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初中定语从句基础讲解•什么是定语从句呢？修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+句子Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.先行词关系词定语从句Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.先行词_______________关系词___定语从句关系词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why人(n.)+who/that+从句物(n.)+that/which+从句Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethatisred.修饰先行词anapple主语主语关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。Ilikesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ilikesomefriendswholikesports.修饰先行词friends主语主语/that关系词who/that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。Ilikethemusic.Icandancetothemusic.IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.宾语宾语关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。Ilikethegirl.Youaretalkingtothegirl.Ilikethegirlwho(m)youaretalkingto.宾语宾语/that关系词who/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theteacher(whom/who)IlistenedtoisMr.Li.TheteachertowhomIlistenedisMr.Li.宾语主语3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.ThisrecorderwhichheisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrarywhichyouborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?主语宾语宾语4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.HeisthemanthatItoldyouabout.主语宾语5.whose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.who’sD.whichLookatthegirl____nameisLucy.A.whoB.thatC.who’sD.whose只能用that的情况：1.当先行词又有人又有物时。Iwon’tforgetthethingsandthepersonsthatIsaw.2.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。ThisisthefirstbookthatIboughtmyself.ThebiggestbirdthatIcaughtisthisbird.3.当先行词是nothing,something,anything,all,each等不定代词时。Doyouhaveanythingthatisimportanttotellme?4.当先行词被all,any,some,no,not,every,each等修饰时。Ihavesomebooksthatareverygood.5.当先行词被thevery,thelast,thenext,theonly等词修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatIlostyesterday.6.以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时Whichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting.•Who/that在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数英语先行词保持一致。•Iprefershoesthat____(be)cool.•Ihaveafriendwho_____(play)sports.areplays任务I.阅读下列句子，再用关系代词填空。1.Ihaveabrother_______likessoccer.2.Tomdoesn’tlikemovies__________aretoolongandtooscary.3.Weprefergroups__________playloudandenergeticsongs.4.Helikesfriends_________oftenhelpeachother.who/thatwhich/thatwhich/thatwho/that5.Thisistheroom____________mygrandmotherusedtolivedin.6.Thisistheroom__________mygrandmotherusedtolive.which/thatinwhichwhere1.Heistheveryperson__Ilike.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.that2.Thisisthefirstplace___wevisitedlastyear.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where3.Moneyisnottheonlything___ismissing.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose4.Ilikethingsandpersons___areinteresting.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom5.Whoistheteacher__isworkingintheoffice?A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which6.Thisis___Iwanted.A.theoneB.whatC.theonethatD.alltheaboveDCBDBB任务II.请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。1．Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._______________________________________.2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._______________________________________.3.Tonylikesmusic.Hecandancetothemusic.________________________________________.Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.Tonylikesmusicthathecandanceto.Matchthetwosentences1.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________3.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon’tlikethemanwhoissmoking.Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?