第一章船舶动力装置0001“BeforedisconnectingtheOilpipe,wouldyouflushtheoilretainedinthepipe_______?”askedtheoilbargeowner.0001BA.byusingoffreshwater(用淡水)B.withcompressedair(用压缩空气)C.byusingOfseawater(用海水)D.withchemicalcompound(用化学混合物)油驳主人问:“在拆开油管前,你能否用压缩空气吹出保留在管路中的油呢?”加油结束后,在拆卸油管前,一般用压缩空气吹洗残留在软管内的油。0002“Standbyanengine”means_____。“发动机备车”意“使发动机准备起动”。A.“preparetostoptheengine”(准备停止主机)B.“assembleanengineonitsbedplate”(在机座上装配主机)C.“makeanenginereadyforstarting”(使主机准备好以便起动)D.“dismantleanengine”(解体主机)0002C0003A_______isthefoundationoftheengine,withoutthesupportofwhichtheshaftalignmentinparticular,andenginestructureaswhole,wouldinevitablybelost.(机座是柴油机的基本,没有它的支撑柴油机整机结构的精确的轴线对中将会失去)A.Frame(机架)B.Bedplate(机座)C.Cylinder(汽缸)D.Liner(缸套)“机座”是发动机的基础。0003B0004_______arecommonlyusedinmechanical-hydraulicgovernortosenseenginespeeds.(在机械—液压式调速器中,飞重常被用来感应主机转速)A.Bulbs(n.鳞茎,球形物)B.Bulks(n.大小,体积,大批,大多数,散装)C.Flyweights(飞重)D.Flywheels(飞轮、调速轮)在机械一液压式调速器中,感受发动机速度的部件是“飞重”。0004C0005_______aregenerallyformedintheframeofthebothin-lineandVeeenginestogivemaintenanceaccesstothecrankshaftmainandconnectingrodlargeendbeading.在直列和V型柴油机中,道门通常是被装来提供维修曲轴主轴承和连杆大端轴承的通道。A.Doors(道门)B.Aspirategauzer(吸气滤网)C.Coupling(法兰)D.Blind(盲板)直列式和V型发动机的机架上一般都有维修通道(导门)。0005A0006______arrangementshavelowtemperatureandhightemperatureexhaustgaspassingthroughadjacentports,causingtemperaturedifferentialproblemsforthelinermaterial。回流扫气式布置有低温和高温气流通过邻近的气口,使缸套金属产生温差问题A.Loopscavenge(回流扫气)B.Crossscavenge(横流扫气)C.Uniflowscavenge(直流扫气)D.Supercharge(增压)回流扫气中,扫气空气(温度较低)和废气(温度较高)经过相邻的气口。0006A0007______becameoval,itshouldbemachined.十字头销变成椭圆形,它需要光车。A.Theupperhalfofcross-headbearing十字头轴承上瓦B.thecross-headpin十字头销C.Thecross-headbearing十字头轴承D.Thecross-headguideplate十字头导板0007B0008______deviceisprovidedtopreventstartingairfrombeingadmittedtothecylinderbeforethereversingiscompleted.一个联锁装置用来防止在盘车结束前允许起动空气进入气缸联锁装置可用来防止在发动机换向完成前启动空气进入到气缸。A.Anautomatic(n.自动机械adj.自动的,无意识的,机械的)B.Atransmission(n.播送,发射,传动,传送,传输,转播)C.Aself-regulating(自动调节)D.Aninterlocking(.联锁的)0008D0009_____fueloils_____lubricatingoilsrequiretreatmentbeforepassingtotheengine.在进入主机前燃油和滑油均需进行处理。(燃油和滑油在进入发动机之前,都需要经过处理。)0009AA.Both/and(两者都------)B.Neither/nor.两者都不C.Either/or(只能二选一的)D.Both/or(没此搭配)0010_____issometimesusedforpistoncoolingsinceleaksintothecrankcasewouldnotcauseproblems.润滑油有时用来冷却活塞,因为它漏泄到曲轴箱不会产生问题0010C滑油用作活塞冷却的一个好处是漏到曲柄箱不会产生污染问题。A.Dieseloil(柴油)B.HydraulicOil(液压油,水力(系统用)油)C.Lubeoil(.润滑油)D.Mineraloil(矿物油)0011_______istheremovalofexhaustgasesbyblowinginfreshair.扫气是通过鼓进新鲜空气而清除废气。(通过吹人新鲜空气去除废气的过程叫“扫气”。A项意“气体交换”;B项意“充气”)D项意“增压”。A.Gasexchange(交换气体)B.Charging(.装料,炉料或增压)C.Scavenging(扫气)D.Supercharging(增压)0011C0012_______isusedforcylinderandcylinderhead,thesaltwaterisusedforcoolingthelubricatingoil,thefreshwaterinthecoolersandthechargingairintheaircooler.淡水用来冷却汽缸和气缸盖,海水用来冷却滑油,淡水在冷却器里,增压空气在空气冷器中A.Thefueloil(燃油)B.Thelubeoil(滑油)C.Theseawater(海水)D.Thefreshwater(淡水)用作气缸和气缸头冷却的是淡水。0012D0013_______maybethefirstpossiblecausewhichmakestheenginetolosepowerorslowdownwhenitisrunning.当柴油机运行时,轴承发热是引起柴油机功率损失或转速下降先要的可能原因(发动机运行过程中功率下降或失速的第一可能原因是轴承过热。)A.Hotbearing(轴承发热)B.Startingvalves(起动阀)C.Unequaldistributionofload(负荷分荷环均匀)D.Excessivecrankshaftclearance(轴承间隙过大)0013A0014_______ofanenginecrankshaftcanbedetectedbymeasuringdetectionsofcrankwebsforeachunitoftheengine.柴油机轴线失中情况可通过测量柴油机曲轴各个单位曲柄不同位置的臂距值进行判断。(发动机曲轴失中可以通过测量臂距差来判断。)A.Misalignment失中B.length(n.长度,长,时间的长短,[语]音长)0014AC.Strength(n.力,力量,力气,实力,兵力,浓度)D.Stresses(n.重压,逼迫,压力,重点,着重,强调,重音)vt.着重,强调,重读0015_______oftheA-framesthereisastrongcastironframecalledthescavengingairbox.在A-型机架的顶部有一个称为扫气箱的坚固的铸铁结构(发动机A字架的顶部有扫气箱。)A.Atthetop(在顶部)B.Atthebottom(在底部)0015AC.Inthetop(无此结构)D.Inthebottom(无此结构)0016_______pistonshavelowinertiaandhighcoefficientofthermalexpansion铝活塞具有惯性低和热膨胀系数高的(特点)。(铝质活塞具有惯性小(重量轻)、热膨胀系数大的特点。)A.Castiron(n.铸铁,锻铁)B.Caststeel(坩埚钢,铸钢)0016DC.Forgedsteel(铸钢)D.Aluminum(铝)0017_______scavengingmeansbothexhaustportsandscavengingportsarearrangedtothesameside.回流扫气意思是扫气口和排气口都布置在同一侧。)回流扫气式发动机中,扫气口和排气口布置在同一侧。)0017CA.Uniflow(直流)B.Cross(横流)C.Loop(回流)D.Straight(直的)0018_______Shouldnotundertakeanytaskwhichwillinterferewiththesupervisiondutiesrelatingtothemainmachineryandassociatedequipment.0018A值班人员不应分派任何将妨碍管理主机和辅机职责的任务。(值班人员不能做任何影响其对主要机械和相关设备监视职责的工作。)A.Thewatchkeepingpersonnel(值班人员)B.Thechiefengineer(轮机长)C.Thepersononabunkerbarge(油驳上的人员)D.Anyoftheabove(以上任一个)0019_______tappetclearancewillcausetheexhaustvalvetoopenearlyandcloselateincycleandwillincreaseitsmaximumlift.0019B排气阀间隙过小将引起其在一循环中早开迟关并增加其升程。A.Excessive(adj.过多的,过分的,额外)B.Insufficient(adj.不足的,不够的n.不足)C.Correct(adj.正确的,恰当的,端正的vt.改正,纠正,告诫,惩戒)D.Noneoftheabove(以上都不是)气阀推杆间隙过小会引起排气阀过早打开、过晚关闭。0020______tappetclearancewillcausetheexhaustvalvetoopenlateandcloseearlyincycleandwillreduceitsmaximumlift.0020C排气阀间隙过大将引起其在一循环中迟开早关并减少其升程。A.Correct(adj.正确的,恰当的,端正的vt.改正,纠正,告诫,惩戒)B.Insufficient(adj.不足的,不够的n.不足)C.Excessive(adj.过多的,过分的,额外)D.Noneoftheabove(以上都不是)气阀推杆间隙过大会引起排气阀过晚打开、过早关闭。0021______tappetclearancewillcausetheexhaustvalvetoopenlateandcloseearlyincycleandwillreduceitsmaximumlift.0021C排气阀间