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Unit3Underthesea人教版选修七Period3GrammarRevisethePassiveVoice(II)(-ingform)Torevisethe-ingformanditspassivevoice.语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。1.Iheardaloudnoisecomingfromthebay.2.2.Usingatelescopewecouldseethatsomethingwashappening.3.3.Georgetoldme,pointingtowardsthehunt.4.4.…urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.5.5.Freddyandhisbandcouldnotgooutanywherewithoutbeingfollowed.(必修2)Lookatthefollowingsentences.Havealook1.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn't2.likebeingkeptwaiting,…3.2.…,Icouldseeawhalebeingattacked4.byapackofaboutsixotherkillers.5.3.Beingbadlywounded,thewhalesoon6.died.7.4.FromJames’sface,Icouldseehewas8.terrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.9.5.…,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupin10.thewaterbyOldTom.Sentencesfromthisunit:1.Iheardaloudnoise_______fromthe2.bay.3.2.______atelescopewecouldseethat4.somethingwashappening.5.3.Georgetoldme,________towardsthe6.hunt.7.4.…urgedGeorge,_________loudly.8.5.Freddyandhisbandcouldnotgoout9.anywherewithout______________.comingUsingpointingshoutingbeingfollowedgoReady?6.IhadalreadyheardthatGeorgedidn'tlike__________waiting,…7.…,Icouldseeawhale_____________byapackofaboutsixotherkillers.8._____badly________,thewhalesoondied.9.FromJames’sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedof_______________byus.10.…,IsawJames_____firmly____upinthewaterbyOldTom.beingkeptbeingattackedBeingwoundedbeingabandonedbeingheld1.---WhatmadeBillsoangry?---______.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasn’tcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.Beingkeptwaited2.Thebuilding____inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughthere’snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt3.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed______.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch4.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded5._______manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercises.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching6._________thewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.BeentoldD.Telling7.________abroadforatourisagreathonorforanordinarypersonlikeme.A.TakenB.TakingC.HavingbeentakenD.Beingtaken8.Theappointment_____becauseofthesnowstorm,MissGreenhadtostayathome.A.cancelingB.beingcanceledC.havingbeencanceledD.tobecanceled9.Bencan’tattendtheparty_______atLily’shouseatpresentbecauseheispreparingfortomorrow’stest.A.holdB.toholdC.tobeheldD.beingheld10._______,theenemytroopswereforcedtogivein.A.BeingsurroundedB.TosurroundC.TobesurroundedD.Havingsurrounded以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。V-ing形式由“do+ing”构成，其否定形式是“notdoing”，V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing形式语态时态主动形式被动形式一般时完成时(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone当非限定性动词-ing的逻辑主语是-ing所表示的动作对象时要用-ing的被动形式，包括其一般形式“(not)being+-ed分词和完成形式“(not)havingbeen+-ed分词”。什么情况用V-ing形式的被动式呢？当动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing形式的被动语态。动词-ing形式的被动语态和它的主动语态一样，在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语。动词-ing形式的被动语态1.Beingkilledbysharksintheseaisacommonthing.用作主语1.Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedby2.theteacher.3.2.Irememberhavingbeentoldthestory.用作宾语V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。★Thebirdescaped______________(catch).★Hewasafraidof_______________(abandon)byus.beingabandonedbeingcaught在avoid,admit,appreciate,complete,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,putoff,feellike,insiston等后接V-ing形式作宾语。注意1.Theproblembeingdiscussednowisveryimportant.2.2.Thehousebeingbuiltwillbeourlibraryuponitscompletion.用作定语1.Beingaskedtoanswerthequestion,shecouldn’trefuse.2.Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howwouldyounotvalueitatall?用作状语V-ing一般时和一般时的被动形式:(1)Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindfromtimetotime.(2)Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourdormitory.CompareIV-ing的完成时和完成时的被动形式:(1)Havingheardthis,ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction.(2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldn’tleave.CompareII在绝大多数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句中的主语，但有时可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的结构称为独立结构。Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroomanddrovehome.会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。Theheavyfrostcomingon,deadleaveslaythickontheground.浓霜降临，落叶满地。一些动词如need,want,require等作“需要”讲时,其后的动词-ing形式的主动语态表示被动意义,也可以用不定式的被动形式来替换。如：注意Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.黑板需要擦干净。Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.=Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.那个破窗户需要修理。另外注意beworth及beworthy的用法：Theproblemisworthdiscussing.Theproblemisworthyofbeingdiscussed.Theproblemisworthytobediscussed.以上三个句子都意为“这个问题值得讨论”。Review动词-ing形式的被动式由“being+动词的过去分词”构成。它表示一个正在进行或与谓语表示的动作同时发生的被动动作。1.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout__.(北京)A.recognizingB.beingrecognizedC.havingrecognizedD.havingbeenrecognizedI.Multiplechoice.2.Istillremember_______totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.(陕西)A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takingD.beingtaken3.________manytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.(四川)A.ToldB.TellingC.HavingtoldD.Havingbeentold4.______toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.(重庆)A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskC.HavingaskedD.To