吴明：联合国翻译：高翻学院翻译实例讲评(十)

高翻学院翻译实例讲评（十）A.原文全文B.理解错误C.词语译文欠佳D.翻译技巧E.参考译文全文A.原文全文1Aswewentintothesecondplenarymeeting,theconferencewasapproachingacrisis:therewasarealquestionwhetheritwastobeasuccess.Atameetingofmilitarychiefsafewhoursearlier,theBritish,atfirsthesitant,wereraisingadditionalobjectionstofixingthedateforOverlord.Consideringthemomentousnatureofthequestion,thedebateoverwhethertogoaheadwithOverlordinthespringof1944,astheSovietsandAmericansfavoured,orpossiblytopostponetheinvasionforthesakeofoperationsintheMediterranean,astheBritishproposed,wasrathertame.StalinpressedforadecisiontolaunchOverlordinMay,saying:“Idon’tcareifitisthe1st,15th,or20th,butadefinitedateisimportant.”WhileOverlordwasofpassionateinteresttotheSoviets,Stalin’swordscameoutinanalmostmatter-of-facttone.Itwasatypicalperformanceforhim.Stalinwouldoccasionallyreadfromaprepareddocument,butmostofthetimehespokeextemporaneously,doodlingwolfheadsonapadwitharedpencil,andpausingconsideratelysothattheinterpretercouldtranslate.Henevershowedanyagitationandrarelygestured.Seldomconsultinghisonlyadvisers,MolotovandVoroshilov,Stalinsatquietly,cigaretteinhand,concentratingonthediscussion.Churchill,whooftenpausedtorelighthiscigar,saidthathedidnotfeelthatthepointsofviewwereasfarapartasseemed.HesaidtheBritishgovernmentwasanxioustobeginOverlordassoonaspossiblebutdidnotwanttoneglectthegreatpossibilitiesintheMediterraneanmerelyforthesakeofavoidingadelayofamonthortwo.Ashemovedintohisargument,InoticedthatChurchillhadavisualapproachtospeaking.Hewouldstartasentence,andthenrepeatit,sometimestwoorthreetimesbeforethepicturewouldcometohismind.Thenhewouldtakeoffonhisgrandoratory.Someoftheseflourisheswereasgoodasanythinginhispublicspeeches.A.原文全文2WhenChurchillcompletedhisargument,Stalinleanedforwardandsaidhewantedtoaskanindiscreetquestion:“DotheBritishreallybelieveinOverlord,orareyouonlysayingsotoreassuretheRussians?”Churchillglowered,chompedonhiscigar,andrepliedthatiftheconditionsthathadbeenoutlinedattheMoscowForeignMinister’smeetingweremet,“itwouldbethedutyoftheBritishgovernmenttohurleveryscrapofstrengthacrosstheChannel.”HedidnotelaborateonthisrelativelyambiguousremarkbutsuggestedthattheBritishandAmericanstaffsmeetthenextmorningtoworkoutacombinedpointofviewtobesubmittedtotheconference.Churchillwasirked,toputitmildly,byStalin’spointedquestions.Atdinnerthatnight,althoughhewasthefriendlyhost,StalinoverlookednoopportunitytoneedleChurchill,implyingthathenursedasecretaffectionforGermanyanddesiredasoftpeace.Insteadofgettinghonestlyindignantorpassingtheteasingoffasajoke,Churchilladoptedaplaintivetonethatconveyedasenseofguilt.TheperformancewascertainlynotoneofChurchill’sbest.IdidnotliketheattitudeofthePresident,whonotonlybackedStalinbutseemedtoenjoytheChurchill-Stalinexchanges.Rooseveltshouldhavecometothedefenseofaclosefriendandally,whowasreallybeingputuponbyStalin.OfcourseitwastruethatRooseveltwasarguingonthesamesidethatStalinwas,soineffectthisanti-Churchillattitudewasjustified.Rooseveltneverexplainedhisattitudeinmypresence,buthisapparentbeliefthatgangingupontheRussianswastobeavoidedatallcostwas,inmymind,abasicerror,stemmingfromRoosevelt’slackofunderstandingoftheBolsheviks.RussianleadersalwaysexpectedandrealizedthatBritainandtheUnitedStateswereboundtobemuchcloserintheirthinkingandintheiropinionsthaneithercouldconceivablybewiththeSovietUnion.InhisrathertransparentattempttodissociatehimselffromChurchill,thePresidentwasnotfoolinganybodyandinallprobabilityarousedthesecretamusementofStalin.B.理解错误B.1.实例1Atameetingofmilitarychiefsafewhoursearlier,theBritish,atfirsthesitant,wereraisingadditionalobjectionstofixingthedateforOverlord.B.1.1.讲评译文在几小时之前的军事首脑会议上，英国人，一开始就犹豫不决，后来更是反对霸王行动的日期。数小时之前召开的军事首脑会议上，踟蹰不定的英国采取多番阻扰，致使“霸王”行动的具体日期无法确定。几小时前，在军事首脑会议上，起先犹豫不定的英国代表提出要修改霸王计划的日期。B.1.2.参考译文在几小时前举行的军事首脑会议上，英国人最初有点迟疑，后来终于又提出一些理由，反对为“霸王”计划规定日期。B.2.实例2Consideringthemomentousnatureofthequestion,thedebateoverwhethertogoaheadwithOverlordinthespringof1944,astheSovietsandAmericansfavoured,orpossiblytopostponetheinvasionforthesakeofoperationsintheMediterranean,astheBritishproposed,wasrathertame.B.2.1.讲评译文考虑到这一问题的严重性，在苏联和美国人的支持下，为了地中海的利益推迟入侵，正如英国人认为的那样，由英国人在1944年春天提出的有关是否继续霸王行动的争议变得相当乏味。考虑到这一问题的重要性，一场辩论由此展开。一方决定要在1944年春天继续“霸王”行动，这是美国和苏联所希望的，另一方面希望像英国所建议的那样，可以考虑从地中海地区开始行动，延缓整个行动的进程。双方为此相持不下。鉴于这一问题的重大性质，是否在1944年春季继续进行对苏、美两国有利的霸王行动，抑或考虑到地中海的操作问题而采纳英国推迟攻击的建议，这一争议仍有待商榷。考虑到这一问题的重要性质，所以是像苏联和美国支持的那样，在1944年春天继续进行霸王行动，还是像英国建议的，为了地中海人民的利益而可能推迟侵袭，这一争论非常沉闷乏味。B.2.2.参考译文关于这个问题，有两种不同意见，苏联和美国赞成在1944年春实施“霸王”计划，而英国则提出主张，由于在地中海作战，可能要推迟攻入法国的日期。考虑到这个问题性质重大，各方面在讨论时态度都比较慎重。B.3.实例3StalinpressedforadecisiontolaunchOverlordinMay,saying:“Idon’tcareifitisthe1st,15th,or20th,butadefinitedateisimportant.”B.3.1.讲评译文五月份斯大林迫切要求发起霸王行动，他说：“我不在乎是1号、15号或是20号，但是确切的日期是重要的.”斯大林要求在五月作出就“霸王“行动的决定，他说：“我不在乎你们把日子定在1号、15号还是20号，但必须有个明确的日期！”斯大林在五月敦促执行霸王行动时指出“我不在意到底是1号，15号或是20号，重要的是必须有一个确定的日期。”斯大林催促作出5月发动霸王行动的决定，他说：“我不管决定是1号、15号还是20号，但是一个明确的日期是非常重要的。”B.3.2.参考译文斯大林竭力要求在5月份实施“霸王”行动，他说，“我不管日子定在5月1日、15日或20日，但有个确切日子是重要的。”B.4.实例4WhileOverlordwasofpassionateinterest