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Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Anovelwayofmakingcomputermemories,usingbacteriaFORhalfacentury,the(1)__________ofprogressinthecomputerindustryhasbeentodomorewithless.Moore'slawfamouslyobservesthatthenumberoftransistorswhichcanbecrammedintoagivenspace(2)__________every18months.Theamountofdatathatcanbestoredhasgrownatasimilarrate.Yetas(3)__________getsmaller,makingthemgetsharderandmoreexpensive.OnMay10thPaulOtellini,thebossofIntel,abigAmericanchipmaker,putthepriceofanewchipfactoryataround$10billion.HappilyforthosethatlackIntel'sresources,theremaybeacheaperoption—namelytomimicMotherNature,whohasbeenbuildingtiny(4)__________,intheformoflivingcellsandtheircomponents,forbillionsofyears,andhasthusgotrathergoodatit.ApaperpublishedinSmall,ananotechnologyjournal,setsoutthelatestexampleofthe(5)__________.Init,agroupofresearchersledbySarahStanilandattheUniversityofLeeds,inBritain,describeusingnaturallyoccurringproteinstomakearraysoftinymagnets,similartothoseemployedtostoreinformationindiskdrives.Theresearcherstooktheir(6)__________fromMagnetospirillummagneticum,abacteriumthatissensitivetotheEarth'smagneticfieldthankstothepresencewithinitscellsofflecksofmagnetite,aformofironoxide.Previousworkhasisolatedtheproteinthatmakestheseminiaturecompasses.Usinggeneticengineering,theteammanagedtopersuadeadifferentbacterium—Escherichiacoli,aubiquitouscritterthatisaworkhorseofbiotechnology—to(7)__________thisproteininbulk.Next,theyimprintedablockofgoldwithamicroscopicchessboardpatternofchemicals.Halfthesquarescontainedanchoringpointsfortheprotein.Theotherhalfwereleftuntreatedascontrols.Theythendippedthegoldintoasolutioncontainingtheprotein,allowingittobindtothetreatedsquares,anddunkedthewholelotintoaheated(8)__________ofironsalts.Afterthat,theyexaminedtheresultswithanelectronmicroscope.Sureenough,groupsofmagnetitegrainshadmaterialisedonthetreatedsquares,shepherdedintoplacebythebacterialprotein.Inprinciple,eachofthesemagneticdomainscouldstoretheoneorthezeroofabitofinformation,accordingtohowitwaspolarised.Gettingfromtheretoarealcomputermemorywouldbealongroad.Forastart,thegrainsofmagnetitearenotstrongenoughmagnetstomakeausefulmemory,andthesizeofeachdomainishugebymoderncomputing(9)__________.ButDrStanilandreckonsthat,withenoughtweaking,bothoftheseobjectionscouldbedealtwith.The(10)__________ofthisapproachisthatitmightnotbesocapital-intensiveasbuildingafab.Growingthingsdoesnotneedasmuchkitasmakingthem.Ifthetweakingcouldbedone,therefore,theresultmightgivethewordbiotechnologyawholenewmeaning.A)componentsB)advantageC)standardsD)complimentsE)essenceF)inspirationG)disadvantageH)doublesI)solutionJ)resolutionK)devicesL)manufactureM)spiritN)productO)technique答案：1.E)essence2.H)doubles3.A)components4.K)devices5.O)technique6.F)inspiration7.L)manufacture8.I)solution9.C)standards10.B)advantage全文翻译Anovelwayofmakingcomputermemories,usingbacteria制造计算机存储器的新奇方法：使用细菌FORhalfacentury,theessenceofprogressinthecomputerindustryhasbeentodomorewithless.半个世纪以来，计算机产业发展的本质就是花钱更少，成事更多。Moore’slawfamouslyobservesthatthenumberoftransistorswhichcanbecrammedintoagivenspacedoublesevery18months.摩尔定律的著名论断是：能够放入某空间内的晶体管数量每18个月翻一番。Theamountofdatathatcanbestoredhasgrownatasimilarrate.储存的数据也有着类似的增长速率，Yetascomponentsgetsmaller,makingthemgetsharderandmoreexpensive.但是随着部件越来越小，它们的制造难度和成本也逐渐增加。OnMay10thPaulOtellini,thebossofIntel,abigAmericanchipmaker,putthepriceofanewchipfactoryataround$10billion.5月10日，美国芯片巨头因特尔总裁兼CEOPaulOtellini宣布将花费上百亿美元建设新工厂。HappilyforthosethatlackIntel’sresources,theremaybeacheaperoption—namelytomimicMotherNature,对于不像因特尔那么有钱的厂家的好消息是，他们或许可以选择更便宜的方式—模拟大自然。whohasbeenbuildingtinydevices,intheformoflivingcellsandtheircomponents,forbillionsofyears,andhasthusgotrathergoodatit.对于大自然来说，她建造微小设备已经有数十亿年了，所以自然是信手拈来，当然，这些设备都是以活细胞和其组份的形式呈现。ApaperpublishedinSmall,ananotechnologyjournal,setsoutthelatestexampleofthetechnique.发表在纳米技术期刊《微小》的一篇论文描述了这一新技术的示例，Init,agroupofresearchersledbySarahStanilandattheUniversityofLeeds,inBritain,describeusingnaturallyoccurringproteinstomakearraysoftinymagnets,该技术团队由英国利兹大学的SarahStaniland领导，他们用自然生成的蛋白质让微型磁性材料进行排列，similartothoseemployedtostoreinformationindiskdrives.这与磁盘驱动器上储存信息的磁性材料排序是类似的。TheresearcherstooktheirinspirationfromMagnetospirillummagneticum,abacteriumthatissensitivetotheEarth’smagneticfieldthankstothepresencewithinitscellsofflecksofmagnetite,aformofironoxide.研究人员从趋磁细菌上获得了灵感，由于该细菌内部存在磁性颗粒，所以对地球磁场非常敏感。Previousworkhasisolatedtheproteinthatmakestheseminiaturecompasses.Usinggeneticengineering,theteammanagedtopersuadeadifferentbacterium—Escherichiacoli,aubiquitouscritterthatisaworkhorseofbiotechnology—tomanufacturethisproteininbulk.他们先要把制造这种微型罗盘的蛋白质分离出来，并采用基因工程技术设法让另一种细菌—大肠杆菌来批量生产这种蛋白质，而大肠杆菌在生物体内普遍存在，是生