阴阳五行说之我见

95962/200797982/2007991002/20071011022/20071031042/2007105188,:,,,,,,,18,,,,,,,,,,,(40),:,,;(),,,200,,,,,,,(:)[],:,2006,212216[],2001,32:2006,509220509(105),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,?(:)2/2007:20,519190importantpartofsocietymemorywhenlocalautonomywitherawayoredge.OntheCampaignofCriticizingtheFilmWuXunZhuaninShanghaiin1951YANGJunThefilmWuXunZhuanwasfirstmade,censoredandshowninShanghai,whereitreceivedlotsofcomplimentsandaffirmativecomments.WhenChinawasnewlyfounded,theauthoritywasnotsatisfiedwiththeseriousconfusionofideasinthefilmandinitiatedanationalcriticismtowardsitinMay,1951.Shanghai,whichwasundergreatstress,carriedoutthedirectionoftheauthority,butthefocusincriticismwasabitdifferentduetothedeviatedrecognitionandthespecifichistoricalcontext.ChaosandtheReconstructionoftheClanMemoryinGuizhou-FocusingonZhaitanVillage,JixiCounty,theCityofHuizhouTANGLixingThechaosduringthereignofXianfengEmperorinQingdynastywasthemostterribleoneinthehis2toryofHuizhou,Anhuiprovince,duringwhichthememorialtemplesandancestralgraveswerede2stroyed,thememoryoftheclanwasinterruptedandsowastheritualsystem.ThispaperstudiestheclansurnamedHuinZhaitanVillageofHuizhouasacase,investigatinghowtheclanofHureconstructedtheclanmemoryafterthechaos.ItrevealsthatHuizhouclanmemorysystemwasconsistedoftwosub-sys2tems:thescriptsandrituals,whichrestrictedeachotherandformedacompleteandcomplicatedmemorysystem.Toputitsimple,theChina-specificmemorysystem,withdifferentlayersandinterwovenre2gionalpatterns,contributestotheflourishingandlong-lastingmechanismofChinesecultureMyViewonYin-YangandWuXingHEQuandaThispaperexaminesthesourceofYin-yangTheory,thinkingtheconceptslikeYin,YangandWuXing(fiveevolutivephase)wasfirstdiscussedinGuanzi,furtherimprovedinTheAnnalsofLvBuweiandcompletedinTriflesintheSpringandAutumnPeriod.ThepaperpointsoutthattheancienttheoryofYin-yangandWuxing,thoughtintedwiththeology,canberegardedasatheoryharmonizingmanandnature.Itstatesthatthehumanbeingsareimportantpartsofthenature,peopleshallnotoverorunder-exploitthenatureandtheyshouldclearlyrealizetheinterdependentrelationshipbetweenmanandnature.TheViewofTheMingDynastyBuddhismFaithHowtoChangeXIABangAttitudethatMingDynastythatbuddhismbelieveinateachperiodhavegotthedifferentcharacteris2tic,thiswithbethegovernorhavegottheclosecontact,andthiskindofbethegovernoroftheattitudenotonlyaffectedthesocialpublicedforthefaiththatthebuddhism,andmadetheChinesebuddhismtothemeaningfulvariety,especiallyandlatetheclearfolksbuddhism,andmakethebuddhismtorealmeaningtopdeepintothepublic,becomeChinasocietycan’tfieldthatneglectcharacteristic.LocalLow-rankOfficials,LocalGovernmentsandBureaucraticPolicyofQingDynastZHOUBaomingTheadministrativepoweroflocallow-rankofficialsofQingdynastyresultedfromthedecliningeco2nomicandadministrativepoweroflocalgovernments.Therequirementoftheadministrationpushedthemtotheforeofpower,butthemeagrerewardandtheirunidentifiedstatusforcedthemtostriveforalivingandthevalueoflife.Inthemeantime,theinferioradministrativeabilityoflocalmagistratesprovidedthemwithopportunitiesofrealizingtheirambitions.Theselow-rankofficials,whilegivingrisetosocialconflicts,adjustedtherelationshipbetweenthenationandthesocietyaswell.ThreeApproachestoResearchesintoUrbanHistory-WithShanghai,HongKongandSingaporeasExamplesLIANGYuanshengDuringrecentyears,urbanhistoryresearchhasattractedgreaterattentionfromscholarsbothathomeandabroad.Amongtheirresearchfruits,thefocusofconcerncanbesummarizedintothreequestions:therelationbetweenindustrializationandurbanization,researchesintourbangeographicalspace,andim2migrationcultureanditsvariation.Inlinewiththeauthor’sexperienceofstudyingtheurbanhistoryofmodernChina,thispaperputsforwardthreeapproachestourbanhistoryresearch:tocomparecities,tostudypublichistoryandcommunityhistory,andtoanalyzetheculturalsymbols.2/2007