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八年级下册期末串讲程家国2016年7月6日八年级下时态总结1.过去进行时助动词:_______肯定句:______________否定句:______________一般疑问句:___________放句首例如:昨天8点我正在做作业.__________________________当他回到家时我正在听音乐.__________________________was/werewas/were+doingwasn’t/weren’t+doingwas/wereIwasdoinghomeworkat8yesterday.Iwaslisteningtomusicwhenhecamehome.2.现在完成时助动词:_______肯定句:______________否定句:______________一般疑问句:_________放句首例如:他已经完成工作.__________________________我还没吃午饭.__________________________have/hashave/has+动词过去分词have/hasHehasfinishedtheworkalready.Ihaven’thadlunchyet.haven’t/hasn’t+动词过去分词语法要点1现在完成时：构成：have/has+动词的过去分词常用的时间状语有：for+一段的时间,since+表示起点的时间______twodays_____20yearsago_______lastweek_____30hours常用的副词有：already,yet,never,ever,just，lately,recentlyforsincesincefor判断下列词语哪些可以和现在完成时连用(yes/no)：alreadyLastweekjustFor3daysyesterdayNextyearSince1992everSincelastSundayyetneverIn5hoursbeforeSince3daysagoyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyesyesNoNoNoNo难点解析•现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。•1）表示过去的动作刚刚结束，常与just,already,ever,never,yet,before连用。•他已经回到家了。•Hehasalreadygonehome.•她还没找到一份工作。•Shehasn’tfoundajobyet.•他刚刚关掉了灯。•Hehasjustturnedoffthelight.难点解析Theyhavelostthegame.他们输掉了那场比赛。2)表示过去的结果对现在仍有影响，通常不与时间状语连用。他买了电脑。Hehasboughtthecomputer.3）.表示开始于过去并持续到现在（也许还会继续进行下去）的动作或状态。1）表示动作的持续，常与“____+时间段”“________+时间起点”连用。他到珠海两年多了。HehasbeeninZhuhaiforovertwoyears.从三年前开始，我就认识他了。Ihaveknownhimsincethreeyearsago.2)在现在完成时中，瞬间动词必须改为相应的表示延续意义的动词或词组才可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。Shehashadthecarforayear.HisfatherhasbeenawayfromChinafor5years.forsince现在完成时的疑问？格式:________________助动词:__________瞬间动词与持续动词:瞬间动词可以用于完成时吗?什么时候不可以用瞬间动词?dieborrowbuyarrivein他已经买了那本书.___________________他买了那本书三天了.________________________________什么情况是例外?他三天都没买任何东西.___________________________________have/has+过去分词havehasbedeadkeephavebeinHehasboughtthatbook.Hehashadthatbookforthreedays.Hehasn’tboughtanythingforthreedays.句型:1.去过:2.去了:3.一直在:例如:他去过香港三次.他去了香港.他在香港三年了.have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin,atHehasgonetoHongKong.HehasbeentoHongKongforthreetimes.HehasbeeninHongKongforthreeyears.短暂性动词延续性动词arrivehas/havebeenbeginhavebeenonborrowhavekeptbuyhavehadclosehavebeencloseddiehavebeendeadgetuphavebeenupjoinhavebeenin/beenaleavehavebeenawayfromlosehavenothadopenhavebeenopenputonhaveworn1.你去过美国吗?没有,从来没有.2.John在哪里?他去了图书馆.他已经去那里两个小时了.3..我已经买了三天了.4.英语课已经开始10分钟了.5.李雷已经离校半小时了.HaveyoueverbeentotheUSA?No,never.WhereisJohn?Hehasgonetothelibrary.Hehasbeentherefortwohours.Ihavehaditforthreedays.TheEnglishclasshasbeenonfor10minutes.LiLeihasbeenawayfromschoolforhalfanhour.6.Mr谭在地震中牺牲了.他已经去世很多年了.7.这个婴儿已经出生两周了.8.麦克借哈里.波特已经有一个星期了.9.火车已经来了10分钟了.10.我姐姐当空姐已经有两年了.MrTandiedintheearthquake.Hehasbeendeadforyears.Thebabyhasbeenbornfortwoweeks.Mikehaskept“HarryPotter”foraweek.Thetrainhasbeenherefor10minutes.Mysisterhasbeenaflightattendantfor2years.4.现在完成进行时助动词:_______肯定句:______________否定句:______________一般疑问句:_________放句首例如:他们从2005年开始一直住在珠海.__________________________我一直看了三个小时书.__________________________have/hashave/has+been+doinghave/hasTheyhavebeenlivinginZhuhaisince2005.Ihavebeenreadingfor3hours.haven’t/hasn’t+been+doingIhavebeenskatingfortwoyears.Shehasbeencollectingtoyssincethreeyearsago.for+段时间fortwodayssince+点时间sincetwodaysago与其连用的时间状语有：我已经滑冰两年了自从三年前开始，她一直在收集玩具。动词时态填空：1.I__________(have)breakfastalready.2.Sheisill.She___________(lie)inbedforthreeweeks.3.SofarMei__________(learn)over2000Englishwords.4.What_____you_________(do)allthistime?5.You_______________(say)thatsinceyoucamehereyearsago.havehadhasbeenlyinghaslearnedhavebeendoinghavebeensaying2.主将从现如果从句是由_____(如果)，______(当)，__________(一…就…)引导的一般现在时的条件状语从句，主句要用一般将来时或用can,should等情态动词组成的句子。如果明天下雨，我就留在家。_________________________________当他长大，他将当一名医生。__________________________________我一打电话给他，他就会来接我。___________________________________ifwhenassoonasIfitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.Whenhegrowsup,hewillbeadoctor.AssoonasIcallhim,hewillpickmeup.ExercisesFillintheblankswiththewordsgiven.1.ThestudentswillgototheGreatWallifit___________(notrain)tomorrow.2.Ifhe___________(notdo)hishomework,he’llbelate.3.Ifshelikesit,she_____________(read)itsoon.4.Ifyouplaycomputergamesonweekdays,you_________(be)tired.5.IfyouwatchTVtonight,you__________(notstudy)forthetest.doesn’traindoesn’tdowillreadwillbewon’tstudy用所给词的正确形式填空。1.Ifyou______(be)late,theteacherwillbeangry.2.Wedon’tknowifit__________tomorrow(snow).3.He______________(become)asoccerplayerifheworkshard.4.You_________(be)famousifyousingwell.arewillsnowwillbecomewillbe5Halfofthesebananas_____________(be)bad.6Halfoftheboys__________(like)basketball.7.Halfofthebread______tasty.(be)arelikeisIdon’tknowifmybrother______(come)tomorrow.Ifhe_______(come),I’llbehappy.注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于whether，宾语从句通常位于主句之后。引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。我不知道明天是否会下雨。Idon'tknowifit_______(rain)tomorrow.willcomecomeswillrain用动词适当形式填空I__________(see)thismovie,andI__________itlastnight.I____________(sleep)whenthetelephone__________(ring)yesterday.Ifyou__________(go)totheparty,you___________agoodtime.They____________________(watch)TVsince10o’clock.Look,theyarestill______________(watch)TVnow.She____________(mee