哪一个（些）作主，宾，表，定语/Who（ever）“（无论）谁（主格）”作主，宾/Whom（ever）“（无论）谁（宾格）”作宾/whose（ever）“（无论）谁的，作定/连接副词When（ever）“什么时候”作状语/where“什么地方”作状语/how怎样作状语/why为什么作状语/Finishexerciseonpage9(textbook):underlineallthenounclausesyoucanfind（1）名词性从句构成有3种a.That+陈述句•Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.b.if/whether+陈述句Nooneknewif/whetherhelosthissightbecauseofanaccident.c.疑问词+句子的剩余成分Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.名词性从句考点归纳一、名词性从句的语序：陈述语序(1)that和whether/if引导的从句Shesensedsomething.AtallmaninadarkcoatwasstaringatherShesensedthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.Shewondered.Wouldthebusesstillberunning?Shewonderedif/whetherthebuseswouldstillberunning.(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句也要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句（倒装）语序。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()FTTF1.主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分1).hewillsucceediscertain.2)hewillgothereisnotknown.3)hesaidisnottrue.4)hehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5)comesiswelcome.6)It’scertainhewillsucceed.7)wecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.8)they’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.ThatWhetherWhatWhereWhoeverthatHowWhen由that引导:1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.2._____________________isknowntoall.(地球是圆的)3.________________________isapity.(你错过了这次机会)that无意义,后接一个完整的句子.that不可省ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance考点一:主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--由连词whether和if,连接代词what,who,which和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导.也常常后置:Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.•Itdoesn’tmatterif/whetherheisaforeigner.•Itisaquestionwhetherheiswillingtocome.•Itisunknownhowshehasreducedherweightinsuchashorttime.It的用法：（形式主语）It’possible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reported…that..据说/据报道…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat..已经通知/宣布…Itseems/appears/happens..that…显然、明显、碰巧..It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying….（俗话说）Itiswellknown/reported/thought/said…that…Itisclear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful…that…Itisapity/ashame/anhonour/that…Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…Itseemsthat…Ithappensthat…•考点二•注意：主语从句中，谓语动词一般用单数•What引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定•Whatheneeds_is_thatbook.•Whatheneeds_are_somebooks.宾语从句宾语从句：1.从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、形容词，不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）连词：that,whether，if（that常可省略）who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whenwherewhyhow1).Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.2).Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.3)Iamafraidthathedidn’tcallme.4).Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.5).Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.用if或whether填空•1.Idon’tknow_______I’llbefreetomorrow.•2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.•3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.whether/ifwhetherwhether1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句a..当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if.eg:Idon’tknowwhetherIwillstayornot.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能