辅音训练 Microsoft PowerPoint 演示文稿

双唇爆破辅音/p/和/b/语音学描述：1双唇紧闭，然后突然分开，让气流冲出口腔。2/p/是清辅音，送气，声带不振动。3/b/是浊辅音，不送气，声带振动。Note:1)当/p/或/b/出现在词末时要发得轻而短促，切忌受汉语影响加上弱元音/[/。注意不要用读汉语拼音的方法读这两个音。2）爆破音在/s/音后不送气，如speak不能念成“思批克”，其中/p/音要发得近似汉语的“b”音。Minimalpairs/p//b/piebuypenbeeplankblankpumpbumpcapcabmopmobroperobetopjob读读练练basketballplayerpushthebuttonpeace-lovingpeoplePracticemakesperfect.Billbrokehispromise.Thepickpocketwaspeepingintohispocket.自己练grababitPrideandPrejudiceProbablyThebigbuildingistwoblocksaway.爆破辅音/t/和/d/语音学描述：1舌尖紧贴上齿龈，但不接触上齿，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，让气流冲出口腔。2/t/是清辅音，送气，声带不振动。3/d/是浊辅音，不送气，声带振动。Note：1当/t/或/d/出现在词末时，因汉语影响加上弱元音/[/。注意不要用读汉语拼音的方法读这两个音。2象汉语一样把舌尖贴在上齿内侧，如发“特”“的”一样。如果把舌位处理成和汉语一样，那么/tr/和/dr/就无法读成连缀了。模仿/t//d/tidediedteardearteamdeemtwodofeetfeedletledneatneedsatsad读读练练Stoptalking!Notatall.What’sthedatetoday?Don’ttellmewhatitis.Theoldlady’sdaughterisadoctor.Good,better,best.Neverletitrest.Untilgoodisbetter.Andbetterbest.爆破辅音/k/和/g/语音学描述：1舌后部上抬紧贴上腭，形成阻碍，然后突然离开，让气流冲出口腔。2/k/是清辅音，送气，声带不振动。3/g/是浊辅音，不送气，声带振动。Note：当/k/或/g/出现在词末时，因汉语影响加上弱元音/[/。如读汉语的“克”、“哥”一样。模仿/k//g/classglasscomegumcranegrainquestguestlacklagleakleaguepickpigtaketag读读练练catchcoldtakealookputallone’seggsinonebasketHeisagoodguy.Hegetupatsixo’clock.Thekidsoftengohikingatweekends.Carekilledacat.Acatmaylookattheking.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.爆破音的不完全爆破现象1(1)“爆破音+爆破音”型6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时，前一个爆破音会失去爆破，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。如：abigcatatthattimeThegirlinthere(d)coatwasonabla(ck)bike.Thisisanol(d)pi(c)tureofabi(g)car.Theol(d)do(c)torhasaca(t),too.(2)“爆破音+摩擦音”型如果前面是爆破音，其后紧跟着某些摩擦音（如/f/，/v/,/z/,/s/等），那么前面那个爆破音仅有十分轻微的爆破，而后面那个摩擦音则要完全爆破。Ididn\'(t)sayso.agrea(t)changeImetagoo(d)friendofmineyesterday.Theydidn’(t)stoptheconcertafterthea(c)cident.ButIdon’(t)thinkit’sagoo(d)theatre.Pleasewri(te)themdownhereintheform.Thesecon(d)studentisDavi(d)Smith.(3)“爆破音+破擦音”型若前面是爆破音，其后紧跟某些破擦音（如/ts/，/dz/，/tr/,/dr/），则前者有爆破但十分轻微的爆破，后者则须完全爆破。Theol(d)chairisqui(te)cheap.It’sagoo(d)chancetolearnEnglish.Myuncledidn’(t)buythebla(ck)jeep.Thebi(g)truckisnearthebi(g)tree.Theyoungmanonlyaskedforacol(d)drink.(4)“爆破音+鼻辅音或舌边音”型当爆破音后面紧跟着一个鼻音/m/,/n/,或舌边音/l/时，憋住的气流就会从鼻腔或舌侧泄出,进产生轻微的爆破，这两种情况称为鼻腔爆破或舌侧爆破。Itwasthebes(t)museuma(t)tha(t)time.UncleLi’sfa(c)toryisqui(te)neartothecinema.Iwen(t)therealonea(t)ninelas(t)night.-Doyouknowhisbi(ke)number?-Sorry,Idon’(t)know.Theforty-firs(t)lessonisqui(te)difficult.摩擦辅音－唇齿摩擦音/f/和/v/发音要领上齿轻轻接触下唇，气流通过唇齿间的缝隙泻出，摩擦成音。/f/是清辅音，送气，声带不振动。/v/是浊辅音，不送气，声带振动常见错误1.当/f/出现在词末时，声带震动而发音2.汉语中没有/v/,易误读成/w/Minimalpairs/f//v/fastvastfanvanfewviewfowlvowelleafleaveproofprovesafesavesurfserve词组，句子训练veryfastbeautifulflowerafineviewofthemountainasfarbackas1995Fortunefavorsthebrave.Feedacoldandstarveafever.ItisoneofmyfavoritenovelIfeltasifhe’dneverknowfatigue.ItisverydifficultforustofinishitbeforefiveTurningaround,hefoundhimselfface-to–facewithhisfather.摩擦辅音－齿龈音/s/和/z/舌尖后收，不接触牙齿气流经舌头中央形成一个凹槽，再通过舌尖与齿龈衔接处排出而产生摩擦不如汉语中的“丝”那么清脆汉语中无/z/音，注意汉语拼音中的z的发音/dz//s/和/z/在词尾的发音规则1）－s在元音后读/z/Trees，keys，pays，fees2）清清浊浊－s在清辅音后读/s/，在浊辅音后读/z/Books，cakes，shipspigs，begs，friendsMinimalpairs/s//z/sealzonesownzonesuezoobusbuzziceeyeslooseloseraceraiseused（习惯了used(旧的）词组，句子训练brothersandsisterssinganddancesumupexperiencesixpairsofscissorsIusedtosmokesingusasong,pleaseSpeaklessandlistenmoreAstilltonguemakesawiseheadManproposes,Goddisposes.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.摩擦辅音－舌齿音/W/和/T/重点咬舌舌尖轻触上齿，并须略略露出牙齿，气流由舌尖冲出Minimalpairsthankthanthemethesethickthisbathbathebreathbreatheclothclothe对比一下各组发音thinsinthingsingfaithfacemouthmouse/T//z/breathebreezeclotheclosewritheriseseethe(沸腾）seize注意摩擦音和破擦音的区别/W//t/thanktankthemeteamthicktickthoughtaught/T//d/theredaretheydaythosedozethusdust/W//f/thirstfirstthoughfoughtthreefreethrowfro练一练Athousandthanks!CathyhasthreebrothersTheymaythankthemselvesforthat.Mr.Smithtalkedaboutthis,thatandtheother.Theywillsticktogetherthroughthickandthin.Theseacoversalmostthree-fourthsoftheearth’ssurface.Theteacherpointedoutthatthat“that”thatthatstudenthadwrittenwasinawrongplace.Stopthief!Thereissomething.(有道理。）MaythefourthisChina’sYouthDay.Thisisbetterthanthat.They’vebeenthereformorethanthreemouths.Therumorpassedfrommouthtomouth.摩擦辅音－硬腭齿龈音/F/和/V/语音学描述：舌前端靠近上齿龈后部，舌两侧向上腭卷起，舌中间形成一条狭长的通道，气流通过时摩擦成音。双唇向前突出，略成方形/F/发音介于汉语的“西”和“失”之间/V/发音介于汉语的“几”和“日”之间单词训练/F//V/cashleisurefishmeasureshippleasureshoevision练一练Don’tmentionit.IsshestudyingEnglish?Sheshowedherappreciationformyhelp.Measureformeasure.Shesellsseashellsontheseashore.Shetakespleasureinwindow-shopping.Theshopkeepergavemeshortmeasure.Inherleisuretimesheusuallystaysathomeandwatchestelevision.Sheshudderedandshiveredwhensheheardtheshockingexplosion.破擦辅音－齿龈音/ts/和/dz/与汉语拼音中的c和z接近，但发音部位不同。舌端贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，然后让气流猛然冲出口腔。词组，句子训练oddsandends零碎的事情hundredsofpeasantsthousandsofbirdsThatsoundsbetterNowlet’sgoandmeetourguestsThestudentswereinhighspiritsallthroughthesportsmeeting.HeoftenputshishandsinhispocketsHesometimessendspostcardstohisfriends.Minimalpairs/ts//dz/cartscardsmatesmaidsratesraidsseatsseeds破擦辅音－硬腭齿龈音/tF/和/dV/语音学描述舌前端