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初中定语从句基础讲解AttributiveClausesZhouJielunisapopstar__________singswell.who/thatTitanicistheship___________sankafterhittinganiceberg(冰山).which/thatYeXinisanurse_________diedinthefightagainstSARS.who/thatBeijingisthecity__________hosted(主办)the2008OlympicGames.which/that先行词关系代词attributiveclause定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.which,who,that定语从句的相关概念在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句ZhouJielunisapopstar__________singswell.Titanicistheship___________sankafterhittinganiceberg(冰山).YeXinisanurse_________diedinthefightagainstSARS.Beijingisthecity__________hostedthe2008OlympicGames.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that先行词为人时，关系代词用who或that先行词为物时，关系代词用which或thatGrammarexercisesAUnderlinetherelativeclauseineachsentence.Thendrawanarrowtoshowthepersonorthingthattherelativeclausedescribes.BHerearesomemorepicturesaboutthestoryonpage99.Describethepicturesbyaddingwho,whichorthat.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that关系代词的作用：a.做代词，代替先行词b.在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.Thismachine(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.关系代词:1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Theman(whom/who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.ThemantowhomInoddedisMr.Li.3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thismachine（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语或宾语,whom作宾语。关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1)Aplaneisamachine________________canfly.2)Thecar____________________myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents________________don’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman___________________yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.which/that(which/that)who/that(whom/that/who)whose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Theboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.•Achild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).•A.whoB.whose•C.who’sD.which•Lookatthegirl____nameisLucy.•A.whoB.that•C.who’sD.whoseIhaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethatisred.修饰先行词anapple主语主语关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。组合句子Ihavesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ihavesomefriendswholikesports.修饰先行词friends主语主语/that关系词who/that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。Ilikethemusic.Icandancetothemusic.Ilikethemusic（that）Icandanceto.宾语宾语关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。Ilikethegirl.Youaretalkingtothegirl.Ilikethegirl（who(m)/that）youaretalkingto.宾语宾语关系词who/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。任务II.请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。1．Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._______________________________________.2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._______________________________________.3.Tonylikesmusic.Hecandancetothemusic.________________________________________.Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.Tonylikesmusicthathecandanceto.4.I’mreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._______________________________________5.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._______________________________________6.Idon’tliketheman.Heissmoking.____________________________________7.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._______________________________________I’mreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.Idon’tlikethemanwhoissmoking.Whereisthepicture（that）youboughtlastweek?•关系词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。•Iprefershoesthatarecool.•Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.任务用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Ihaveabrotherwho____（like）soccer.2.Tomdoesn’tlikemoviesthat_____(be)toolongandtooscary.3.Weprefergroupsthat________(play)loudandenergeticsongs.4.Helikesfriendswhooften_____(help)eachother.likesareplayhelpwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmyonwhichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich==关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich=1.Istillremembertheday_________wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.3.I’llneverforgettheyear_____________Icametothisschool.4.Thefactory_________wewillvisitislarge.5.Thefactory____________hisfatherworksislarge.6.Thisisthehouse____________welivedlastyear.7.Thisisthehouse__________welivedinlastyear.that/whichwhen/onwhichthat/whichwhere/inwhichwhen/inwhichwhere/inwhich归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.that/which