搜索
WaltWhitman1819－1892英本五班张丹1003150120WaltWhitman•Life•Contribution•Influence•WorksLife•WalterWhitmanwasbornin1819inLongIsland,thesecondsonofahouse-builder.•Largelyself-taught,hereadvoraciously,becomingacquaintedwiththeworksofHomer,Dante,Shakespeare,andtheBible.•Inthefallof1848,hefoundeda“FreeSoilnewspaper,theBrooklynFreeman,andcontinuedtodeveloptheuniquestyleofpoetry.•In1855,WhitmantookoutacopyrightonthefirsteditionofLeavesofGrass.•DuringtheCivilWar,Whitmanworkedasavolunteernurse.Life•Whitmandiedin1892becauseofhisbadhealth,hewasburiedinHarleigh(哈利公墓).LifeLifeContribution•OneofthegreatinnovatorsinAmericanliterature.•HegaveAmericaitsfirstgenuineepicpoem:LeavesofGrass.•Hecreatedthe“Freeverse”:theversethatdoesnotfollowafixedmetricalpattern,theversewithoutafixedbeatorregularrhymescheme.•Throughhim,AmericanpoetsfinallyfreedthemselvesfromtheoldEnglishtraditions.•HisbestworkhasbecomepartofthecommonpropertyofWesternculture.•HehasbeencomparedtoamountaininAmericanliteraryhistory.•ContemporaryAmericanpoetry,whateverschoolorform,bearswitnesstohisgreatinfluence.InfluenceWorks•Mainlyworks•LeavesofGrass•OCaptain!MyCaptain!Mainlyworks•LeavesofGrass•SongofMyself•IhearAmericasinging•OutoftheCradleEndlesslyRocking•DrumTaps•OCaptain!MyCaptain!•Thetitle•Features•ThemesLeavesofGrassLeavesofGrassThetitle:ItissignificantthatWhitmanentitledhisbookLeavesofGrass.Hesaidthatwherethereisearth,wherethereiswater,thereisgrass.Grass,themostcommonthingwiththegreatestvitality,isanimageofthepoethimself,asymbolofthethenrisingAmericannationandanembodimentofhisidealsAboutdemocracyandfreedom.Freeverse:Akindofpoetrythatdoesnotconformtoconsistentmeterpatterns,rhyme(ThelineistherhythmicalunitasinthepoetryofEnglishbible).Envelopstructure:OfteninWhitman’spoetry,thefirstlinebeginswiththesubject,andthenmoreandmorelineslistmodifierstilltheverbappearsinthelastlineofthestanza.Thisislikeenclosingawholelistofideasinanenvelop.LeavesofGrass•Equality•Divinity•Multiplicity•Self-reliantspirit•Death,beautyofdeath•ExpansionofAmerica•Brotherhoodandsocialsolidarity•PursuitofloveandhappinessTheThemesinhispoetryOCaptain!MyCaptain!1.Background2.Theme3.SpecialFeatures4.MyUnderstandingAnalysisofOCaptain!MyCaptain!1.BackgroundAttheendoftheCivilWarin1865,AbrahamLincoln,thesymbolofdemocracyandprogress,wasassassinatedbytheobstinateslaveownersofthesouthstates.Lincoln’sdeathshockedthewholecountry.ThedemocraticpoetWaltWhitmanwrotethepoetrycollectionElegyCollect(includingOCaptain!MyCaptain!andWhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom’d)toeulogizethebelovedpresident,toconfidehisownsorrowatthedeathofthepresident.TheabolishmentofslaveryisnotonlytheprogressoftheAmerican,butofthehumankind.ThenLincoln’sdeathisnotonlythesorrowoftheAmerican,butofthehumankind.Therefore,Whitmanrevealedthegriefofhisown,oftheAmerican,ofallthehumankind.InthepoemWaltWhitmanuseswritingskillsofsymbol,imagery,andrepetitiontogetawonderfuleffectofart.Thismakesreadersenjoyauniquebeautyofartfromvision，hearing,languageandmetre.2.ThemesThispoemeulogizesLincoln’smonumentalcontributionsandexpressesthepoet’smourningforLincoln’sdeathwiththebackgroundofthevictoryoftheCivilWar.3.Specialfeatures.Thepoemiscomposedofthreeoctaves,thatis,fourlonglinesandfourshortones,thelatterbeingusedasarefrain..Themeterisiambicandtherhymingschemeisroughlyrepresentedasaabbcded..Phoneticrecurrenceisthemainfeatureofthepoem,i.e.,thesystematicrepetitionofwordsandphrasesatthebeginningoftheline,inthemiddleorattheend..OralEnglishisalsoappliedinhisfreeversetomakeitaneffectivewaytoexpressfreelythefeelingsofcommonpeople.4.MyUnderstandingOCaptain！MyCaptain！OCaptain！MyCaptain！Ourfearfultripisdone.Theshiphasweatheredeveryrack,theprizewesoughtiswon,Theportisnear，thebellsIhear，thepeopleallexulting，Whilefolloweyesthesteadykeel，thevesselgrimanddaring;ButOheart!Heart!Heart!Othebleedingdropsofred,WhereonthedeskmyCaptainlies,Fallencoldanddead.OCaptain!myCaptain!Riseupandhearthebells,Riseup―foryoutheflagisflung―foryouthebugletrills,Foryoubouquetsandribbon‘dwreaths―foryoutheshoresa-crowding,Foryoutheycall,theswayingmass,theireagerfacesturning;HereCaptain!Dearfather!Thisarmbeneathyourhead;Itissomedreamthatonthedeck,You’vefallencoldanddead.MyCaptaindoesnotanswer,hislipsarepaleandstill,Myfatherdoesnotfeelmyarm,hehasnopulsenorwillTheshipisanchor’dsafeandsound,itsvoyageclosedanddone,Fromfearfultripthevictorshipcomesinwithobjectwon;Exult,Oshores,andring,Obells!ButI,withmournfultread,Walkthedeckmycaptainlies,Fallencoldanddead.Thankyou!!!