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武汉新东方考研强化课程阅读理解国内部童玲一、阅读的构成•PartA精确理解•考试形式:4passages+20questions•分数比重：40•篇章来源:北美刊物(社会类+自然类+人文类)•例:2013年PartA部分•Text1:BusinessWeekly(2012.6.21)•Text2:Economists(2012.6.9)•Text3:ScientificAmerican(2013.1.5)•Text4:WallStreetDaily(2012.6.25)•2012年PartA部分•Text1:HerdMentality(Time2011.4)•Text2:VermontYankeePlant’sOwnermustHonoritsOwnPromises(Boston.com2011.4)•Text3:TheEvolutionofCredibility(TheScientist2011.2)•Text4:EnemiesofProgress(TheEconomist2011.3)•社会类－社会热点＋生活时文•经济学（2010年text4/2011年text2/2012年text4）•心理学（2009年text1/2012年text1）•教育学(2009年text3教育与经济的关系）•传播学（2010年text3传媒的影响力/2011年text3大众媒介的变化•法学（2010年text2商业法专利•自然科学:强调科普性的自然常识•2009年text2（DNA检测）•2012年text3（科学发现被认可的过程）•人文科学:意识形态＋情感＋文化(98年以前没有出过）•文学（2010年text1艺术评论）•艺术（2011年text1交响乐团的困境）•历史（2009年text4美国历史中的清教徒）•哲学（无）•人生感悟（2011年text4是否要孩子）PartB:宏观理解•考试形式:1passage+5questions•分数比重：10分•内容：7选5填空题/段落排序题/标题匹配题二、复习攻略•提高速度:8+8原则•8分钟读文章+8分钟做选项•精读要考的(提问涉及的关键词)•略读次要的(例证句与解释句)•跳读无关的(插入语与背景介绍)•真题演练:2009年text2•提升质量:三层递进复习法•第一阶段－把握中心结构•第二阶段－深入分析词句•第三阶段－换位思考命题把握中心结构一枝独秀型现象解释型问题分析型花开并蒂型层层递进型•宏观阅读方式－重视首段信息和各段首句信息,以此把握或预测全文中心•例：•老俞是个苦孩子•他三岁…初恋•他四岁…失恋•他五岁…绝恋•but/however,他…•一枝独秀型--全文基本围绕一个核心概念/热点话题展开,此概念就是文章的主题词,作者通常在首段或末段表达对此概念的态度。•2000年passage3•2006年text3•2007年text22000年passage3•(1)Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesareaimingat,for,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearstocometheymayberegardedasnormal.WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhateverFuturistpoetrymaybe—evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight—itcanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.•(2)This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsays:•(3)Certainlytheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.•(4)This,thoughitfulfillsthelawsandrequirementsofFuturistpoetry,canhardlybeclassedasLiterature.•59.Thispassageismainly________.•[A]asurveyofnewapproachestoart•[B]areview评论ofFuturistpoetry•[C]aboutmeritsoftheFuturistmovement•[D]aboutlawsandrequirementsofliterature•Key:B•真题演练:2007年•30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsIQtests?•A.Supportive支持的•B.Skeptical怀疑的•C.Impartial公正的•D.Biased有偏见的•Key：B•现象解释型—首段叙述现象,各段解释现象;文章在开始以问句或引证(phenomenon/story)提出一个现象，进而分析可能产生此现象的原因。•2001年passage3•2004年text2•2007年text1•2008年text1•真题回顾:2001年passage3•(1):WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalism(新闻)credibility(可信度)project.•(2):Sadtosay(令人遗憾的是),thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-level(低级的)findingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes.•(3):Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.•(4):Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardtemplates(标准模板)”ofthenewsroomseemalien(陌生)tomanyreaders.•(5):RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscale(高级)neighborhood,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks(股票),…•(6):Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefined(广义)socialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflect(反映)theconventional(传统的)valuesofelite.•(7):Thisisanexplosive(危险的)situationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.真题演练•59.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?•[A]Needsofthereadersallovertheworld.•[B]Causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers.•[C]Originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry.•[D]Aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject.•Key:B真题演练•25.Whichofthefollowingproverbsisclosesttothemessagethetexttriestoconvey?•[A]Faithwillmovemountains愚公移山•[B]Onereapswhatonesows一分耕耘一分收获•[C]Practicemakesperfect熟能生巧•[D]Likefather,likeson有其父必有其子•Key：C•观点对比型-首段通常提出两种对立的观点或看法,进而在各段阐述这两种对立观点的具体差异.或是由前一个观点引出后一个观点。作者着重描写的部分即为主旨.•2003年text3•2005年text2•真题演练:2003•49.Theauthorbelievesthat,infaceofthechallengefromanimalrightsadvocates,scientistsshould______.•[A]communicatemorewiththepublic•[B]employhi-tech高科技meansinresearch•[C]feelnoshame不要感到羞愧fortheircause事业•[D]striveto力求developnewcures疗法•Key：A2005年text2•（1）Doyouremember…butthedoubtersinsistthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Butthedoubtersinsistthattheevidencewasinconclusive,thescienceuncertain?Butthedoubtersinsistthattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?•并列结构中的省略句—省略相同主句。•30.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause________.•[A]theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligence疏忽•[B]alessonfromthelatterisapplicableto可适用于theformer•[C]theoutcomeofthelatteraggravates加剧了theformer•[D]bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse恶化•Key:B•层层递进型-全文论述从简单到复杂，从一般性介绍到主题鲜明化。通常有表示递进关系的信号词作为引导(furthermore、moreover、mostimportantly或是yet等)。•2000年passage2•2009年text2•真题回顾:2000年passage2•(1)Beingamanhasalwaysbedangerous.Thereareabout105malesbornforevery100females,butthisratiodropstonearbalanceattheageofmaturity,andamong70-year-oldstherearetwiceasmanywomenasmen.Butthegreatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged.Now,boybabiessurvivealmostasgirlsdo.Thismeansthat,forthefirsttime,therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucialyearswhentheyaresearchingforamate.•Moreimportant,anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenre