考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷477

考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷477(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、ReadingComprehension(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.SectionIIReadingComprehension（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.PartB（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：Whenwecomparemenwithanimals,wemustrememberthatamanisalsoananimal.Butinmakingthiscomparison,itissometimesmoreconvenienttorefertotherestoftheanimalkingdomasanimals.1Manyanimalsareintelligentinthesensethattheycanexploretheirsurroundingsoracquirenewskillsbylearningfromtheirparents.Animalorganismshaveorganswhosephysicalpowerexceedsthepowerofmen.Thebodiesofmenhavenowingsandcannotfly.Mencannotimitatefishandspendlongperiodsunderwaterunlesstheycarrybreathingapparatuswiththem.2Butitisveryuncommonforanimalstogomadordestroytheirownkind.Animals,lefttothemselves,donotdisturbthebalanceofnature.Theydonotturngrasslandintodesertormakewaterundrinkablebyfillingwholelakesandriverswithwastematerials.Comparedwithmostotherorganisms—ifweseehimasapartofnature—maniswastefulanddestructive.Thoughheismoreintelligentthananimals,heoftenuseshisintelligenceforstrangepurposes.3ThispowerispossessedbytherichbusinessmaninChicagoandthepoor,primitiveBushmanoftheKalahariDesertinAfrica.ItmayindeedshowitselfmoreobviouslyintheBushman,whoseenvironmentdoesnotprovidehimwithsecurityandwhoseentirefoodsupplyisacquiredbyfacingnewsituations.Itisapowerwhichcanbewastedormisusedorbeweakenedthroughneglect.Butitisapowerwhichbelongstoeveryhumanbeing.4Languagegivesdepthtohumancommunitiesintime.Itenablesonegenerationtohandonitsexperiencetoanother,bymeansofstories,whicharetheoriginofhumanhistory.Itisonlyhumanbeingswhorecognizeapastandfuture,andwhofeelthattheystandatacertainpointinthedevelopmentoftheircommunity.5Thisbringsustoanotheraspectofhumanintelligence.Manismoreadaptablethananimals,butintheagesofcivilizationhehasusedthispowerinaspecialway.Afewcommunities,liketheAfricanBushman,stillmanagetosurviveinaprimitiveway.Butothermenwishtomaketheirfuturemoresecureandtrytofindawayofdoingthis,whichistypicalofcivilizedcommunities.[A]Wecallthiscapacityintelligence.Itschiefinstrumentorweaponishumanlanguage,asystemofsymbols(spokenorwritten)whichenablesmentocommunicateinformationandpurpose,andseeonesituationintermsofanother.Theabilitytousesymbolsisnotpossessedbyanimals,anditisamajoraspectofhumanintelligence.[B]Likeanimals,menareadaptedtoacertainenvironment.Theyrequirefoodandwater;theycandigestonlycertainkindsoffood.Theyrequirewarmth;theycansurviveonlywithincertainlimitsoftemperature.[C]Man'ssenseoffutureleadshimtoprovideforthefuture.Heaccumulatesfood,clothes,usefulobjects,rawmaterials,buildings,informationandinmoderntimesheaccumulatesmoney—themeansofexchangeandthereforeanimportantmeansofpoweroverothermen.[D]Differentfromananimal,manisabletoconvertanaturalenvironmentintoahuman,socialenvironment—anenvironmentwhichrepresentstheaccumulatedlaborofmanygenerations.[E]Wecannotsaythatmenaresuperiortoanimals.Buttheydifferfromanimalsinseveralimportantways.Andallthesedifferencesarereallyaspectsofoneandthesamedifference.Thiscentraldifferenceisman'sunusualmentalflexibility,hisabilitytomeetanewsituationinanewwayandhiscapacitytolearnfromhisexperienceandtheexperienceofothers.[F]Itisverydoubtfulwhethermenaresuperiortoanimals.Itistruethattheirresponsesaremorecomplex.[G]Manisconcernedabouthislivingenvironment.Thediscoveriesofscienceandtheinventionsoftechnologyhaveproducedanenvironmentwhichisalmostequivalenttoasecond,outershellofbodyandisadaptednotonlytolocalconditionsbutalsotoaverywiderangeofvariationsinclimate,altitudeandotherfeaturesofthegeographicalsurroundings.（分数：10.00）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：B）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：F）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：E）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：A）填空项1:__________________（正确答案：C）解析：解析：空格前一段最后一句说，“Itisonlyhumanbeingswhorecognizeapastandfuture，andwhofeelthattheystandatacertainpointinthedevelopmentoftheircommunity”，句中谈到，只有人能认识过去和未来，能从社会的发展来看自己所处的阶段。C项一开头就说，“Man’ssenseoffutureleadshimtoprovideforthefuture”正好与上文在逻辑上相吻合。接着阐述这种“未来感”的具体表现。最后一段中，作者谈到人类智力的另一个方面，即对周围环境的改变的适应能力，这一点是文明社会所特有的。实际上，这说明了人与动物不同的又一方面。Rainforeststructureisdistinctfrommostotherforesttypesbecauseofitsmanylayersofvegetation,referredtoasstrata.Theloweststratumistheunderstory,composedofpalms,herbaceousplants(suchaswildginger),andtreeseedlingsandsaplings.1Manyhavedeepredcoloringontheundersideoftheirleavestocapturesomeofthescarcelightthatdoesmanagetoreachtheforestunderstory.Thisredcoloringenablesunderstoryplantstoabsorblightofdifferentwavelengthsthandotheplantswithrich,green-foliagedcanopy,theumbrella-shapedupperstructureoftrees.Abovetheforestfloorbutbelowthecanopyareoneormoremidstorystrata,madeupofwoodyplants,suchaslargeshrubsandmidsizedtrees.Theoverstoryisthecanopy,inwhichthetreecrownsformacontinuouslayerthatcapturesthemajorpartoftherainwaterandsunlighthittingtheforest.Theheightofthecanopyvariesfromregiontoregionandforesttoforest,rangingfrom20to50m(65to165ft).2Researchersusehotairba