THE-GREAT-GATSBY-&-Jazz-Age-美国文学课presentation

FrancisScottFitzgerald1896--1940SpokesmanforJazzAgePoetLaureateF.ScottFitzgeraldwasborninStPaul,MinnesotaofmixedSouthernandIrishdescent.HewasgiventhreenamesafterthewriterofTheStarSpangledBanner（美国国歌）,towhomhewasdistantlyrelated.Hisfather,EdwardFitzgerald,wasasalesman,aSoutherngentleman,whosefurniturebusinesshadfailed.Hisgreaterimpacttohimwas“evenifyourbusinesshasfailed，wehavetomaintainthehabitofgenerousstyle”.MaryMcQuillan,hismother,wasthedaughterofasuccessfulwholesalegrocer,anddevotedtoheronlyson.TheturningpointinhislifewaswhenhemetZeldaSayrewhilehewasatoneofthebaseswherehetrainedin1918,herselfasthedaughterofajusticefromAlabamaSupremeCourtandanaspiringwriter.Heproposedtoherbutfailedasshethoughthewasjustapoorboy.FitzgeraldenteredPrincetonUniversityin1913,wherehespentmostofhistimedoingsocialactivities.Helefthisstudiesin1917becauseofhispooracademicrecords,andtookupacommissionintheUSArmy.HisexperiencesduringWorldWarIweremorepeacefulthanHemingway's-heneversawactionandevendidnotgotoFrance.•In1920appearedFitzgerald’sfirstnovel,THISSIDEOFPARADISE《人间天堂》.ThebookgainedasuccesswhichFitzgeraldcelebratedenergeticallyinpartiesandmarriedZeldasuccessfully.Zeldadancedonpeople'sdinnertablesinendlesspartiestocelebratetheimmediatesuccess.•ButthatwasnottobetheendingfortheFitzgerald.TheylivedinNewYorkCity.Hedranktoomuch.Shespenttoomuchmoney.Hepromisedhimselftolivealesscostlylife.Always,however,hespentmorethanheearnedfromwriting.•Fitzgeraldisreportedtohavesaidtohisfriend,theAmericanwriterErnestHemingway,Theveryricharedifferentfromyouandme.Hemingwayisreportedtohaveanswered,“Yes,theyhavemoremoney.•Theexchangetellsagreatdealabouteachwriter.Hemingwaysawademocraticworldwherepeopleweremeasuredbytheirability,notbywhattheyowned.Fitzgeraldsawthedeepdifferencesbetweengroupsofpeoplethatmoneycreates.Hedecidedtobeamongtherich.•In1925,fitzgeraldpublishedTheGreatGatsby,consideredgreatwork.Althoughitinitiallymetwithlittlecommercialsuccess,thisnovelabouttheAmericandreamofmaterialsuccesshasbecomeoneofthemostpopularwidelyreadandcriticallyacclaimedworksoffictioninAmericanliterature.Thelifeofthetitlecharacter,JayGatsby,hasbeencomparedtoFitzgerald’slife.•WhilelivingintheFrenchRiviera,Zelda’sillnessbecomeserious.Shesuddenlybegantopracticeballet,dancingnightandday.Afterasecondnervousbreakdown,shewashospitalizedformentalillnessinCarolina.Duringthelastyearsofhislife,FitzgeraldlivedinHollywood,earninghislivingasascreenwriter.Hediedofheartattackattheageof45.In1948,thehospitalatwhichZeldawasapatientcaughtfire,causingherdeath.MasterworksNovels:•ThisSideofParadise1920•TheBeautifulandDamned1922•TheGreatGatsby1925•TenderIstheNight1934•TheLastTycoon1941Shortstorycollections:•FlappersandPhilosophers1920•TalesoftheJazzAge1922•AlltheSadYoungMen1926•TapsatReveille1935•Themes&styles•Fitzgerald’sstyleisunliketheothermodernwritersinthatitusesmorelanguagetoconveymeaning.•However,Fitzgerald’sthemesareverymodern.Allofhisbooksandshortstoriesdisplaythelonelinessandmiseryofmodernlife.•Hisbooksconveytheideathat,“Moneycan’tbuyhappiness.”JazzAge&TheRoaring1920’s•TheJazzAgedescribestheperiodofthe1920sand1930s.The1920sbeganwithhighhopes.WorldWarOnewasover.ThetwentiesendedwithahugedropinstockmarketpricesthatbegantheGreatDepression.Fitzgeraldwasarepresentativeoftheyearsoffastlivinginbetween.•Thenation'svalueshadchangedinthisperiod.ManyAmericanswereconcernedmainlywithhavingagoodtimeanddoingwhatyouwill.Americansocietyenjoyedunprecedentedlevelsofprosperity.Peoplebrokethelawbydrinkingalcoholandlivedinacorruptsociety.Theydancedtojazzmusic,andwomenworeshortskirts.•Ofhisowntime,Fitzgeraldsaid:Thereseemednoquestionaboutwhatwasgoingtohappen.Americawasgoingonthegreatestpartyinitshistoryandtherewasgoingtobeplentytotellabout.Yetifhedescribedonlytheparty,hiswritingswouldhavebeenforgottenwhenthepartyended.TheGreatGatsby•ThesettingofTheGreatGatsbyisNewYorkCityandLongIslandduringthe1920s.•NickCarraway,thenarrator,isayoungPrincetonman,whoworksasabondbrokerinManhattan.HebecomesinvolvedinthelifeofhisneighboratLongIsland.•JayGatsby,shadyandmysteriousfinancier,whoisentertaininghundredsofguestsatlavishparties.GatsbyrevealstoNick,thatheandNick'scousinDaisyFayBuchanan,hadabriefaffairbeforethewar.However,DaisymarriedTomBuchanan,arichbutboringmanofsocialposition.•GatsbylostDaisybecausehehadnomoney,butheisstillinlovewithher.HepersuadesNicktobringhimandDaisytogetheragain.Youcan'trepeatthepast,Nicksaystohim.GatsbytriestoconvinceDaisytoleaveTom,who,inturn,revealsthatGatsbyhasmadehismoneyfrombootlegging.They'rearottenbunch,NickshoutstoGatsby.You'reworththewholedamnbunchputtogether.Daisy,drivingGatsby'scar,hitsandkillsTom'smistress,MyrtleWilson,unawareofheridentity.GatsbyremainssilenttoprotectDaisy.TomtellsMyrtle'shusbandWilsonitwasGatsbywhokilledhiswife.WilsonmurdersGatsbyandthencommitssuicide.NickislefttoarrangeGatsby'sfuneral,attendedonlyGatsby'sfatherandoneformerguest.Gatsby•Aromanticdreamer:timecanbefixed,thepastcanberepeated,youthbeautyandlovecanberecaptured.•AsymbolforthewholeAmericanexperience:corruptionof