搜索
雅思强化第1讲True/False/NotGivenOrYes/No/NotGiven基本原则：1.注意要求，不要混用或错用。True/False/NotGiven或者Yes/No/NotGiven2.仔细阅读题目，确定题目的含意和其中的关键词，不要主观臆断，所有的题目均从原文找答案。3.顺序原则。题目的顺序和原文的顺序大体一致（偶尔出现乱序）。4题目中否定信息，表示程度或范围的信息，比较级，最高极，虚拟语气，条件状语从句，数字，比例关系，倍数关系，一般为考点。5.解题步骤1）定位，找出题目在原文中的出处(1)找出题目中的一个或两个关键词；(2)从头到尾快速阅读，根据题目中的其它关键词，在原文中找出与题目相关的一句或几句话，确定其位置；(3)仔细阅读这一句话或几句话，比较题目中的关键词与原文，进行判断，确定正确答案。答案为Yes或者True的几种情况：1.题目虽在用词、结构方面与原文不同，但是含义和原文基本保持一致例1原文：Fewaremorethanfiveyearsold.译文：很少有超过五岁的。题目：Mostarelessthanfiveyearsold.译文：大多数都小于五岁的。解释：题目与原文是同义结构，意义基本一致，所以答案应为True例2原文：Frogsarelosingtheecologicalbattleforsurvival,andbiologistsareatalosstoexplaintheirdemise.译文：青蛙失去了生存下来的生态竞争能力，生物学家不能解释它们的死亡。题目：Biologistsareunabletoexplainwhyfrogsaredying.译文：生物学家不能解释为什么青蛙死亡解释：题目中的areunableto与原文中的areatalossto是同义词，题目中的whyfrogsaredying与原文中的theirdemise是同义词，所以答案应为True例3.S:Thetraditionalimagesofthe“malebreadwinner”and“femalehousewifeandmother”maybebreakingdownamongfemalesbutthisprocessisoccurringmoreslowlyamongmales.Q:Menacceptchangingperceptionsoftraditionalgenderrolesmoreslowlythanwomendo.比较双方：男人和女人的角色结论：男人的角色变化慢2.根据原文推断出来成立的题目。S:Thefuture,wearetold,islikelytobedifferent.DetailedsurveysofsocialandeconomictrendsintheEuropeanCommunityshowthatEurope’spopulationisfallingandgettingolder.Q:Inthefuture,thenumberofpeopleinemployableagegroupsofEuropeanCommunitywilldecline.S:Threeoutoffouroftheteachersfeelthattheirworkisrewarding.Q:Themajorityoftheteachersinschoolaresatisfiedwiththeirwork.S:Themachineismadeofsteel.Q:Themachineismadeofmetal.(范围扩大)答案为No或者False的几种情况：1.题目中有下列词的变化原文用词题目用词many/some/several，both…and,and,or,also等表示部分的词All,thewhole,only等表示全部的词，（原文多个条件并列，题目只有一个条件）sometimes,occasionally,unlikely等表示不定频率的词usually/always/impossible等表示固定频率的词feel,consider,think,等表示感受和感受的不确定的词prove,beestablished,berecognized等已成事实的词theoryhypotheses/fact以及题目中含有绝对性的词，如definitely，absolutely，must，anyway，invariably，inevitably，impossible，only，exclusivelyEg1S：Manylecturersfindtheirjobsveryinteresting;Q:Alllecturersgetsomethingpositivefromtheirwork.Eg2S:Womenhavefeweropportunitiesforpromotionandhigherstatusjobs,eveninindustrieswhichemploymostlywomen,tendtobefilledbymen.Q:Menareinvariablypreferredtowomenwhenitcomestopromotion.Eg3S:Eveninwetareasonceteemingwithfrogsandtoads,itisbecominglessandlesseasytofindthoseslimy,hoppingandsometimespoisonousmembersoftheanimalkingdom.Q:Frogsandtoadsareusuallypoisonous.S:Manytheoriesandmethodshavebeenpropoundedastothebestwaytoensureexamsuccess,butallstudentsneedtoberemindedthataconsistentapproachtostudyingiscertainlynotinconsequentialinachievingexamsuccess.Q:Severalhypotheseshavebeenputforwardaboutthebestwaytopassexams.例原文：Butgenerallywintersportswerefelttobetoospecialized.译文：但一般来说，冬季项目被感觉是很专门化的题目：TheAntwerpGamesprovedthatwintersportsweretoospecialized.译文：Antwerp运动会证明冬季项目是很专门化的解释：原文中有feel，强调是“感觉”题目中有prove，强调是“事实”所以答案应为False例原文：Anothertheoryisthatworldwidetemperatureincreasesareupsettingthebreedingcyclesoffrogs.译文：另一种理论是世界范围温度的升高破坏了青蛙的生长循环题目：Itisafactthatfrogsbreedingcyclesareupsetbyworldwideincreasesintemperature.译文：一个事实是青蛙的生长循环被世界范围温度的升高所破坏解释：原文中有theory，强调是“理论”题目中有fact，强调是“事实”所以答案应为为False2.题目与原文（或作者的观点）的意思相反，有明显矛盾，通常用反义词、not加同义词及反义结构。例1原文：Aspeciesbecomesextinctwhenthelastindividualdies.译文：当最后一个个体死亡时，一个物种就灭亡了题目：Aspeciesissaidtobeextinctwhenonlyoneindividualexists.译文：当只有一个个体存活时，一个物种就被说是灭亡了解释：可以看出题目与原文是反义结构。原文说一个物种死光，才叫灭绝，而题目说还有一个个体存活，就叫灭绝，题目与原文直接相反，所以答案应为FalseS：Researchintothevalidityofselectionmethodshasconsistentlydemonstratedthattheunstructuredinterviewisapoorpredictoroffuturejobperformanceandfareslittlebetterthanmorecontroversialmethodslikegraphologyandastrology.Q:Graphologyisagoodpredictoroffutureofjobperformance.S：Privatecarsaregaininginpopularity,despitetheircost.Q:Privatecarsusedtobemorepopularthantheyarenow3.题目偷换原文的概念A+B+C+D——A+B+C+E例：S:Mostoftheportcity’spopulationisengagedinprovidinggoodsandservicesforthecityitself.Tradeoutsidethecityisitsbasicfunction.Buteachbasicworkerrequiresgood,housing,clothingandothersuchservices.Q:Mostpeopleinaportcityareengagedininternationaltradeandfinance.4.原文中包含条件状语，如if、unless或ifnot也可能是用介词短语表示条件状语,如in,with,butfor或exceptfor等，题目中去掉了这些表示条件状语的成份例1原文：TheInternethasoftenbeencriticizedbythemediaasahazardoustoolinthehandsofyoungcomputerusers.译文：Internet通常被媒体指责为是年轻的计算机用户手中的危险工具。题目：ThemediahasoftencriticizedtheInternetbecauseitisdangerous.译文：媒体经常指责Internet，因为它是危险的。解释：原文中有表示条件状语的介词短语inthehandsofyoungcomputerusers,题目将其去掉了所以答案应为False例：S:Ifthefangswerelonger,thekingcobrasmightbitethefloorofitsmouthandcommitroyalsuicide.（条件）Q:Thekingcobracanbitethemselveswithfangsandcommitsuicide.答案为NG的几种情况：1原文中有aim,purpose,promise,swear,vow等词，题目中变成表示事实的实义动词(或原文有假设assumption,推测prediction,记录record等，题目去掉以上词)S:Hevowedhewouldnevercomeback.Q:Henevercameback.S:Recordshowsthat100pagodascrumbledoverthepastyears.Q:100pagodascrumbledoverthepastyears.S：Hisaimwastobringtogether,onceeveryfouryears,athletesfromallcountriesonthefriendlyfieldsofamateursport.Q:OnlyamateurathletesareallowedtocompeteinthemodernOlympics.(注意：切忌凭自己感觉猜测)2.题目中的内容在原文中根本没提到或与原文无关（即考点/比较点不同，又如原文中无比较级，而题目