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geologist地质学家geographer地理学家mathematician数学家physicist物理学家chemist化学家agriculturist农学家astronomer天文学家botanist植物学家biologist生物学家inventor发明家Scientist:•Newwords(1)•Warmingup•Textstudy•Newwords(2)•LearningaboutLanguage•Usinglanguage•Workbook1.Canyounamesomefamousscientists?NewtonGalileoEdisonWattCurieBell王选袁隆平钱学森陈景润2.TrythequizonP1andfindoutwhoknowsthemost.1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?Archimedes(287-212BC)anancientGreekmathematician&physicist2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?CharlesDarwin(1808-1882)BritishauthorofTheOriginofSpecies3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?ThomasNewcomen(1663-1729)British,improvedthefirststeampumpandturneditintoasteamenginefortakingwateroutofminesin1712.JamesWattimproveditandturneditintothefirstmodernsteamengineusedontherailways.4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?GregorMendel(1822-1884)Czech(捷克人)5.Whodiscoveredradium?MarieCurie(1867-1934)(PolishandFrench,wontwoNobelPrizes)6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?ThomasEdison(1847-1931)anAmericaninventor7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?LastSupperMonaLisaLeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)Italianartist8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?SirHumphryDavy(1778-1829)BritishMiniatureMiner'sSafetyLamp9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?ZhangHeng(78-139)Chinese,inventedseismograph10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?StephenHawking(1942--)aBritishastronomerTextstudy•Pre-reading•Skimming•Fastreading•Detailedreading•Comprehending1.Doyouknowhowtoproveanewideainscientificresearch?Discussinsmallgroupsthestagesinsettingoutanewscientificidea.Whatorderwouldyouputthemin?FindaproblemThinkofamethodMakeaquestionAnalysetheresultsFindsupportingevidenceDrawaconclusion2.Whatdoyouknowaboutinfectiousdisease?1.Infectiousdiseasescanbespreadeasily.2.Theymaydogreatharmtopeople.•AIDS,SARSareinfectiousdiseases3.Infectiousdiseasesaredifficulttocure.Whatdoyouknowaboutcholera?•CholeraiscausedbyabacteriumcalledVariancholera（霍乱弧菌）.Itinfectspeople’sintestines(肠胃),causingdiarrhea（腹泻）,vomitingandlegcramps(腿抽筋).Themostcommoncauseofcholeraispeopleeatfoodordrinkwaterthathasbeenpollutedbythebacteria.Variancholera1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.B.ThecauseofCholerawaspollutedwater.C.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.D.HowdidJohnSnowcollect,analyzedataandfindthecauseofthediseaseandsolvedit.(in10minutes):Step1:Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Para.6Para.71.JohnSnowcollectedinformationtotestthetwotheories.2.JohnSnowsuggestedhowtopreventcholerafromhappeningagain.3.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondonandhewaskindenoughtohelptheordinarypeoplewithcholera.4.JohnSnowwassureenoughthatpollutedwatercarriedthediseaseofcholera.5.JohnSnowwasinterestedintwotheoriesaboutcholera.6.Thereasonforcholerawasthatthesourceofthewater（水源）waspolluted.7.Themapshowedthatthepollutedwatermightbethereasonforcholera.Step2:Readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.(P3,E1)_____JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories._____AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854._____JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap._____Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease._____JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere._____KingCholerawasdefeated._____Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump._____Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.21473856JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”JOHHSHOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”Para.1JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon-soexpert,indeed,thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.Thiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.JohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblem.Heknewthatcholerawouldneverbecontrolleduntilitscausewasfound.ChineseTask1Para.2Hebecameinterestedintwotheoriesthatpossiblyexplainedhowcholerakilledpeople.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.Acloudofdangerousgasfloatedarounduntilitfounditsvictims.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.Fromthestomachthediseasequicklyattackedthebodyandsoontheaffectedpersondied.ChineseTask2Para.3JohnSnowsuspectedthatthesecondtheorywascorrectbutheneededevidence.SowhenanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854,hewasreadytobeginhisenquiry.Asthediseasespreadquicklythroughpoorneighbourhoods,hebegantogatherinformation.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.ChineseTask3Para.4Firsthemarkedonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthedeadpeoplehadlived.Thisgavehimavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease.ManyofthedeathswerenearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallynumbers16,37,38and40).Healsonoticedthatsomehouses(suchas20and21BroadStreetand8and9CambridgeStreet)hadhadnodeaths.Hehadnotforeseenthis,sohemadefurtheri