初一情态动词讲解及练习

情态动词常见的情态动词：can,could,may,might,must,should,need,hadbetter等含义：表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。1．用法特点：⑴它们必须与其他动词连用，即：肯定：情态动词＋动词原形：Hecanswim.否定：情态动词+not+动词原形：Hecannot(can’t)swim.一般疑问句：把情态动词提前：Canheswim?Yes,hecan./No,hecan’t.表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。⑵情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s，有些情态动词有时态的变化⑶在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”。例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。2.各情态动词的用法（1）can：表能力，“能，会”；表可能，猜测，通常用于否定句和疑问句中，Thisboatcan’tbehers,hersisblack.（2）could：表can的过去式；表请求允许，比can更委婉地提出请求。（3）May:表猜测，“可能”（只能用于肯定句，否定句用can’t）表征求同意，MayIcomein?（4）Might:may的过去式；might比may更加委婉。（5）Must:表义务的“必须”表事情的必要性和重要性。Youmusttakecareofyourparents.表推测的“一定，准是”（只有肯定猜测，否定猜测用can’t）Theladymustbeadoctor.（6）Should:表义务或责任“应该”。（7）Need:表必要性。（8）Would:will的过去式；表示意愿或用于第二人称的疑问句中，表礼貌委婉的请求，比can更委婉。（9）Hadnetter:最好，（hadbetternot）3．易混的情态动词（1）Can/could与beableto:表“能力”时can只有现在和过去时两种时态，其余时态用beableto,can指与生俱来的能力，beableto后天形成的能力。（2）含有情态动词的疑问句的回答:1）.对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes,youmay.Yes,ofcourse.Yes,certainly.Sure.No,youcan’t.2）.对must引出的疑问句，回答方式为：Yes,…must.No,…don’t(doesn’t)haveto./needn’t3）.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。如:Couldyouhelpme?你能帮我个忙吗？—CouldIuseyourpen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes,youcan.可以。（注意回答）4）.wouldyou…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes,Iwill.(No,Iwon’t.)Sure.(I’msorry,Ican’t.)Allright/OK/Withpleasure.Certainly.(No,thankyou.)Yes,please.（3）Must的否定形式：mustn’t“不许，禁止”（must表推测时无否定形式，否定猜测用can’t）（4）Need：作实义动词时，后接名词、动名词、动词不定式Shedoesn’tneedtotakeanymedicine.作情态动词时后接动词原形。Sheneedtakesomemedicine.一、用can,may,must,need,haveto,hadbetter的适当形式填空：1.You________________returnthelibrarybookontime.2.I______________(not)findthewaytothehospital._______________youshowmetheway?3.—________________Ifinishtheworkrightnow?—No,you________________(not).You____________doitlater.4.Hesaidhe________________(not)cometonight.5.Hermotherwasill.She________________stayathomeandlookafterher.6.It’stimeforclass.You________________stopplayingfootballoryou__________belateforclass.7.We________________startrightnow,ortheywouldgettherefirst.8.Thecloudislifting,soit________________(not)bearainydaytomorrow.二、选择填空（）1.—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?—Yes,you________.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need（）2.—MustIbeinhospitalforaweek，Doctor?—No，youA.mustn’tB.needn’t（）3.Thedeskisnotdirty.You_______cleanit.A.mustn’tB.shouldn’tC.needn’tC.can’t（）4.—MayIwatchTVforawhile？—No,you_______.Youhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.won’t（）5.—IsJessicagivingusaspeechthisevening?—No,it________beher.She________toJapan.A.mustn’t;hasgoneB.mustn’t;hasbeenC.can’t;hasgoneD.can’t;hasbeen（）6.It’sthelibrary!Soyou________knowshoutingisnotallowedhere.A.canB.mustC.needD.may（）7.Boysandgirls,don’tforgetyourreport.It______today.A.can’tfinishB.can’tbefinishedC.shouldfinishD.shouldbefinished（）8.—MrSmithmusthavebeentoyourhomethismorning.—No,he______,becausehedidn’tknowmyaddress.A.couldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.maynot（）9.—MustImopupthewindownow?—No,you________.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t（）10.—IsLucyknockingatthedoor?—No.It________beLucy.SheisinJapannow.A.needn’tB.mustC.can’t（）11.—Anothercupofcoffee?—No,thanks.I_____beoff.Maryiswaitingforme.A.canB.mayC.mustD.might（）12.—I’malittletired.Let’sgotothezoobytaxi.—Wetakeataxi.It’snotfarfromhere.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.needn’t（）13.Ifthetrafficlightisred,you________crosstheroad.It’sverydangerous.A.don’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t（）14.—MustIfinishwateringtheflowersnow?—No,you________.A.mustB.won’tC.needn’tD.can’t（）15.—Ican’tgiveupsmoking,doctor.—Foryourhealth,I’mafraidyou________.A.mayB.canC.havetoD.must（）16.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_______berathercoldsometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would（）17.—OurclasswontheEnglishspeakingcontest.—Congratulations!You_______beveryproudofit.A.canB.needC.wouldD.must（）18.—Excuseme,wherearewegoingtohaveourclassmeeting?—I’mnotsure.Askourmonitor,please.Heknow.A.canB.mayC.needD.shall（）19.—____________Iborrowthesemagazines?—Sorry,onlythemagazinesovertherecanbeborrowed.A.MustB.WouldC.MayD.Need（）20.Ifthetrafficlightisred,you________crosstheroad.It’sdangerous.A.don’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.wouldn’t【中考链接】（）1．—Whoisthemanoverthere?IsitMr.Li?—No,it______behim.Mr.Liismuchtaller.A.mustn’tB.maynoC.can’tD.needn’t（）2．—MustIgowiththemtomorrow？—No，you______.A.mustn'tB.shouldn'tC.needn'tD.can't（）3．—______Itakesomephotosinthehall?—No,you______.A.Can,needn’tB.Must,mustn’tC.Could,won’tD.May,mustn’t（）4．—Dad,mustIfinishmyhomeworktoday?—No,you________.Youmaydoittomorrow.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.don’tD.won’t（）5．—Thelakeissaidtobedry.Isthattrue?—It_______.Look,somekidsareswimminginit.A.mustbetrueB.can’tbetrueC.maynotbetrue（）6．—WhatisyourmothergoingtodothisSaturday?—I’mnotsure.She_____gotoseemygrandmother.A.canB.mustC.may（）7．—Susanhasboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.—It______beveryexpensive.Ineverevendreamaboutit.A.mustB.mightC.can’tD.shouldn’t（）8．—Listen!IsProfessorJohnsongivingareportinthehall?—No,itbehim.HehasgonetoJapan.A.needn’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.can’t（）9．—Let’sgototheWestHillParkbytaxi.—Oh,itisnotfarawayfromhere.We_______takeataxi.A.couldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.can’t（）10．—Canyouplaythepiano?—Yes,I_______.Ioftenpracticeitonwe