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ReviewTherestrictiveattributiveclausesFillintheblanksandthentranslate1.IhavefoundthebookIlost.2.Sheisagirlstudieshard.3.IvisitedtheschoolIstudied.which1.我已经找到丢失的书了。who2.她是一个学习用功的女孩。where3.我拜访了我曾经就读的学校。DefinitionofattributiveclausesAttribute(定语）是对名词或者代词起到修饰，限定作用的单词，短语或句子。在汉语中常用“……的”来表示。句子做定语则叫做attributiveclauses(定语从句)。而被定语从句所修饰的名词或者代词，就叫作antecedent(先行词)。引导定语从句的连接词就是relativewords(关系词）。关系词relativepronouns关系代词relativeadverbs关系副词whichthatwhowhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy关系词的作用1.连接作用2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一定成分关系代词在从句中可以……指人指物主语宾语ThatWhichWhowhomwhoseCanrelativepronounsbeleftout?Ifso,when?表示所属关系，“人的…;物的…”1.当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略Thisisthebookwhich/thattheyaretalkingabout.2.当定语从句中有“关系代词+be”的形式，那么关系代词+be可以一起省去Thisisthebookwhichisborrowedbymydeskmate.way作先行词表方式方法时Idon’tliketheway()hespeakstome.that/inwhich/不填thatinwhich不填as引导定语从句1.Asyouknow/see/expect…Asisknown/seen/expected…2.such……asso……asthesame……as1.()iswellknown,theearthisround.2.Thisissuchaninterestingbook()wealllike.3.Thisissointerestingabook()wealllike.4.Thisisthesamebook()Ihave.5.Thisissuchaninterestingbook()wealllikeit.AsasasasthatRelativeadverbs(关系副词)1.Doyouknowthedate()lindawasborn?A.whichB.onwhichC.whenD.whereBCwhen在定语从句中作时间状语指时间，在从句中表示“在…..的时间”=适当的介词+which先行词为时间名词1.Iwillneverforgetthedays()weworkedtogether.2.Iwillneverforgetthedays()wespenttogether.whenwhich/that/不填=duringwhich2.Thefarm()wepickedcottonwas90kilometresaway.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.onwhich作定从的地点状语指地点，在从句中表示“在……的地点”=适当的介词+which先行词为抽象地点名词（situation,case,point,position,stage,condition等），在从句中作状语BDwhere1.Thisisthefactory()myfatherusedtowork.2.Thisisthefactory()myfathervisitedyerterday.3.Ihavereachedapointinmylife()Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.wherewhich/that/不填inwhichwhere3.Idon’tknowthereason()helooksunhappy.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD.\作定语从句的原因状语指原因，在从句中表示“因为……”=for+which先行词为reasonBCwhyIdidn’tbelievethereason()hegaveme.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD.\AD虽然先行词为reason,但是如果连接词在定语从句中中作主语或者宾语，则只能用关系代词。定语从句的位置1.紧跟在所修饰的先行词后YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.2.分裂式定语从句----即先行词与关系词之间被谓语，介词短语等分隔开来Helaughsbestwholaughslast.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvitedtotheimportantball.3.插入式定语从句----在关系代词与定语从句间插入一个句子Isuggestyouchoosesomeonewhoyouthinkiskindandfriendly.解题方法和技巧1.是选择关系代词呢，还是关系副词？首先确定引导词在定语从句中作什么成分。若是做主语或者宾语，则在关系代词中选择；若是作状语，则在关系副词里选择。2.其次看先行词是人还是物；是时间，地点还是reason,way.1.Pleasepassmethedictionary______coverisblack.A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whichof2.Theradioset______lastweekhasbeenoutoforder.A.boughtB.IboughtitC.whichIboughtitD.whatIbought3.Thisisthemuseum______wesawanexhibitiontheotherday.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat4.AbrahamLincolnisaman______Ihavethegreatestrespect.A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.forwhom5.Don'tdosuchthings______youarenotsureabout.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what6.July27,1989istheday______Iwillneverforget,whenwehadawonderfultime.A.onwhichB.whenC.whomD.that7.Thedoctor______isleavingforAfricanextmonth.A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalkingC.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalkingCACDCDC1.Everythingcanbedonehasbeendone.2.Thereisnodifficultywecan’tsmoothaway.thatthat先行词是something,anything,everything,nothing,much,little,none时，引导定语从句用that1.ThisisthebestfilmIhaveeverseen.2.Thefirstthingweshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that1.Ihavereadallthebooksyoulentme.2.Heistheverypersonourcompanyneeds.thatthat先行词被any,some,much,all,very,only,last,few,little等修饰时，引导定语从句用that1.Thefamouswriterandhisworkstheradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Hetalkedaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.thatthat先行词中既有人又有物时，引导定语从句用that1.WhoisthemanisstandingbesideTom?that当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句时，用that引导定语从句不可以用that的情况1.在介词后面，指物时用which,指人时用whom.不可以使用that.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.2.that不可以引导非限制性定语从句关于“介词+关系代词”情况1Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.totoinin可见，who,that不能用在介词之后;介词的选择要根据与动词的搭配情况2下面两句中的介词能提前吗？Isthisthewatchwhichyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短语中介词不能提前情况3关系副词where/when/why很多时候可以转换为介词+which的形式Exercises1.Doyoulikethebookshespent10dollars?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid10dollars?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhich定语从句中的主谓一致Heisoneofthestudentswho(have/has)gottheteacher’spraise.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho(have/has)gottheteacher’spraise.定语从句中如果连接词做主语，那谓语动词的数应与连接词保持一致，即与先行词保持一致。1.Thelastriver______theycrossedistwomileswide.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.inwhich2.TheSummerPalaceisoneofthemostbeautifulparks______builtintheQingDynasty.A.wherewereB.wherewasC.thatwereD.whichwas3.Thisistheveryplace______I'mwishingtolivein.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.inwhich4.Doyouhaveanything______Icandoforyou?A.whichB.whatC.elseD.when5.All______isneededisacupoftea.A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which6.Mr.Herpinisoneoftheforeignexpertswho______inChina.A.worksB.isworkingC.areworkingD.hasbeenworking7.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______toShanghai.A.havegoneB.havebeenC.hasbeenD.hadgone8.Whentheymetagain,thetwofriendstalkedaboutlotsofthingsandpersons______theycouldrememberintheschool.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whichCCCCBCCC定语从句与其他句型的结合1.定