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HEREDITAS(Beijing)28(10):1337~1342,2006:2005-12-15;:2006-04-29:(:30370881)[SupportedbytheNationalNaturalSciencesFoundationofChina(No.30370881)]:(1974),,,:Tel:0311-86268230;E-mail:beicaili@eyou.comF-box1,2,1,1(1.,,100081;2.,050016),SCFE3,F-boxF-box,SCF,,F-box,(,,GA,JA),F-box,F-boxTIR1,F-box:;SCF;F-box;;:Q51:A0253-9772(2006)10-1337-06TheFunctionofF-boxProteininPlantGrowthandDevelopmentBICai-Li1,2,LIUXu1,ZHANGXue-Yong1(1.KeyLaboratoryofCropGermplasmResourcesandBiotechnology,MOA,InstituteofCropScience,ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Beijing100081,China;2.CollegeofLifeScience,HebeiNormalUniversity,Shijiazhuang050016,China)Abstract:Ubiquitin-mediatedproteolysisisinvolvedinmanybiologicalprocessesineukaryotes.SCFcomplexisaveryimportantubiquitinE3ligasewhichhasbeenexploitedverywellinplants.F-boxproteincharacterizedbyanF-boxmotifisasubunitofSCFcomplex,whichworksasdeterminantinsubstraterecognition.Currently,manyF-boxproteinshavebeenidentifiedinplantswhichareinvolvinginhormone(e.g.,ethylene,auxin,gibberellinandjasmonate)signaltransductionandbiologicalprocesses,suchasself-incompatibilityandfloraldevelopment.F-boxproteinsmayalsoparticipatestressresponseinplants.RecentstudysuggestedthattheArabidopsisF-boxproteinTIR1isanauxinreceptor.Therefore,F-boxproteinmediatedproteolysismaybeanimportantgeneexpressionmechanisminplants.Keywords:ubiquitin;SCFcomplex;F-boxprotein;proteolysis;signaltransduction,,,2004AaronCiech-anoverAvramHershkoIrwinRose3,,3:E1ATPC,E2E3,,48,[1]1338HEREDITAS(Beijing)2006283,E3,,1400,90%,E3,HECT[2]COP1[3]APC[4]SCF[5],SCF1F-boxSCFE3SCF3:Skp1Cdc53(cullin)F-box,RBX1F-box3,F-box,F-boxSCF,F-box,Rbx1Cullin,Skp1(S-phasekinase-associatedprotein1)SCF,F-boxCullin[6],,F-box700[7~9],F-boxN4050F-box,,C-,(LRR)KelchWD40Arm,,F-box,F-box[10]F-box,F-boxF-boxSkp1SCFSCFE2,E2,[11],F-box1E1:;E2:;E3:;Ub:Fig.1Theubiquitin-mediateddegradationpathwayE1:ubiquitinactivatingenzyme;E2:ubiquitinconjugatingenzyme;E3:ubiquitinligase;Ub:ubiquitin.2SCFE2:Fig.2StructureofSCFcomplexE2:ubiquitinconjugatingenzyme.[5],[12]2F-box2.1F-box,5CTR1CTR1,EIN2EIN3EIN3,,,CTR1CTR1,EIN3[13]PotuschakT[14]F-box,EBF1EBF2,EIN3/EIL,EBF1,ebf1ebf2,EIN3,EIN3EBF1/EBF2,,EIN3,[13]2.2F-box(GA),DELLA,GA[15~17]DELLARGAGAI3,gai(gibberellicacid-insensitive)GA,GARGAGAI,GA[18~20],RGAGAIF-boxSLEEPY1(SLY1)GA10:F-box1339SLY1F-box,GA[21]sly1GA,GA,RGAGAI,,gaisly1-10[22,23]SLY1RGAGAI[18,23],SCFSLY1RGAGAI,DELLAGA[22,23]gid2(gibberellin-insensitivedwarf2)GA,GID2F-box,SLR1GAGID2SLR1(SlenderRice1)[24],,GID2Skp1gid2,SLR1,GA,SLR1,GID2GASLR1SLR1GA,SCFGID2[25]2.3F-boxSCFTIR1SCFask1,tir1rbx1,SCFTIR1[26,27]Aux/IAAAUX/IAA,68min,[28]Aux/IAASCFTIR1,SCFTIR1Aux/IAAsTIR1SCFTIR1-Aux/IAA[29],SHY2/IAA3[30]tir1,AUX/IAA(IAA7IAA17)[31~33]SHY2/IAA3TIR1F-boxphyB,SHY2/IAA3TIR1SHY2shy2-2,,[33]IAA1AXR5,SCFTIR1[34]F-box,TIR1,TIR1,[35]2.4F-boxJA,JA,COL1(CoronatineInsensitive)F-boxcoi1,JA,COI1ASK1/ASK2CUL1SCF[36],COI1,,COI1SCFCOI1,SCFCOI1,COI1SCFCOI1JA[37],3F-box3.1F-box,ABC,3UFO(UNUSUALFLORALORGANS)F-box[38,39]UFOB[40],UFOSCF3Cul1Rbx1ASK1/ASK2,AtCUL14;AtRbx1,;ask1ask2,B,,UFOAtCUL1,SCFUFOUFO[41]3.2F-boxSSF-box(S-locus-linkedF-box),[42][43][44][45],,[42],AhSLF-S2S-RNases,AhSLF-S2ASK1CULLIN1,SCFAhSLF-S2,AhSLF-S(2)S-RNase[46]1340HEREDITAS(Beijing)200628,,S-RNaseSCFAhSLF-S(2)3.3F-boxEID1(EmpfindlicherImDunkelrotenLicht)AFR(AttenuatedFar-RedResponse)F-box,phyA[47,48]afr,phyAAFR,,SCFAFR[49];eid1phyA,phyA[47],SCFEID1phyA[48]3.4F-boxF-boxZTL(ZEITLUPE)F-box[50]ZTLLOV,,ZTL,TOC1(TimingofCABEx-pression1),SCFZTL[51]TOC1ztl,SCFZTL,LKP2FKFZTL[52]LKP2(LOVkelchprotein2),ZTL[51]LKP2ASKTOC1[53];FKF(FLAVINbinding,KELCHREPEAT,F-BOX),[54,55]4F-box,F-boxSA(SAR)SA,SARNIM1/NPR1nim1-1Peronosporaparasitica,son1(sup-pressorofnim1-1)nim1-1,SAR,nim1-1SA,[56]ORE9F-box,F-boxF-boxASK1ore9,ORE9[57],F-box[58],F-boxNaHCO3[59],NaHCO3F-box,F-box,,F-box,F-box,,,F-box(References):[1]JacksonPK,EldridgeAG,FreedE,FurstenthalL,HsuJY,KaiserBK,ReimannJD.TheloreoftheRINGs:substraterec-ognitionandcatalysisbyubiquitinligases.TrendsCellBiol,2000,10(10):429~439.[2]PickartCM.Mechanismsunderlyingubiquitination.AnnuRevBiochem,2001,70(1):503~533.[3]DengXW,CasparT,QuailPH.cop1:Aregulatorylocusin-volvedinlight-controlleddevelopmentandgeneexpressioninArabidopsis.GenesDev,1991,5(7):1172~1182.[4]StoneSL,AndersonEM,MullenRT,GoringDR.ARC1isanE3ubiquitinligaseandpromotestheubiquitinationofproteinsduringtherejectionofself-incompatibleBrassicapollen.PlantCell,2003,15(4):885~898.[5]CraigKL,TyersM.TheF-box:anewmotifforubiquitinde-pendentproteolysisincellcycleregulationandsignaltransduc-tion.ProgBiophysMolBiol,1999,72(3):299~328.[6]KongH,Leebens-MackJ,NiW,dePamphilisCW,MaH.HighlyheterogeneousratesofevolutionintheSKP1genefamilyinplantsandanimals:functionalandevolutionaryimplications.MolBiolEvol,2004,21(1):117~128.[7]AndradeMA,Gonzalez-GuzmanM,SerranoR,RodriguezPL.AcombinationoftheF-boxmotifandkelchrepeatsdefinesalargeArabidopsisfamilyofF-boxproteins.PlantMolBiol,2001.46(5):603~614.GagneJM,DownesBP,ShiuSH,DurskiAM,VierstraRD.TheF-boxsubunitoftheSCFE3complexisencodedbyadi-vers