国际商法英文版

©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallInternationalBusinessLawTextbookRayAugust,DonMayer,MichaelBixby.“InternationalBusinessLaw——Text,CasesandReadings”6thEditionPearson©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallInternationalBusinessLaw(2Credits)Purpose:Thiscourseaimstogivestudentsfrommanyculturesandtraditionsagoodlookattheoverallstructureoftheglobal“legalenvironment”inwhichbusinessoperatestoday.Thefocuswillbeongloballegalissuesconcerningstateresponsibilityandenvironmentalregulation,disputesettlement,tradeinGoods,servicesandlabour,intellectualproperty,sales,andtransportation,whichshowsboththediversityandsimilarityofbusinessandofthelaw.本课程从多种文化、传统入手，培养学生审视当今企业经营所处的全球“法律环境”的整体结构，重点放在全球性法律问题，涉及国家责任和环境规制、争端解决、货物贸易、服务与劳务、知识产权、销售、运输等业务，揭示商务和法律的多样性与相似性。©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallTheoreticalStudyIntroductiontoInternationalandComparativeLaw国际法与比较法入门StateResponsibilityandEnvironmentalRegulation国家责任和环境规制DisputeSettlement争端解决TradeinGoods货物贸易ServicesandLabour服务与劳务IntellectualProperty知识产权Sales销售Transportation运输©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallCaseStudy:1.CommissionoftheEuropeanCommunitiesv.FederalRepublicofGermany欧共体委员会诉联邦德国案2.China’srefusaltoacceptthedoctrineofrestrictivesovereignimmunity中国拒绝接受国家主权有限豁免原则案3.SouthernBluefinTunaCases:ProvisionalMeasures南方蓝鳍金枪鱼案：临时措施4.Japan---TaxesonAlcoholicBeverages日本—酒精饮料税收案5.UnitedStates---ImportProhibitionofCertainShrimpandShrimpProducts美国—虾及虾产品进口限制案©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallCaseStudy:6.EuropeanCommunities---RegimefortheImportation,SaleandDistributionofBananas欧共体—香蕉进口、销售、分销制度案7.L’Orealv.eBay欧莱雅诉eBay案8.TheNaturalGasCase天然气案9.GreatChinaMetalIndustriesCo.Ltd.V.MalaysianInternationalShippingCorp.中国金属工业有限公司诉马来西亚国际航运公司案©2009PearsonEducationInc.publishingasPrenticeHall1-1Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTOINTERNATIONALANDCOMPARATIVELAW©2009PearsonEducationInc.publishingasPrenticeHall1-2CHAPTER1DefiningInternationalLawMakingInternationalLawSourcesofInternationallawScopeofInternationalLawinPracticeInternationalPersonsIndividualRightsUnderInternationalLawComparisonofMunicipalLegalSystems©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHall1-3InternationalLawHistorically,dealtwiththerulesandnormsregulatingtherelationshipsbetweenstates(countries)ThislawbetweennationsiscalledpublicinternationallawWithgrowthofrelationshipsbetweenpersonsandcorporationsindifferentstates,privateinternationallawdevelopedtogoverntheirconduct©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallwhatisinternationalbusinesslaw?Internationalbusinesslawisthebodyofrulesandnormsthatregulatesbusinessactivitiescarriedoutsidethelegalboundariesofstates.Inparticular,itregulatesthebusinesstransactionsofprivatepersonsinternationally,andtherelationshipofinternationalcommercialorganizations.国际商法是调整跨国商事活动的法律规范的总称。它调整的是国际私人商事交易关系和国际商事组织间的关系.©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallWhatisinternationallaw?Internationallawdealswith3kindsofinternationalrelationships:——thosebetweenstatesandstates,——thosebetweenstatesandpersons,——thosebetweenpersonsandpersons.Traditionally,internationallawwasallabouttherelationshipsbetweenstates.Thatis,thelawofnationsresolvedissuesbetweentwoormorestates,andthelegalrelationshipsbetweenandamongstatesiswhatisgenerallycalledpublicinternationallaw.Astransactionsamongprivateentitiesgrew,thephraseprivateinternationallawwasappliedtothelawsgoverningconductbetweenpeople(andcorporations)fromdifferentstates.©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallFormany,internationallawremainsacontradictioninterms.Thereisnosingleworldgovernmenttomakeandenforcelaws,andnogloballyrecognizedforuminwhichtobringdisputesbetweencitizensofdifferentnations-states.Tothosewhoseelawas“thecommandofasovereign”,themoreconsensualnature(诺成性，契约性)ofinternationallawmakesit“soft”lawornolawatall.Moreover,thedeclineinthepowerofstatesrelativetotheprivatesectorposesnewchallengestocontemporaryinternationallaw.Today,theterminternationallawappliestoanyconductoutsidetheboundariesofstates,whetherofapublicoraprivatenature.©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallThereareatleast3waysoflookingatinternationallaw.Cosmopolitans（世界主义者）claimthatinternationallawisbasedonuniversalhumanrights.Thus,internationallawshouldrestrainstatesfromviolatingnormsbasedonuniversalhumanrights,andtheconsentofastateisirrelevant.Bycontrast,Positivists(实证主义者)focusonthesovereigntyofstatesandtheirconsenttolimitsonthatsovereignty.ThusPositivistsclaimthatinternationallawisbasedon(1)thesovereignequalityofallstatesintheinternationalsystemand(2)stateconsenttoindividualinternationallaws,eitherthroughtreatiesorcustoms.©2009PearsonEducationIncpublishingasPrenticeHallPositivistsinternationallawcanbeseenasaseriesofcontractsbetweenstates;internationallawbecomesbindingonlythroughsuchexplicitorimplicitcontracts.IncontrasttoeitherCosmopolitansorPositivists,Hobbesians(霍布斯主义“Leviathan”利维坦)aremorecynical,believingthatstateswillmakeagreementsandabidebyinternationallawonlywhenitsuitstheirself-interests.©2009PearsonEducationIncpub