雅思阅读常见词根词缀

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雅思阅读常见词根词缀总结前缀(Prefix)一.反义词前缀1)un-:uncover,unlock,unhappy,uncomfortable,unrealized,unquestioning,unpredictable,uneven:揭开,开锁,不开心,不舒适,未意识到的,不问是非的,无法预测的,不平坦的2)in-:inadequate,inaccessible,invaluable,inequality不充足的,无法达到的,价值连城的,不平等的3)im-:immodest,impossible,impolite,impractical不谦虚的,不可能的,不礼貌的,不实际的4)il,ir-:illegal,irregular,irreversible不合法的,不规则的,不可逆转的5)de-:decrease,decode,deforestation,deinked,degrade减少,解码,砍树,褪色,降级6)dis-:disagree,disease,discharge,disintegrated,disharmony不同意,疾病,释放,分离的,不和谐7)non-:non-existent,non-government不存在的,无政府8)anti-:anti-Japanese,Antarctic,anticlockwise抗日,南极,逆时针地9)contra-,contro-,counter-:contradictory,counteract,countermeasure,contrast有矛盾的,抵消,应对措施,对比二.数字前缀1)uni-(one):unit,unique,uniform单位,独特的,制服2)mono-(one):monologue,monopoly,monoculture独白,垄断,单一文化3)multi-(many,much):multicultural,multicolor,multimedia,multipurpose,multi-skilled,multinational多文化的,多种色彩,多媒体,多意图,多技能的,跨国的4)poly-(many,several):polysemy,polycentric一词多义,多中心的5)bi-(two):bilingual,bicycle双语的,自行车6)tri-(three):triangle三角形7)kilo(thousand):kilometer,kilogram,kilowatt千米,千克,千瓦8)milli-(thousandth):milligram,millimeter毫克,毫米9)centi-(hundred,hundredth):centimeter,centigrade厘米,摄氏温度三.其他含有特定含义的前缀1)re-(again,back再次;回来;反):recall,recreation,reemergence,replace,reproduce,return,resist回忆,再造,重现,代替,繁殖,回来,抵抗2)mis-(wrong,bad,badly错误地):misunderstand,misuse,mislead,misinterpret,misconception误解,误用,误导,误译,误解3)co-,com-,con-(together一起):co-exist,cooperate共存,合作,配合,4)inter-(between之间;互相):international,interact,interview,interlock,interdependent,interrelationship国际的,互动,面试,联锁,相互依赖的,相互关系5)pre-(before在…之前):preview,prehistoric,predict预习,史前的,预测,6)post-(after在…之后):postgraduate,postwar,postpone研究生,战后,推迟7)over-(excessive,above超过):overhear,overheat,oversupply无意中听到,过热,供过于求8)auto-(self自己):autobiography,automatic自传,自动的9)super-(over,above超过):superior,supernatural,supervision,supersonic有优势的,超自然的,监督,超音速的10)sub-(under在下面):submarine,subway潜水艇,地铁11)tele-(faroff,distant远距离地):television,telecommunication电视,远程通信(电信)12)trans-(across到另一边):transform,transport,transfer变形,交通,转移13)micro-(small微小的):microwave,microscope,microcosm微波,显微镜,微观14)min-(little,small小的):minibus,minimize,minimum小型巴士,使最小化,最小量15)semi-,hemi-(half,partial一半):semiconductor,semifinal,hemisphere半导体,半决赛,半球后缀(suffix)一.名词后缀1.表示“某种人或物”1)-er.-or,-ar:owner,leader,actor,conductor,beggar,scholar,pain-killer,refrigerator,air-conditioner,generator,manufacturer,reactor主人,领导,演员,导体,乞丐,学者,止痛药,冰箱,空调,发电机,制造商,反应堆2)-ee:employee,nominee雇员,被提名者3)-ess:hostess,actress女主人,女演员4)-ist,-ian:scientist,pianist,communist,musician,magician科学家,钢琴家,共产党员,音乐家,魔术师5)-ese,-an,-ean,-ish:Portuguese,American,European,British葡萄牙人(语),美国的,欧洲的,英国的6)-ant,-ate,-ent:assistant,immigrant,advocate,student助手,移民,支持者,学生7)–air,-eer,-ier:millionaire,engineer,volunteer,premier百万富翁,工程师,志愿者,首相2.表示抽象意义的名词1)-ion(-tion,-ation,-sion):protection,civilization,discussion,decision保护,文明,讨论,决定2)-ing:building,painting建筑,绘画3)-ance:acceptance,assistance接受,协助4)-ment:judgment,movement判断,移动5)-al:refusal,arrival拒绝,到达6)-age:marriage,usage婚姻,用法7)-ure:failure,pleasure失败,快乐8)-ty,-y:loyalty,cruelty,honesty忠诚,残忍,诚实9)-ity:activity,reality,humidity活动,现实,湿度10)-ence:confidence,difference,innocence自信,差异,天真11)-th:truth,width,health真想,宽度,健康12)-dom:freedom自由13)-ness:kindness友好14)-ship:friendship友谊15)-hood:childhood童年16)-ism:communism共产主义17)-ic(s):logics,physics,mathematics逻辑学,物理学,数学3.表示“集合”1)-ary:dictionary,vocabulary字典,词汇2)-ry:machinery,scenery机械,景色4.表示“地点”1)-age:village村庄2)-ery:bakery面包房3)-ory:dormitory,laboratory寝室,实验室4)-um:aquarium,museum,gymnasium水族馆,博物馆,体育馆二.形容词后缀1)-able,-ble:changeable,reasonable,horrible,incredible善变的,理性的,恐怖的,难以置信的2)-al,ial:critical,exceptional,racialindustrial关键的,卓越的,种族的,工业的3)-an,ian:European,American,republican,suburban,Egyptian欧洲的,美国的,共和的,郊区的,埃及的4)-ant.-ent:ignorant,obedient不理睬的,顺从的5)-ary:elementary,imaginary初级的,虚构的6)-ate,-ete,-ute:accurate,considerable,complete,absolute准确的,考虑周到的,完整的,绝对的7)-ed:aged,gifted,warm-hearted老化了的,有天赋的,热心肠的8)-en:golden,woolen金子般的,羊毛的9)-ern:eastern,modern,southern东方的,现代的,南方的10)-ful:plentiful,thoughtful,willful,purposeful大量的,深思的,有意志的,故意的11)-less:fearless,aimless,paperless,useless无惧的,漫无目标的,无纸化的,无用的12)-ic:historic,academic,Islamic,economic有重大历史意义的,学术的,伊斯兰教的,经济的13)-ical:chemical,typical,physical化学的,典型的,物质的14)-ous,-ious:industrious,spacious,ambitious,mysterious兢兢业业的,宽敞的,有野心的,神秘的15)-ing,-ed:charming,amazing,excited,pleased,changing,untreated有魅力的,令人惊讶的,兴奋的,快乐的,变化中的,未受治疗的16)-ior:superior,inferior,junior,senior,interior有优势的,劣势的,初级的,高级的,里面的17)-most:uppermost,innermost最上面的,最里面的18)-y:cloudy,icy,greedy多云的,结冰的,贪婪的19)-ive:massive,relative,productive,creative,administrative,decisive,destructive巨大的,相关的,多产的,有创造力的,行政的,决定性的,破坏性的20)-ly:costly,friendly,weekly昂贵的,友好的,每周的21)-ory:compulsory,contradictory,satisfactory强制的,矛盾的,令人满意的22)-some:tiresome,troublesome令人疲倦的,麻烦的23)-like:childlike,warlike,typewriter-like像小孩子的,好战的,打字员样的24)-proof:waterproof,soundproof,bulletproof防水,隔音,防弹三.动词后缀1)-ate:isolate,nominate,evaluate,fascinate使隔离,任命,评价,吸引2)-en:sharpen,strengthen,worsen,fasten,widen,lighten使锋利,使增强,使变差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